单选题The recent news of the successful cloning of an adult sheep — in which the sheep's DNA was inserted into an unfertilized sheep egg to produce a lamb with identical DNA — has generated an outpouring of ethical concerns. These concerns are not about Dolly, the now famous sheep, nor even about the considerable impact cloning may have on the animal breeding industry, but rather about the possibility of cloning humans. For the most part, however, the ethical concerns being raised are exaggerated and misplaced, because they are based on erroneous views about what genes are and what they can do. The danger, therefore, lies not in the power of the technology, but in the misunderstanding of its significance. Producing a clone of a human being would not amount to creating a " carbon copy" — an automaton of the sort familiar from science fiction. It would be more like producing a delayed identical twin. And just as identical twins are two separate people — biologically, psychologically, morally and legally, though not genetically — so to embrace a belief in genetic determinism — the view that genes determine everything about us, and that environmental factors or the random events in human development are utterly insignificant. The overwhelming consensus among geneticists is that genetic determinism is false. As geneticists have come to understand the ways in which genes operate, they have also become aware of the myriad ways in which the environment affects their "expression". The genetic contribution to the simplest physical traits, such as height and hair color, is significantly mediated by environmental factors. And the genetic contribution to the traits we value most deeply, from intelligence to compassion, is conceded by even the most enthusiastic genetic researchers to be limited and indirect. Indeed, we need only appeal to our ordinary experience with identical twins — that they are different people despite their similarities — to appreciate that genetic determinism is false. Furthermore, because of the extra steps involved, cloning will probably always be riskier — that is, less likely to result in a live birth — that in vitro fertilization(IVF)and embryo transfer. For example, it took more than 275 attempts before the researchers were able to obtain a successful sheep clone. While cloning methods may improve, we should note tat even standard IVF techniques typically have success rate of less than 20 percent. So why would anyone go to the trouble of cloning?

单选题These people actively try to what they believe to be bad English and assiduously cultivate what they hope to be good English.

单选题In ancient Egyptian paintings, royal figures were differentiated by making them several times larger than others.(2003年电子科技大学考博试题)

单选题He is a very ______ character; he is never relaxed with strangers. A) self-confident B) self-conscious C) self-evident D) self-serving

单选题{{B}}Passage 5{{/B}} The older I grow the more impressed I am with the role of luck or chance in life. To be born when and where one finds himself is, of course, from the point of view of the individual pews the sheerest luck of all--good or bad. There are millions now living in America who would long since have been dead, had they been born or had remained in countries of their parents' origins. Luck does not determine or explain achievement--merit often plays a preponderant role. This is obvious when we observe the differences in performances among those who have a roughly common environment and are judged by a single, relevant standard. But even to be in a position to be evaluated on one's merits is a matter of luck or good fortune. Sometimes those who are qualified, and more often, those who are potentially qualified never get the chance. Sometimes the qualified have the good luck of competing against the poorer qualified or the bad luck of competing against the better qualified-circumstances usually beyond the control of the persons affected. Yet, in every competition this is an important factor. The distribution of wealth in this world depends almost as much on luck as on energy, foresight and skill. These latter virtues are decisive as a rule when the luck of opportunity is common. But often it is not, as the varying portions of individuals' inheritance testify. Even when the opportunity is common, results may not reflect merit or demerit. When we read of the actions for which individuals have run afoul of the law, it is only the weakness and poverty of our imagination that prevent us from grasping the series of events--all caused to be sure--whose conjunction could have landed us in the same predicament. If our temper had flared up when a deadly weapon was available, might we not be in the dock? Regardless of legal guilt or innocence, being charged with, or involved in, a crime is often a matter of luck. We never know when we may be falsely accused. Does belief in luck tend to an acceptance of the status quo? Not necessarily--although there is nothing wrong in accepting the status quo, if any feasible alternative to it is likely to be worse. When we realize what we owe to luck, it tends to cure us of overweening pride, of smugness and self-righteousness. For whatever our achievements we will note that they are not a consequence only of our worth, or of our efforts and virtues alone. Success always depends upon the cooperation of other persons and things, on the happy concert of time, place and opportunity--the absence of any one of which might have spelled failure.

单选题The word "modicum" in the last paragraph can be replaced by ______.

单选题Because of a recent obstacle in production, sales have dropped and accordingly profits have______.(2002年春季上海交通大学考博试题)

单选题Despite the fact that they were ______ when they married, after 30 years they live together harmoniously. A. contradictory B. incompatible C. contrary D. compatible

单选题To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. Its first use was as a shade against the sun. Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century B.C. We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high offices. In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against rain were the ancient Romans. During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it was considered a symbol of power and authority. By 1680, the umbrella appeared in France and later on in England. By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn't until the twentieth century that women's umbrellas began to be made in a whole variety of colors.

单选题As an important part of police strategy, rapid police response is seen by police officers and the public______as offering tremendous benefits.

单选题I can't read your writing. It is ______.

单选题Hummans are ___,which enables them to make dicisions even when they can’t justify why.

单选题Californians and New Englanders speak the same language and ______ by the same federal laws. A.conform B.abide C.sustain D.comply

单选题He______the driver who was attempting to pass for the accident.

单选题Dirty Jobs on the Discovery Channel an unlikely television program, has become a surprising success with a______ fan base.(中国科学院2011年3月试题)

单选题In deciding to undertake dangerous pursuits, people (usually strive) for their maximum personal ability rating, (when) they (are challenged) but can be victorious, rather than merely (surmounting the mediocre).

单选题The Internet can make the news more democratic, giving the public a chance to ask questions and seek out facts behind stories and candidates, according to the head of the largest U.S. online service. "But the greatest potential for public participation is still in the future," Steven Case, Chairman of America Online, told a recent meeting on Journalism and the Internet sponsored by the Freedom Forum(论坛). However, some other experts often say the new technology of computers is changing the face of journalism, giving reporters access to more information and their readers a chance to ask questions and turn to different sources. "You don't have to buy a newspaper and be confined to the four corners of that paper any more," Sam Meddis, online technology editor at USA Today, observed about the variety of information available to computer users. But the experts noted the easy access to the Internet also means anyone can post information for others to see. "Anyone can say anything they want, whether it's right or wrong," said Case. Readers have to determine for themselves who to trust. "In a world of almost infinite voices, respected journalists and respected brand names will probably become more important, not less," Case said. "The Internet today is about where radio was 80 years ago, or television 50 years ago or cable 25 years ago," he said. But it is growing rapidly because it provides people fast access to news and a chance to comment on it.

单选题Scientists will have to ______ new methods of increasing the world's food supply in order to feed more hungry people. A. catch up with B. come up with C. keep up with D. put up with