问答题You should spend no more than 20 minutes on this task. You live in a room in college which you share with another student. You find it very difficult to work there because your roommate always has friends visiting. He/she has parties in the room and sometimes borrows your things without asking you. Write a letter to the Residence Assistant at the college and ask for a new room next term. You would prefer a single room. Explain your masons. You should write at least 150 words. You do NOT need to write your own address. Begin your letter as follows: Dear ______,

问答题在天地之间活相同的时间，走的路却可能完全不同，有人走得很远，看见很多美妙的景象，有的人却只是幽囚于斗室，至死也不明白世界有多么辽远阔大。

问答题 6 In the past even as our power grew, much of the world saw us, rightly or wrongly, as a moral beacon, as a country somehow largely outside the bloody, gory, oft-tyrannical history that carved its swath across so much of the world during the American Century. Indeed, in many ways, even as cultural elites in once-glorious Old World nations sneered at upstart, crass, consumerist America, the masses in those nations idealized America as some sort of Promised Land. In many ways, the American Dream of the last 100-some years has been more something dreamed by foreigners from afar, especially those who experienced fascism or Stalinism, than lived as a universal reality on the ground in the United States. 7 Things look simpler from a distance than they do on the ground. Today, I fear, foreigners slumber (酣睡) with dreamy American smiles on their sleeping faces no more; that intangible faith in the pastel-colored hue and soft contours of the Dream risks being shattered, replaced instead by an equally simplistic dislike of all things and peoples American. The Pew survey, for example, found that sizable majorities in countries such as Jordan, Morocco, Turkey, Germany, and France believed the war on terror to be largely about the United States wanting to control Middle Eastern oil supplies. 8 In other words, the perception—never universally held, but held by enough people to help shape our global image—is changing. Once our image abroad was of an exceptional country accruing all the power of empire without the psychology of empire; now it is being replaced by something more historically normal—that of a great power determined to preserve and expand its might, for its own selfish interests and not much else. 9 Maybe the American Dream always was little more than marketing hype. But as the savagery_ of the images coming out of Iraq demonstrate all too well, we live in a world where image is if not everything, at least crucial. Perhaps I"m wrong and the American Dream will continue to sweeten the sleep of those living overseas for another century. I certainly hope, very much, that I"m wrong—for a world denuded of the Dream, however far from complex reality that Dream might have been, would be impoverished indeed. 10 But I worry that that encore I mentioned earlier won"t be nearly as breathtaking or as splendid as the original performance that shaped the first American century.

问答题我们始终注重处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整经济结构和管理通胀预期的关系，增强宏观政策的前瞻性、科学性、有效性，注意把握好政策的取向、力度和重点。 在国际金融危机冲击最严重时，果断实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，综合运用多种财政政策工具，增加政府支出，实行结构性减税；有效运用存款准备金率、利率等货币政策工具，保持货币信贷合理增长。根据宏观经济走势的变化，我们及时调整政策力度，适时退出刺激政策，实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。 在财政政策运用上，坚持统筹兼顾，注重综合平衡。财政赤字占国内生产总值的比重从2009年的2．8％降到去年的1．5％左右，赤字率和债务负担率保持在安全水平。加强地方政府性债务全面审计和地方政府融资平台管理，有效控制经济运行中的风险隐患。在货币政策运用上，始终注意把握稳增长、控物价和防风险之间的平衡。 2012年，在世界各大经济体增长全面减速、各种风险不断暴露的情况下，我们合理把握政策力度，保持财政预算支出规模不变，优化支出结构，扭转经济下滑趋势，全面实现年初确定的主要目标，国内生产总值增长7．8％，城镇新增就业1266万人，居民消费价格涨幅回落到2．6％，为今年经济发展打下好的基础。

问答题 Scholars and students have always been great travelers. The official case for "academic mobility" is now often stated in impressive terms as a fundamental necessity for economic and social progress in the world, and debated in the corridors of Europe, but it is certainly nothing new. Serious students were always ready to go abroad in search of the most stimulating teachers and the most famous academies; in search of the purest philosophy, the most effective medicine, the likeliest road to gold. Mobility of this kind meant also mobility of ideas, their transference across frontiers, their simultaneous impact upon many groups of people. The point of learning is to share it, whether with students or with colleagues; one presumes that only eccentrics have no interest in being credited with a startling discovery, or a new technique. (1) {{U}}It must also have been reassuring to know that other people in other parts of the world were about to make the same discovery or were thinking along the same lines, and that one was not quite alone, confronted by inquisition, ridicule or neglect.{{/U}} In the twentieth century, and particularly in the last 20 years, the old footpaths of the wandering scholars have become vast highways. (2) {{U}}The vehicle which has made this possible has of course been the aero plane, making contact between scholars even in the most distant places immediately feasible, and providing for the very rapid transmission of knowledge.{{/U}} Apart from the vehicle itself, it is fairly easy to identify the main factors which have brought about the recent explosion in academic movement. Some of these are purely quantitative and require no further mention: there are far more centers of learning, and a far greater number of scholars and students. (3) {{U}}In addition one must recognize the very considerable multiplication of disciplines, particularly in the sciences, which by widening the total area of advanced studies has produced an enormous number of specialists whose particular interests are precisely defined{{/U}}. These people would work in some isolation if they were not able to keep in touch with similar isolated groups in other countries. (4) {{U}}Frequently these specializations lie in areas where very rapid developments are taking place, and also where the research needed for developments is extremely costly and takes a long time{{/U}}. It is precisely in these areas that the advantages of collaboration and sharing of expertise appear most evident. Associated with this is the growth of specialist periodicals, which enable scholars to become aware of what is happening in different centers of research and to meet each other in conferences and symposia. From these meetings come the personal relationships which are at the bottom of almost all formalized schemes of co-operation, and provide them with their most satisfactory stimulus. But as the specializations have increased in number and narrowed in range, there has been an opposite movement towards interdisciplinary studies. (5) {{U}}These owe much to the belief that one cannot properly investigate the incredibly complex problems thrown up by the modern world, and by recent advances in our knowledge along the narrow front of a single discipline{{/U}}. This trend has led to a great deal of academic contact between disciplines, and a far greater emphasis on the pooling of specialist knowledge, reflected in the broad subjects chosen in many international conferences.

问答题In Germany, in contrast with France, friendship is much more clearly a matter of feeling. Adolescents, boys and girls, from deeply sentimental attachments, walk and talk together not so much to polish their wits as to share their hopes and fears and dreams to form a common front against the world of school and family and to join in a kind of mutual discovery of each other's and their own inner life. Within the family, the closest relationship over a lifetime is between brothers and sisters. Outside the family, men and women find in their closest friends of the same sex the devotion of a sister, the loyalty of a brother. Appropriately, in Germany friends usually are brought into the family. Children call their father's and their mother's friends "uncle" and "aunt". Between French friends, who have chosen each other for the similarity of their point of view, lively disagreement and sharpness of argument are the breath of life. But for Germans, whose friendships are based on common feelings, deep disagreement on any subject that matters to both is regar- ded as a tragedy. Like ties of kinship, ties of friendship are meant to be absolutely binding. Young Germans who come to the United States have great difficulty in establishing such friendships with Americans. We view friendship more tentatively, subject to changes in intensity as people move, change their jobs, marry, or discover new interests.

问答题Youareaskedtowriteacompositioninnolessthan150wordsaccordingtothechartgivenbelow.RemembertowriteclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(1)以上图为依据描述发展中国家的预期寿命(lifeexpectancy)和婴儿死亡率(inrantmortality)的变化情况。(2)说明引起变化的原因。

问答题Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. You should write at least 250 words. You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.

问答题 56. Real estate, in broad definition, is land and everything made permanently a part thereof, and the nature and extent of one's interest therein. In law, the word real, as it relates to property, means land as distinguished from personal property; and estate is defined as the interest one has in property. Real estate may be acquired, owned, and conveyed (or transferred)by individuals; business corporations; charitable, religious, educational, fraternal, and various other nonprofit corporations; fiduciaries, such as trustees and. executors; partnerships; and generally by any legal entity as determined and defined by the laws of the various states of the U.S. Limitations are established in connection with sales of real estate by minors, incompetents, and certain types of corporations, and generally in eases involving some form of legal disability or lack of capacity. 57. In such instances, it is necessary in some jurisdictions to make application to the courts for permission to sell; in other jurisdictions such transfers are governed by statute. 58. Real property is generally acquired by purchase, by descent and devise, or by gift. When acquired by purchase, a deed is given by the seller, or grantor, to the purchaser, or grantee. The deed contains a legal description of the property conveyed; it must be drawn, executed, and acknowledged in proper form to be entitled to record. 59. It is customary for the seller and the purchaser to enter into a contract, at which time the purchaser makes a deposit on account of the purchase price. 60. The purchaser engages an attorney or a title company to search the title to the property. The title company ensures that the seller can convey clear title, the transaction is then closed.

问答题这可能听起来显得离奇，然而现已完成了一些试验，它们显示，这仍应是正确的解释。在一家医院的婴儿室里，几组新生婴儿被安排听很长时间的每分钟72次的标准速率的心跳录音。每组有9名婴儿，结果发现，当心跳录音停放时，其中一个或更多的婴儿60%的时间在啼哭，但是当心跳录音卜卜响起时，啼哭的时间降到了38%。听心跳声的那几组婴儿的体重的增长也高于另几组婴儿，虽然两者食物的摄取量是相等的。显然，未听心跳声的几组婴儿由于使劲啼哭的行为而消耗了多得多的能量。

问答题Cancer is used generically for more than 100 different diseases, including malignant tumors of different sites such as breast, stomach, colon, lung and mouth. (1) The disease arises principally as a consequence of individual exposure to the substances that cause cancer in what individuals inhale, eat and drink, or are exposed to in their personal or work environment. Personal habits, such as tobacco use, dietary and physical activity patterns--well as occupational and environmental conditions--rather than genetic factors, play the major roles in the development of cancer. Many of the chronic diseases risk and the diseases themselves overlap. In developed countries, cancer is the second-biggest cause of death after cardiovascular disease (CVD), and epidemiological evidence points to this trend emerging in the less developed world. This is particularly true in countries of "transition" or middle income countries such as in South America and Asia. Already more than half of all cancer cases occur in developing countries. There are approximately 20 million people living with cancer at the moment; by 2020 there will an estimated 30 million. And the impact is far greater than the number of cases alone would suggest. (2) Regardless of prognosis, the initial diagnosis is often perceived bv patients as life-threatening, with over one-third of sufferers experiencing clinical anxiety and depression. Cancer can also be profoundly distressing as well as economically disruptive to patients' families. The clinical care of cancer patients is a costly element in public health budgets. (3) Dietary factors are estimated to account for approximately 30% of cancers in Western countries, making diet second only to tobacco as a preventable cause of cancer. This proportion is thought to be about 20% in developing countries and is projected to grow. As developing countries become urbanized, patterns of cancer, particularly those most strongly associated with diet and physical activity, tend to shift towards the patterns of economically developed countries. Cancer rates also change as populations move between countries and adopt different dietary patterns. The relative importance of cancers as a cause of death is increasing. The incidence of lung cancer and cancers of the colon and breast generally increases in parallel with economic development, as stomach cancer declines. Cancer is also strongly associated with social and economic status. Cancer risk factors are highest in groups with the least education. In addition, patients in the lower socioeconomic classes have consistently poorer survival rates than those in higher social class. In recent years, substantial evidence has pointed to the link from overweight and obesity, to many types of cancer such as breast and kidney. (4) The composition of the diet is also important since fruit and vegetables may have a protective effect by decreasing the risk for some cancer types such as oral and gastric cancer. Regular physical activity has also been seen to have a protective effect in reducing the risk of breast cancer. High intake of preserved meat or red meat might be associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer. Another aspect of diet clearly related to cancer risk is the high consumption of alcoholic beverages, which convincingly increase the risk of oral cavity, liver and breast cancers. The wealth of knowledge that already exists about cancer risk factors provides obvious and ample scope for action to reduce the cancer burden of all countries. After tobacco, overweight and obesity seems to be the most important avoidable cause of cancer. (5) Given that poor nutrition, physical inactivity, obesity, tobacco and alcohol are risk factors common to other chronic diseases such as CVD, type 2 diabetes, and respiratory diseases, conducting a cancer prevention program within the context of an integrated chronic disease prevention program would be an effective national strategy.

问答题Topic : There have been instances of students humiliating (侮辱) their teacher at school. What do you think is the cause for such happenings?

问答题The oil price is also a big risk, mainly because the Bush administration appears determined to attack Iraq. The probability of war could easily push the oil price back into the $ 35 ～ $ 40 a barrel range for at least a few months. In effect, that would impose a big new tax on consumer spending and corporate profits. The prospect of monetary tightening and a sharp increase in the oil price suggests that late 2002 and early 2003 could be a period of great volatility for the US economy.

问答题TOPIC According to some statistics, by the end of 2009, the resident (常住人口) in Beijing has reached 17 million, not to mention the large floating population and the number is becoming bigger. Do you think the population in Beijing should be controlled? Why or why not?

问答题Directions: Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given below. Use the proper space on your ANSWER SHEET II. How to Reduce Traffic Accidents?

问答题Directions: Write an essay of no less than 150 words about your viewpoints to/opinion on the writing class for the Ph. D students.

问答题Plagiarizing, or representing someone else's ideas or words as your own, will cause problems for people in any stage of life. Students get flunked for it and it even cost Joe Biden a shot at becoming the US President in 1988. Please elaborate in your writing on how to avoid plagiarism, either on pupose or by accident. You should write at least 200 words.

问答题两只中国小老虎踏上了前往南非的7000英里征程，在那儿，动物专家将教给它们狩猎的技能。 这对分别名为“国泰”和“希望”的华南虎来自上海动物园的狭小围栏，它们将去南非的一处面积为1235英亩的自然保护区。 老虎在香港机场转机的时候，“拯救中国虎基金会”的创始人全莉对记者说：“那里有空间让他们活动，但我们的最终目的是将它们带回中国，带回它们生活了数百万年的故乡。” 全莉说，南非有一些专家有这方面的经验，能让生在囚笼中的大型猫科动物学会如何在野外生存。大型猫科动物天生就懂得追逐猎物，但却要通过学习才能掌握捕杀猎物的技能。按照中国政府的说法，生存在野外的华南虎不足30只，另有60只在动物园里。 老虎是亚洲的特有动物，目前正趋于绝灭。这一方面是因为它们的自然生活环境遭到破坏，另一方面则是由于人们对虎鞭之类产品的需求造成的。亚洲一些地方的人们认为虎鞭能增强性功能。 “拯救中国虎基金会”打算在今后5年中将另外5至7只虎崽运到南非，然后从2008年开始将它们及其后代放养到华南一个专设的自然保护区里。

问答题(1)But there is a sphere of action in which society, as distinguished from the individual, has, if any, only an indirect interest, comprehending all that portion of a person's life and conduct which affects only himself, or if it also affects others, only with their free, voluntary, and undeceived consent and participation. When I say only himself, I mean directly, and in the first instance; for whatever affects himself, may affect others through himself; and the objection which may be grounded on the contingency will receive consideration in the sequel. This, then, is the appropriate region of human liberty, It comprises, first, the inward domain of consciousness; demanding liberty of conscience, in the most comprehensive sense; liberty of thought and feeling; absolute freedom of opinion and sentiment on all subjects, practical or speculative, scientific, moral, or theological. (2)The liberty of expressing and publishing opinions may seem to fall under a different principle; since it belongs to that part of the conduct of an individual which concerns other people; hut, being almost of as much importance as the liberty of thought itself, and resting in great part on the same reasons, is practically inseparable from it. Secondly, the principle requires liberty of tastes and pursuits; of framing the plan of our life to suit our own character; of doing as we like, subject to such consequences as may follow: without impediment from our fellow creatures, so long as what we do does not harm them, even though they should think our conduct foolish, perverse, or wrong. (3) Thirdly, from this liberty of each individual follows the liberty, within the same limits, of combination among individuals; freedom to unite, for any purpose not involving harm to others; the persons combining being supposed to be of full age, and not forced or deceived. (4) No society in which these liberties are not, on the whole, respected, is free, whatever may be its form of government: and none is completely free in which they do not exist absolute and unqualified. The only freedom which deserves the name, is that of pursuing our own good in our own way, so long as we do not attempt to deprive others of theirs, or impede their efforts to obtain it. (5) Each is the proper guardian of his own health, whether bodily or mental and spiritual. Mankind are great gainers by suffering each other to live as seems good to themselves, than by compelling each to live as seems good to the rest.