单选题A strong support from the local authority is ______ to the success of the project. A. indifferent B. indispensable C. inconsistent D. incredible

单选题Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there arc four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. The history of African Americans during the past 400 years is traditionally narrated {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}an ongoing struggle against{{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}and indifference on the part of the American mainstream, and a struggle {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}as an upward movement is {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}toward ever more justice and opportunity. Technology in and of {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}is not at fault; it's much too simple to say that gunpowder or agricultural machinery or fiber optics{{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}been the enemy of an {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}group of people. A certain machine is put {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}work in a certain wa—the purpose {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}which it was designed. The people who design the machines are not intent on unleashing chaos;they are usually trying to {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}a task more quickly, cleanly, or cheaply,{{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}the imperative of innovation and efficiency that has ruled Western civilization {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}the Renaissance. Mastery of technology is second only {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}money as the true measure of accomplishment in this country, and it is very likely that by {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}this under-representation in the technological realm, and by not questioning and examining the folkways that have {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}it, blacks are allowing {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}to be kept out of the mainstream once again. This time,however, they will be {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}from the greatest cash engine of the twenty-first century. Inner-city blacks in particular are in danger, and the beautiful suburbs {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}ring the decay of Hartford, shed the past and learn to exist without contemplating or encountering the tragedy of the inner city. And blacks must change as well. The ways that {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}their ancestors through captivity and coming to freedom have begun to loose their utility. If blacks {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}to survive as full participants in this society, they have to understand what works now.

单选题It is not forbidden to dream of building a better world, which is by and large what the social sciences try to help us to do. How to make cities more harmonious, reduce crime rates, improve welfare, overcome racism, increase our wealth—this is the stuff of social sciences. The trouble is that the findings of social sciences are often dismissed as being too theoretical, too ambitious or too unpalatable. The methods of research are also often attacked for their lack of rigor, and critics are quick to point out that the people who make the important decisions pay little attention to what social scientists have to say anyway. This would change if the social sciences made themselves more relevant and ready for the society of the 21st century. Social sciences began to take shape in the 19th century, but came into their own at the beginning of the 20th century, when a number of well-established disciplines, including economics, sociology, political science, history and anthropology really made their mark. Geography and psychology could be added to that list. However, only sociology, political science and economics have succeeded in consolidating their position in the social sciences mainstream. The others were virtually all marginalised. Moreover, powerful institutional barriers now separate the various disciplines. Hardly the right atmosphere in which to grow and deal with the harsh criticism which the social sciences have come in for from many quarters, including governments and international commissions. Radical measures are now being suggested to turn things round, from how to award university chairs, to setting syllabi and raising funds. The need for decompartmentalising and striking a new order in the relationship between the disciplines concerns all of the social sciences, though perhaps economics most of all, Only it has acquired a dominant position in management and public affairs. Some would My it has fallen under the sway of "unitary thinking", with little room for debate, for example, on the question of debt reduction or monetary tightness. Moreover, many people do not believe that economic science forms part of social sciences at all. This is a somewhat problematic position to uphold, particularly as economic developments are largely determined by political, social and cultural factors. Yet, economists often have difficulty understanding or taking such factors into account. This has left economics exposed to attack, for example, over its prescriptions for development and its analysis of events, such as the causes of the Asian crisis. To many, economics relies too heavily on hypothetical and sometimes unrealistic assumptions. Can social sciences bounce back and assert themselves in the 21st century? We will probably not be able to tell for a few decades, since the ways in which societies analyse themselves develop very slowly. After all, the social sciences are rarely given to sudden discoveries and headline breakthroughs like some other sciences. What is more, social sciences may continue to face the stout resistance of established institutions defending their own territory and opposing innovation and change. Could it be that society, which by definition seeks stability, has an in- built resistance towards indulging in any form of self-analysis? Few people have an appetite for hard truth. But perhaps in the information age and in the dematerialised economy of the knowledge world, all that could change. Perhaps society will discover a pressing need to know itself much better, if only to survive. Social sciences will then have a different status.

单选题According to the international regulation, the playing of the national anthem ______ all sports events. A. tepels B. remarks C. precedes D. requires

单选题He did not relish appealing amongst his friends and ______ of their criticism or censure. A. running short B. running out C. naming the gauntlet D. running ahead

单选题The British constitution is ______ a large extent a product of the historical events described above.

单选题You are exposed to obtrusive ads that ______ seemingly from nowhere even when you are disconnected from the Net, and your personal information is gathered and sent off without you being aware of it.

单选题Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileo's 17th century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake's harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century. Until recently, the scientific community was so powerful that it could afford to ignore its critics—but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked "antiscience" in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R.Gross, a biologist at the University of Verginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University. Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as "The Flight from Science and Reason," held in New York City in 1995, and "Science in the Age of(Mis)information," which assembled last June near Buffalo. Antiscience clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other academics who have questioned science's objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview. A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research. Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unbomber, those manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in U.S. News & World Report last May seemed to suggest. The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth. Indeed, some observers fear that the antiscience epithet is in danger of becoming meaningless. "The term 'antiscience' can lump together too many, quite different things," notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti Science. "They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened."

单选题They have always regarded a man of ______ and fairness as a reliable friend.

单选题(It can be argued) that the problems, even something (as fundamental as) the (ever-increased) world population, have been caused by (technological advance).

单选题The teacher threatened to______their X-box if they kept playing in classroom.

单选题On the other hand, ______ very deep pockets, the administration would not be concerned in the least about the cost of their lawyers. If fully ______, the corporate lawyers could file enough motions, take enough depositions, and pursue every possible appeal, to the point that you, quite literally, could litigate yourself into bankruptcy.

单选题A controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) fingerprinting in criminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1987 as a method to identify individuals based on a pattern seen in their DNA, the molecule of which genes are made. DNA is present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNA fingerprinting has been used successfully in various ways, such as to determine paternity where it is not clear who the father of a particular child is. However, it is in the area of criminal investigations that DNA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses. DNA fingerprinting and other DNA analysis techniques have revolutionized criminal investigations by giving investigators powerful new tools in the attempt to prove guilt, not just establish innocence. When used in criminal investigations, a DNA fingerprint pattern from a suspect is compared with a DNA fingerprint pattern obtained from such material as hairs or blood found at the scene of a crime. A match between the two DNA samples can be used as evidence to convict a suspect. The controversy in 1998 stemmed from a report published in December 1991 by population geneticists Richard C. Lewontin of Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., and Daniel L. Hartl called into question the methods to calculate how likely it is that a match between two DNA fingerprints might occur by chance alone. In particular, they argued that the current method cannot properly determine the likelihood that two DNA samples will match because they came from the same individual rather than simply from two different individuals who are members of the same ethnic group. Lewontin and Hartl called for better surveys of DNA patterns methods are adequate. In response to their criticisms, population geneticists Ranajit Chakraborty of the University of Texas in Dallas and Kenneth K. Kidd of Yale University in New Haven, Conn., argued that enough data are already available to show that the methods currently being used are adequate. In January 1998, however, the Federal Bureau of Investigation and laboratories that conduct DNA tests announced that they would collect additional DNA samples from various ethnic groups in an attempt to resolve some of these questions. And, in April, a National Academy of Sciences called for strict standards and system of accreditation for DNA testing laboratories.

单选题It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are ______ free medical care.

单选题 And researchers say that like those literary romantics Romeo and Juliet, they may be blind to the consequences of their quests for an idealized mate who serves their every physical and emotional need. Nearly 19 in 20 never-married respondents to a national survey agree that "when you marry you want your spouse to be your soul mate, first and foremost", according to the State of Our Unions: 2001 study released Wednesday by Rutgers University. David Popenoe, a Rutgers sociologist and one of the study's authors, said that view might spell doom for marriages. "It really provides a very unrealistic view of what marriage really is," Popenoe said. "The standard becomes so high, it's not easy to bail out if you didn't find a soul mate." The survey points to a fundamental dilemma in which younger people want more from the institution of marriage while they seemingly are unwilling to make the necessary commitments. The survey also suggests that some respondents expect too much from a spouse, including the kind of emotional support rendered by same-sex friends. The authors of the study also suggest that the generation that was polled may more quickly leave a margin because of infidelity than past generations. Popenoe said the poll, conducted by the Gallup organization, is the first of its kind to concentrate on people in their 20s. A total of 1,003 married and single young adults nationwide were interviewed by telephone between January and March. The margin of error was plus or minus four percentage points. Respondents said they eventually want to get married, realize it's a lot of work and think there are too many divorces. They believe there is one right person for them out there somewhere and think their own marriages won't end in divorce. Since the poll is the first of its kind, researchers say it is impossible to say if expectations about marriage are changing or static. But scholars say the search for soul mates has increased over the last generation--and the last century--as marriage has become an institution centering on romance rather than utility. "one hundred years ago, people married for financial reasons, for tying families together, they married for political reasons," said John DeLamater, a sociologist at the University of Wisconsin. "And most people had children." Those conditions are no longer the case for young adults like David Asher, a 24-year-old waiter in a Trenton cafe who has been in a relationship for about two years. He wants to wait to make sure he's ready to exchange vows. "I know a lot of it has to do with financial reasons," he said. "Maybe if you're going to have children, marriage is the best bet." But the main reason for matrimony: "If you're in love with someone, it's sort of like promising to them you are in love." "That's all well and good," said Heather Helms-Erikson, an assistant professor of human development and family studies at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. "But passion--partly in endorphin- caused physiological phenomenon--has been known to diminish in time."

单选题At first she thought he was joking. It took Jason twenty minutes to convince her that he was______.

单选题His arm was______from the shark's mouth and reattached, but the boy, who nearly died, remained in a delicate condition. (2014年厦门大学考博试题)

单选题Research shows heavy coffee drinking is ______ a small increase in blood pressure, but not enough to increase the risk for high blood pressure.

单选题If the profits in one year are not sufficient to pay the dividend, the ______ will be paid from the profits of later year. A. arrear B. debt C. difference D. margin

单选题A 50-ft.wave travels at speeds ______ 20 m.p.h., and anyone who's too slow at the approach risks being smashed.