单选题Last week, the US bishops adopted rules to take priests who______minors out of any ministerial activities.(2003年厦门大学考博试题)

单选题That style of hat first came into ______ when I was a small boy.

单选题 The beginning of what was to become the United States was characterized by inconsistencies in the values and behavior of its population, inconsistencies that were reflected by population, inconsistencies that were reflected by its spokesmen, who took conflicting stances in many areas, but on the subject of race, the conflicts were particularly vivid. The idea that the Caucasian race and European civilization were superior was well entrenched in the culture of the colonists at the very time that the "egalitarian" republic was founded. Voluminous historical evidence indicates that, in the mind of the average colonist, the African was a heathen, he was black, and he was different in crucial philosophical ways. As time progressed, he was also increasingly captive, adding to the conception of deviance. The African, therefore, could be justifiaby (and even philanthropically) treated as property according to the reasoning of slavetraders and slaveholders. Although slaves were treated as objects, bountiful evidence suggests that they did not view themselves similarly. There are many published autobiographies of slaves. AfricanAmerican scholars are beginning to know enough about West African culture to appreciate the existential climate in which the early captives were raised and which therefore could not be totally destroyed by the enslavement experience. This was a climate that defined individuality in collective terms. Individuals were members of a tribe, within which they had prescribed roles determined by the history of their family within the tribe. Individuals were inherently a part of the natural elements on which they depended, and they were actively related to those tribal members who once lived and to those not yet born. The colonial plantation system which was established and into which Africans were thrust did virtually eliminate tribal affiliations. Individuals were separated from kin. Interrelationships among kin kept together were often transient because of sales. A new identification with those slaves working and living together in a given place could satisfy what was undoubtedly a natural tendency to be a member of a group. New family units became the most important attachments of individual slaves. Thus, as the system of slavery was gradually institutionalized, West African affiliation tendencies adapted to it. This exceedingly complex dual influence is still reflected in black community life, and the double consciousness of black Americans is the major characteristic of African-American mentality. Du Bois articulated this divided consciousness as follows. The history of the American Negro is the history of this strife--this longing to attain self-conscious manhood, to merge his double self into a better and truer self. In this merging, he wishes neither of the older selves to be best. Several black political movements have looked upon this duality as destructively conflictual and have variously urged its reconciliation. Thus, the integrationists and the black nationalists, to be crudely general, have both been concerned with resolving the conflict, but in opposite directions.

单选题The gap between those at the lowest level and those at the highest level of income has increased ______, and is continuing to increase.

单选题In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that minority business ownership is a group-level phenomenon in which it is largely dependent upon social-group resources for its development. A. In contrast to B. contends that C. in which D. largely dependent upon

单选题It has been revealed that nearly one in five degree courses has been ______ since the tripling of tuition fees to ￡9,000 a year. A. scratched B. scraped C. scrabbled D. scrapped

单选题The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) earnestly attempts to measure which country will provide the best opportunities for a healthy, safe and prosperous life in the years ahead. Its quality-of-life index 1 the results of subjective life-satisfaction surveys how happy people say they are—to 2 determinants of the quality of life across countries. Being rich helps more than 3 else, but it is not all that 4 ; things like crime, trust in public institutions and the health of family life matter too. 5 , the index takes 11 statistically significant indicators into 6 They are a mixed bunch: some are 7 factors, Such as geography; others change only very slowly 8 time; and some factors depend on policies and the state of the world 9 . Despite the global economic crisis, times have in certain respects 10 been so good. Output growth rates have been 11 across the world, but income levels are at or near 12 highs. Life expectancy continues to 13 steadily and political freedoms have spread across the 14 . In other ways, however, the crisis has 15 a deep imprint on unemployment and personal 16 . After crunching its numbers, the EIU has Switzerland comfortably in the top spot, with Australia second. Small economies 17 the top ten, half of which are European. The Nordic countries shine, 18 the crisis-ridden south of Europe (Greece, Portugal and Spain) lags behind. The 19 European economies (Germany, France and Britain) do not do particularly well. America 20 back in 16th place. Despite their economic dynamism, none of the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) scores impressively. Among the 80 countries covered, Nigeria comes last: it is the worst place for a baby to enter the world in 2013.

单选题Obviously these are all factors affecting smooth operation, but the {{U}}underlying{{/U}} problem is still to be identified.

单选题If you understand why the question is being asked, you will feel less inclined to regard the interviewer as unduly ______ his nose into your private business, A. stretching B. poking C. reaching D. dropping

单选题The traditional appeal of the income tax has come from its wide acceptance as a lair tax. closely related to an individual's ability to pay. For many gears the income tax provided large federal income without imposing heavy burdens on the great majority of people. By the mid-20th century, however, serious criticisms of tax loopholes were heard concerted attempts at reform resulted only in a more complex and eroded tax base. The situation worsened in the 1970s, as rising inflation pushed people into higher tax brackets although their incomes were barely keeping pace with rising prices. This pressure further eroded public confidence in the fairness of the income tax; at the same time it created strong incentives to utilize tax shelters and other loopholes, as well as to conceal off-the-record income. Built-in inflation adjustments were adopted, first by a number of states and then in 1985 by the federal government. Income tax policy is inevitably controversial because it rests essentially on judgments that must be constantly reconsidered as social values change. The complex task of working out the many reductions and exclusions to be allowed from income because they either make for greater fairness among taxpayers or promote worthy social goals (such as charitable contributions) bone of the most difficult and politically sensitive problems faced by governments. Another major area of dispute is whether wages and salaries should be taxed the same way as business profits or investment income. While some countries and a few U. S. states explicitly apply separate sets of rules to the measurement of different kinds of taxable income, others, like most U. S. state governments, seek to treat all sources of income in the same way. Even so, dissimilarities inevitably arise. Some costs of earning income are more readily deducted (扣除) from business and self-employment earnings than they are from wages and salaries. Inflation, by eroding the value of capital, distorts the measurement of income from that source. Complex adjustments to the tax law could in principle eliminate these imbalances, but most countries have preferred simpler, more arbitrary solutions.

单选题Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascination. But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind Several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good. The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. It doesn't help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. Egypt's leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey's bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam. But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam, for example stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left—all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity. And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself. Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go ahead to the even more wrong headed Narmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed. Proper scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster dams. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. You don't need a dam to be saved.

单选题On Christmas Eve, she spent two hours {{U}}decorating{{/U}} the room with flower chains.

单选题July was approaching, but the student was not sure what to_____after graduation.

单选题In the third paragraph, "gagging on a nearby Winston" means ______.

单选题In theory, governments are free to set their own economic policies; in practice, they must conform to a global economic model or risk being ________ by the market.

单选题He's color-blind and can't ______ between red and green easily. A. detect B. discover C. distinguish D. determine

单选题When the letter from his wife arrived, he ______ the contents carefully. Because she hadn't answered his question, he was angry and tossed the letter into the fire.