单选题They eat a lot of meats and dairy foods, along with a lot of ______ items that don't fall into any Nutrigroup, such as sugar, fat, and condiments.

单选题There was once a town in this country where all life seemed to live in ______ with its surroundings. [A] coincidence [B] harmony [C] uniform [D] alliance

单选题There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal combustion engine (内燃机) has something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons (活塞) being driven. For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further, students might be helped by a course that considers the computer's impact on society. But that is not what is meant by computer literacy. For computer literacy is not a form of literacy (读写能力); it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art. Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-making. Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more "user-friendly". Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the phrase "learning to use a computer" mean? It rounds like "learning to drive a car", that is, it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired, enable one to use a computer. In fact, "learning to use a computer" is much more like "learning to play a game", but learning the rules of one game may not help you play a second game, whose rules may not be the same. There is no such thing as teaching someone how to use a computer, One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.

单选题The Stock exchange makes it possible for the Government, local authorities and nationalized industries ______.

单选题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} There are 5 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.{{B}}Passage 1{{/B}} Although vocal cords are lacking in cetaceans, phonation is undoubtedly centered in the larynx. The toothed whales or odontocetes (sperm whales and porpoises) are much more vociferous than the whalebone whales, or mysticetes. In this country observers have recorded only occasional sounds from two species of mystieetes (the humpback and right whale). A Russian cetologist reports hearing sounds from at least five species of whalebone whales but gives no details of the circumstances or descriptions of the sounds themselves. Although comparison of the sound-producing apparatus in the two whale groups cannot yet be made, it is interesting to note that the auditory centers of the brain are much more highly developed in the odontocetes than in the mystieetes, in fact, to a degree unsurpassed by any other mammalian group.

单选题Any observer will agree that not all that surrounds non-remunerated donation is completely altruistic and that sometimes too much use is made in some countries of forms of compensation of gratification that is not monetary but nevertheless have value. A. surrounds B. is C. is made D. is

单选题On leaving school he became an office-boy and having no ______ to rise higher, he only wasted his time. A. ambition B. determination C. success D. purpose

单选题73.5 percent of major U.S. firms report that they record and review their employees" communications and activities on the job. The larger the company, the more likely it is to engage in monitoring and surveillance activities, according to a survey. Broken down by business category, survey respondents in the financial services sector lead the packs when it comes to monitoring their employee"s e-mail and Internet connections. Weber says he sees companies go through a "life cycle" with their Internet experience. When they first get connected, companies see a surge of activity and an immediate drop-off in productivity. After about two or three weeks, Internet use levels off, Weber notes. Weber observes that among his clients, he"s seeing a trend where employers are letting the lifecycle run its course. In other cases, Weber says his clients are capturing the information, but not really doing anything about it. One thing the experts all agree on is that if you use the Internet and provide access to your employees, you should have a policy in place that defines what you deem to be permissible use by employees. Weber believes that no company wants to be in the rote of Big Brother, but still must protect one of its most valuable assets. Nor are employers looking to micro-manage their employees. Many companies are viewing use of the Internet as similar to the phone, and operating with the philosophy that incidental personal use is okay. "But some clients don"t see a need to restrict access," he explains. For certain the issues that surround monitoring employee Internet use aren"t going to quiet down anything soon, the experts say. "Maybe the simplest solution is to just allow a certain percentage to go to employee use."

单选题Samples of this article will be sent to you free ______.

单选题______, a product should have beauty of line, color, proportion, and texture; high efficiency and safety of operation; convenience or comfort in use; ease of maintenance and repair, durability; and expression of function in terms of form.

单选题The man had a rather {{U}}shady{{/U}} occupation and made a lot of money within a short period of time.

单选题{{B}}Passage 4{{/B}} The examples placed before a nation are vital. What we constantly observe, we tend to copy. What we reward, we perpetuate. This is why John Glenn himself is almost as important as his flight into outer space, for he dramatized before the eyes of the whole nation the noblest qualities of the human spirit. Outside of the morality-play of our cowboy movies, where the hero always gets the girl and the villain always gets slugged behind the saloons, courage, modesty, quiet patriotism, love of family and religious faith are not exactly the predominant themes of our novels, plays, TV shows, movies or newspapers these days. Yet Glenn dramatized them all coast to coast and around the world. This was no insensitive robot who landed here from the heavens yesterday morning, but a warm and thoughtful human being: natural, orderly, considerate and, at times, quietly amusing and even eloquent. His departure from Cape Canaveral was a technical triumph, but his return was a human triumph. This memorable performance, of course, may not stamp out juvenile delinquency overnight, but the models of the nation--not the uncovered cover girls of today but the larger models of human character--are probably more important than this age believes. When Walter Bagehot, the English editor and scientist, made his famous study 100 years ago of why some nations progressed, he concluded that what a nation admired and despised was almost as important as its military power. "Slighter {{B}}causes{{/B}} than is commonly thought," he said, "may change a nation from the stationary to the progressive state of civilization, and from the stationary to the degrading." It all depended, he insisted, on the model of character emulated or eliminated. If this was true in the middle of the nineteenth century it has even more validity in this age of instantaneous communication. Only a few hundred people heard Lincoln's Gettysburg Address. New models and styles are now set by television every day, but most of them are models of cars and styles of dresses and hairdos. What transcontinental television did for the nation on the Glenn story illustrates the wider application of the idea. It almost made up for what it does to us the rest of the time, but not quite. Meanwhile, the question remains: how many more John Clenns and A1 Shepards are hiding in this country? Outer space is a long way to go to discover a new generation of leaders of men, but if we have to recruit them there, why not? {{B}}Human weightlessness{{/B}} is almost our major problem in Washington and, since these astronauts know more about it than anybody else, maybe a couple of them should be transferred to the thin hot air of the capital. After all, Glenn is 40 and even if he looks like the freshman football coach at Muskingum College he can't go off spinning around the earth without his Annie forever. Once Christopher Columbus had discovered America, Ferdinand and Isabella didn't insist that he go back every Tuesday. Besides, is the moon worth John Glenn when we need him so badly on earth?

单选题She could never Utranscend/U her resentments against her mother's partiality for her brother.

单选题In the past few decades, remarkable findings have been made in ethology, the study of animal social behavior. Earlier scientists had (21) that nonhuman social life was almost totally instinctive or fixed by genetics. Much more careful observation has shown that (22) variation occurs among the social ties of most species, showing that learning is a part of social life. That is, the (23) are not solely fixed by the genes (24) , the learn ing that occurs is often at an early age in a process that is called imprinting. Imprinting is clearly (25) instinctive, but it is not quite like the learning of humans; it is something in between the two. An illustration best (26) the nature of imprinting. Once, biologists thought that ducklings followed the mother duck because of instincts. Now we know that, shortly (27) they hatch, ducklings fix (28) any object about the size of a duck and will henceforth follow it. So ducklings may follow a basketball or a briefcase if these are (29) for the mother duck at the time when imprinting occurs. Thus, social ties can be considera bly (30) , even ones that have a considerable base (31) by genetics. Even among the social insects something like imprinting (32) influence social behav ior. For example, biologists once thought bees communicated with others purely (33) in stinct. But, in examining a "dance" that bees do to indicate the distance and direction of a pollen source, observers found that bees raised in isolation could not communicate effec tively. At a higher level, the genetic base seems to be much more for an all-purpose learn ing rather than the more specific responses of imprinting. Chimpanzees, for instance, gen erally (34) very good mother but Jane Goodali reports that some chimps carry the infant upside down or (35) fail to nurture the young.

单选题{{B}}Passage 3{{/B}} Many critics of the current welfare system argue that existing welfare regulations foster family instability. They maintain that those regulations, which exclude most poor husband and wife families from Aid to Families with Dependent Children assistance grants, contribute to the problem of family dissolution. Thus, they conclude that expanding the set of families eligible for family assistance plans or guaranteed income measures would result in a marked strengthening of the low income family structure. If all poor families could receive welfare, would the incidence of instability change markedly? The unhappily married couple, in most cases, remain together out of a sense of economic responsibility for their children, because of the high costs of separation, or because of the consumption benefits of marriage. The formation, maintenance, and dissolution of the family is in large part a function of the relative balance between the benefits and costs of marriage as seen by the individual members of the marriage. The major benefit generated by the creation of a family is the expansion of the set of consumption possibilities. The benefits from such a partnership depend largely on the relative dissimilarity of the resources or basic endowments each partner brings to the marriage. Persons with similar productive capacities have less economic "cement" holding their marriage together. Since the family performs certain function society regards as vital, a complex network of social and legal buttresses has evolved to reinforce marriage. Much of the variation in marital stability across income classes can be explained by the variation in costs of dissolution imposed by society, e. g. division of property, alimony, child support, and the social stigma attached to divorce. Marital stability is related to the costs of achieving an acceptable agreement on family consumption and production and to the prevailing social price of instability in the marriage partners social economic group. Expected AFDC income exerts pressures on family instability by reducing the cost of dissolution. To the extent that welfare is a form of government subsidized alimony payments, it reduces the institutional costs of separation and guarantees a minimal standard of living for wife and children. So welfare opportunities are a significant determinant of family instability in poor neighborhoods, but this is not the result of AFDC regulations that exclude most intact families from coverage. Rather, welfare instability occurs because public assistance lowers both the benefits of marriage and the costs of its disruption by providing a system of government subsidized alimony payments.

单选题The burglars Uransacked/U the room taking anything of value they found.

单选题The actress lives in a very fashionable ______of town.(2014年厦门大学考博试题)

单选题{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}} Proponents of creating large private sectors as quickly as possible in transition economies offer both political and economic arguments to support their view. They argue that if democracy is to become a viable political system in the countries undergoing transition, the state's monopoly over the bases of political power must be broken so that the countervailing sources of political influence may emerge [Berger, 1991]. Otherwise, the nomenklatura, managers of stateowned firms and former bureaucrats, may sabotage or block economic reforms, as well as loot, dissipate or transfer to their own possession the assets of the firms they manage. By creating property owners, privatization can create an ascent middle class that has a stake in the creation and maintenance of an effective system of property rights and the pursuit of economic policies that would enable the private sector to flourish. The most compelling economic reason for privatizing state-owned enterprises in the transition economies is that as units of production--as distinct from providers of secure employment--they were a failure. Private ownership is thus seen as the means of unlocking gains in productivity by stimulating productive efficiency, offering greater motivation for both managers and workers, and creating incentives to enter new markets and exit declining ones. Privatization, it is argued, will unleash dynamic small businesses, act as a lure for foreign direct investment and speed up the painful process of restructuring industry, and it would accomplish all this while returning property to its rightful historical owners and raising funds for the government. Despite this enticing list of promises, many countries of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union remain reluctant to privatize. Some of the opposition is ideological. Some comes from insiders at state-owned enterprises, both workers and managers, who fear the loss of income and power. More broadly, there are fears that privatization will reduce employment as private owners dismiss redundant workers and that the new private sector will be unlikely to provide the social benefits--like housing, health and nursery care, and recreation, sports and vacation facilities--that state-owned enterprises often provided. At the extreme; there are fears that if privatization exacerbates unemployment and causes declines in production, reformist governments will be swept away. Practical difficulties have compounded this resistance to privatization. The valuations of firms is difficult because capital markets barely exist, accounting statements can be almost meaningless, and profits and sales achieved in the communist era are a poor guide to future viability. Households in these countries do not have sufficient savings to purchase many of the largest firms, and, even if they did have the money, they view former state-owned enterprises as dubious investments. With a rudimentary banking system, loans for the purchase of state property are seen as both risky and inflationary. In this muddled situation, suspicions naturally arise that buyers are benefiting from low prices at the expense of the state.