单选题When a disease of epidemic proportions rips into the populace, scientists immediately get to work, trying to locate the source of the affliction and find ways to combat it. Oftentimes, success is achieved, as medical science is able to isolate the parasite, germ or cell that causes the problem and finds ways to effectively kill or contain it. In the most serious of cases, in which the entire population of a region or country may be at grave risk, it is deemed necessary to protect the entire population through vaccination, so as to safeguard lives and ensure that the disease will not spread. The process of vaccination allows the patient's body to develop immunity to the virus or disease so that, if it is encountered, one can ward it off naturally. To accomplish this, a small weak or dead strain of the disease is actually injected into the patient in a controlled environment, so that his body's immune system can learn to fight the invader properly. Information on how to penetrate the disease's defenses is transmitted to all elements of the patient's immune system in a process that occurs naturally, in which genetic information is passed from cell to cell. This makes sure that, should the patient later come into contact with the real problem, his body is well equipped and trained to deal with it, having already done so before. There are dangers inherent in the process, however. On occasion, even the weakened version of the disease contained in the vaccine proves too much for the body to handle, resulting in the immune system succumbing, and therefore, the patient's death. Such is the case of the smallpox vaccine, designed to eradicate the smallpox epidemic that nearly wiped out the entire Native American population and killed massive numbers of settlers. Approximately 1 in 10, 000 people who receives the vaccine contract the smallpox disease from the vaccine itself and dies from it. Thus, if the entire population of the United States were to receive the Smallpox Vaccine today, 3, 000 Americans would be left dead. Fortunately, the smallpox virus was considered eradicated in the early 1970s, ending the mandatory vaccination of all babies in America. In the event of a reintroduction of the disease, however, mandatory vaccinations may resume, resulting in more unexpected deaths from vaccination. The process, which is truly a mixed blessing, may indeed hide some hidden curses.

单选题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following passage. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET I. Like many other aspects of the computer age, Yahoo began as an idea,{{U}} (21) {{/U}}into a hobby and lately has{{U}} (22) {{/U}}into a full-time passion. The two developers of Yahoo, David Filo and Jerry Yang, Ph. D candidates{{U}} (23) {{/U}}Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started their guide in April 1994 as a way to keep{{U}} (24) {{/U}}of their personal interest on the internet. Before long they{{U}} (25) {{/U}}that their home-brewed lists were becoming too long and{{U}} (26) {{/U}}. Gradually they began to spend more and more time on Yahoo. During 1994, they{{U}} (27) {{/U}}yahoo into a customized database designed to{{U}} (28) {{/U}}the needs of the thousands of users{{U}} (29) {{/U}}began to use the service through the closely{{U}} (30) {{/U}}Internet community. They developed customized software to help them{{U}} (31) {{/U}}locate, identify and edit material{{U}} (32) {{/U}}on the Internet. The name Yahoo is{{U}} (33) {{/U}}to stand for "Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle", but Filo and Yang insist they selected the{{U}} (34) {{/U}}because they considered themselves yahoos. Yahoo itself first{{U}} (35) {{/U}}on Yang's workstation, "akebono", while the search engine was{{U}} (36) {{/U}}on Filo's computer, "Konishiki". In early 1995 Marc Andreessen, co-founder of Netscape Communication in Mountain View, California, invited Filo and Yang to move their files{{U}} (37) {{/U}}to larger computers{{U}} (38) {{/U}}at Netscape. As a result Stanford's computer network returned to{{U}} (39) {{/U}}, and both parties benefited. Today, Yahoo{{U}} (40) {{/U}}organized information on tens of thousands of computers linked to the web.

单选题The two pharmaceutical companies collaborated in developing new drugs to ______ the pain of patients in the terminal stages of cancer. A.alleviate B.confront C.insulate D.terminate

单选题Signs of aging are unavoidable, ______ of particular interest to cosmetic companies. A. but those that can be disguised are B. but those can be disgused are C. but that can be disguised is D. but all one that can be disguised is

单选题

单选题The character of European education demands that the student develop【C1】______and social individuality. The American student is given a choice between relying on himself【C2】______on others. Scholastically, the fundamental difference is between the European lecture system and the American discussion system. The European system is both the strength and the limit of European education. The strength is the challenge【C3】______the student to rely on himself; the system imposes a limit because it is【C4】______and at times even cruelly, qualitative: only a few are able to survive. A second difference is the American campus, a term which has no【C5】______in Europe. There, the campus is formed【C6】______by the various classrooms, faculty offices and laboratories. No extracurricular activities are carried on. The students and the professors go to the universities when they have classes and leave as soon as they are【C7】______The European universities provide no social life; on the【C8】______, it creates a social atmosphere. The student 【C9】______never organizes campus activities: everything is left to the【C10】______of the individual students. In the【C11】______of these considerations, I think I can answer the challenge of that pretty coed, though my answer is bound to be incomplete. My【C12】______to the American educational system are two. The first【C13】______American students. What【C14】______me most about them is their conformity and their fear of【C15】______. Perhaps campus life【C16】______by necessity to conformity. Almost every student belongs to at least two organizations. What is the【C17】______of this associative mania,【C18】______not the basic to be supported by people who think【C19】______and sympathize with the same idea? Nobody likes being alone, but it seems to me that American students like【C20】______too much.

单选题It is reported that the latest outbreak of the bird flu in Pennsylvania in the United States has prompted China to slap a ban on {{U}}poultry{{/U}} imports from the sate.

单选题City officials are considering building a path to give the public ______ to the site. [A] recreation [B] excess [C] excursion [D] access

单选题Rain is not what it used to be. A new study reveals that much of the precipitation in Europe contains such high levels of dissolved pesticides that it could be illegal to supply it as drinking water. Studies in Switzerland have found that rain is laced with toxic levels of atrazine, alachlor and other commonly used crop sprays. "Drinking water standards are regularly exceeded in rain," says Stephan Muller, a chemist at the Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology in Dubendorf. The chemicals appear to have evaporated from fields and become part of the clouds. Both the European Union and Switzerland have set a limit of 100 nanograms for any particular pesticide in a liter of drinking water. But, especially in the first minutes of a heavy storm, rain can contain much more than that. In a study to be published by Muller and his colleague Thomas Bucheli in Analytical Chemistry this summer, one sample of rainwater contained almost 4000 nanograms per liter of 2, 4-dinitrophenol, a widely used pesticide. Previously, the authors had shown that in rain samples taken from 41 storms, nine contained more than 100 nanograms of atrazine per liter, one of them around 900 nanograms. In the latest study, the highest concentrations of pesticides turned up in the first rain after a long dry spell, particularly when local fields had recently been sprayed. Until now, scientists had assumed that the pesticides only infiltrated groundwater directly from fields. Muller warns that the growing practice of using rainwater that falls onto roofs to recharge under — ground water may be adding to the danger. This water often contains dissolved herbicides that had been added to roofing materials, such as bitumen sheets, to prevent vegetation growing. He suggests that the first flush of rain should be diverted into sewers to minimize the pollution of drinking water, which is not usually treated to remove these herbicides and pesticides.

单选题To call the music of another music-culture "primitive" is______ one's own standards on a group that does not recognise them.

单选题The headquarters of this textile company is in New York while its 20______. companies are located in different parts of the world. A. parent B. subsidiary C. inferior D. ultimate

单选题The type of job an ape could do without supervision would be one which is ______.

单选题The main point of paragraph 5 is ______.

单选题{{B}}Passage 3{{/B}} The early retirement of experienced workers is seriously harming the U. S. economy, according to a new report from the Hudson Institute, a public policy research organization. Currently, many older experienced workers retire at an early age. According to the recently issued statistics, 79 percent of qualified workers begin collecting retirement benefits at age 62; if that trend continues, there will be a labor shortage that will hinder the economic growth in the twenty-first century. Older Americans constitute an increasing proportion of the population, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, and the population of those over age 65 will grow by 60% between 2001 and 2020. During the same period, the group aged 18 to 44 will increase by only 4%. Keeping older skilled workers employed, even part time, would increase U. S. economic output and strengthen the tax base; but without significant policy reforms, massive early retirement among baby boomers seems more likely. Retirement at age 62 is an economically rational decision today. Social Security and Medicaid earnings limits and tax penalties subject our most experienced workers to marginal tax rates as high as 67%. Social Security formulas encourage early retirement. Although incomes usually rise with additional years of work, any pay increases after the 35-year mark result in higher social Security taxes but only small increases in benefits. Hudson Institute researchers believe that federal tax and benefit policies are at fault and reforms are urgently needed, but they disagree with the popular proposal that much older Americans will have to work because Social Security will not support them and that baby boomers are not saving enough for retirement. According to the increase in 401(k) and Keogh retirement plans, the ongoing stock market on Wall Street, and the likelihood of large inheritances, there is evidence that baby boomers will reach age 65 with greater financial assets than previous generations. The Hudson Institute advocates reforming government policies that now discourage work and savings, especially for older workers. Among the report' s recommendations. Tax half of all Social Security benefits, regardless of other income; provide 8% larger benefits for each year beyond 65; and permit workers nearing retirement to negotiate compensation packages that may include a lower salary but with greater healthcare benefits. However, it may take real and fruitful planning to find the right solution to the early retirement of older experienced workers; any measures taken must be allowed to prolong the serviceability of older experienced workers.

单选题What conclusion can be drawn from the essay about the United States during the time of Henry Ford's youth?

单选题She felt a bit ______ in the autumn air so she went in to fetch a coat.

单选题The new Beijing Library is larger than ______ library in China.