阅读理解Nooneknowsexactlyhowmanydisabledpeoplethereareintheworld,butestimatessuggestthenumberisover450million.ThenumberofdisabledpeopleinIndiaaloneisprobablymorethandoublethetotalpopulationofCanada.IntheUnitedKingdom,aboutoneintenpeoplehavesomedisability.Disabilityisnotjustsomethingthathappenstootherpeople:aswegetolder,manyofuswillbecomelessmobile,hardofhearingorhavefailingeyesight.Disablementcantakemanyformsandoccuratanytimeoflife.Somepeoplearebornwithdisabilities.Manyothersbecomedisabledastheygetolder.Therearemanyprogressivedisablingdiseases.Thelongertimegoeson,theworsetheybecome.Somepeoplearedisabledinaccidents.Manyothersmayhaveaperiodofdisabilityintheformofamentalillness.Allareaffectedbypeople'sattitudetowardsthem.Disabledpeoplefacemanyphysicalbarriers.Nexttimeyougoshoppingorgotoworkorvisitfriends,imaginehowyouwouldmanageifyoucouldnotgetupsteps,orontobusesortrains.Howwouldyoucopeifyoucouldnotseewhereyouweregoingorcouldnothearthetraffic?Butthereareotherbarriers:prejudicecanbeevenhardertobreakdownandignoranceinevitablyrepresentsbyfarthegreatestbarrierofall.Itisalmostimpossiblefortheable-bodiedtofullyappreciatewhattheseverelydisabledgothrough,soitisimportanttodrawattentiontothesebarriersandshowthatitistheindividualpersonandtheirability,nottheirdisability,thatcounts.
阅读理解Formostpeople,lifeiseasierandmorecomfortablethaneverbefore.Conveniencefoodsfromthesupermarketsimplifyshoppingandcooking.Householdapplianceslikethevacuumcleanerandthewashingmachinehavetakenthedrudgeryoutofhousework.Releasedfromthesehouseholdchores,manywiveshavefoundjobsoutsidethehome.Womenareachievingeconomicindependence.Families,too,aresimplertoday.InAmerica,itisnotcustomaryforparentstolivewiththeirmarriedchildren.Withourgreatermobility,relativeshavescattered,theparentsretiringtoFloridaorArizonaandtheyoungpeople,aftertheymarry,goingwherevertheirjobsortheirparentsortheirintereststakethem.Youngadultwomenhavenewfreedom,too.Whileattendingcollege,theyliveawayfromhome,sometimesfarfromtheirparentsortheirrelatives.Aftercollege,theymovetothecity,findajob,andsetupa'bachelor'apartment.Thisistheeraofwomen'sliberation.Butallthisfreedomandaffluence(富裕)havehadanunforeseenandinsomerespectsadevastating(破坏的)effectonmarriage.
阅读理解A)Thedesiretokeeptherespectofagoodnamepropelledmetobecomethefirstinourfamilytogotocollege.B)ShieldingchildrenfromtheknowledgethattheyhavefailedisanythingbutbeneficialtotheirdevelopmentC)Wemustwakenpeopletotheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.Oritwillbetoolate.D)Tostartwith,itisnotonlymoneythatheworkssohardfor.Heiscommittedtoeducatingtheyoungandtriestomotivatethemtogetaheadinlife.
阅读理解Mostofthepeoplewhoappearmostoftenandmostgloriouslyinthehistorybooksaregreatconquerors,generalsandsoldiers,whereasthepeoplewhoreallyhelpedcivilizationmoveforwardareoftennevermentionedatall.Wedonotknowwhofirstlaunchedaseaworthyboat,orwhocalculatedthelengthoftheyear,butweknowallaboutthekillersanddestroyers.Peoplethinkagreatdealofthem,somuchsothatonallthehighestpillarsinthegreatcitiesoftheworldyouwillfindthefigureofaconqueror,ageneral,orasoldier.AndIthinkmostpeoplebelievethatthegreatestcountriesarethosethathavebeateninbattlethegreatestnumberofothercountriesandruledoverthemasconquerors.Itisjustpossiblethattheyarethegreatest,buttheyarenotthemostcivilized.Animalsfight,sodosavages,hencetobegoodatfightingistobegoodinthewayinwhichananimalorasavageisskilledat,butitisnotcivilized.Evenbeinggoodatgettingotherpeopletofightforyouandtellingthemhowtodoitmostefficiently—this,afterall,iswhatconquerorsandgeneralshavedone—isnotbeingcivilized.Peopledon'tfighttosettlequarrels.Fightingmeanskilling,andcivilizedpeopleoughttobeabletofindsomewayofsettlingtheirdisputeotherthanbyseeingwhichsidecankilloffthegreaternumberoftheotherside.Andthensayingthatsidewhichhaskilledmosthaswon.Andnotonlythatithaswon,but,becauseithaswon,ithasbeenintheright.Forthatiswhatisgoingtomeaninthewar,itmeanssayingthatmightisright.
阅读理解阅读下面文字，完成文后各题。门沿龙应台旧年最末一个晚上，十八岁的华飞去和朋友午夜狂欢。我坐在旅店的窗边，台北冬季的天空洁净，尤其当城市的灯火因贫穷而黯淡，星星就大胆放肆了，一颗一颗堂堂出现。但是星星虽亮，却极度沉默，下面的街头人声鼎沸，乐鼓翻腾。刚从街上的人流里撤回，我知道，像河水般涌动的是情绪激越的观光客，但是暗巷里骑楼下，疲惫的女人正开始收摊，她们赤脚的幼儿蜷在一旁，用破毯子裹着，早睡着了。烟火冲向天空轰然炸开，瞬间的璀璨，极致的炫美，人们雀跃欢呼。这是跨年之夜。可是，这不是神明的生日，不是英雄的诞辰，不是神话中某一个伟大的时刻，不是民族史里某一个壮烈的发生，那么，人们庆祝的究竟是什么呢?想想看，你用什么东西量时间?一只沙漏里细沙流完是一段时间。一炷馨香袅袅烧完是一段时间。一盏清茶，从热到凉，是一段时间。钟表的指针滴答行走一圈，是一段时间。有时候，我们用眼睛看得见的“坏”去量时间。一栋每天路过的熟悉的房子，从围墙的斑驳剥落到门柱的腐蚀倾倒，然后看着它的屋顶一寸寸扩大“垮陷”，有一天野树爬藤从屋中“昂然窜出”，宣告完成一一需要多少时间?有时候，我们用非常细微的“动”去量时间。星星的行走、潮水的涨落、日影的长短，不都是时间的量器?在香港的海滨，我看每天金星出现在海平线的点，冬天和夏天不同。在台北的阳明山上，我看夕阳下沉时碰到观音山脊的那一刹那，春天和秋天也不同。你是否也用过别的量法?孩子小时，我在他们卧房的门沿挂上一个一米半高的木板量尺。每一年孩子的生日，让他们站在门沿背对着尺，把他们的高度用小刀刻下。于是刻度一节一节高升，时间也就一节一节地流走。南美洲有一家人，夫妻俩加五个孩子，每一年的同一天，一家七口一人拍一张大头照，三十年不曾间断。三十年中，红颜夫妻变成老夫老媪，可爱纯真的婴儿变成心事重重的中年人。还有那疯狂的艺术家，突然决定写数字。醒来一开眼就写，连续累积数字，吃饭、坐车、走路、如厕、洗头时不断地写；搭飞机出国时，在飞机的座位上写；到医院看病打针时，在病床上写；到教堂做礼拜时，在教堂的长板凳上写。每分每刻每时写，每天每月每年写，数字愈来愈大，字符串愈来愈长，艺术家这个人，是的，愈来愈老。写“无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来”的时候，杜甫不是在记录时间吗?唱“林花谢了春红，太匆匆”的人，不是在记录时间吗?伦勃朗一年一年画自画像，从少年轻狂画到满目苍凉一一他不是在记录时间吗?农业社会的人们认真地过春分秋分夏至冬至，难道不也是在一个看不见的门沿上，秘密地、一刀一刀刻下时间的印记?所以跨年的狂欢，恐怕也是一种记录时间的集体仪式吧?都市里的人，灯火太亮，已经不再习惯看星星的移动和潮汐的涨落，他们只能抓住一个日期，在那一个晚上，用美酒、音乐和烟火，借着人群的吆喝彼此壮胆，在那看不见的门沿量尺上，刻下一刀。凌晨四时，整个清迈小城在宁静的沉睡中，新的一年悄悄开始。我们行装齐整，离开了旅店，在黑夜中上路，往泰寮边界出发。五个小时的蜿蜒山道，两天的慢船河路，冷冽的空气使人清醒。我在想，在古老的湄公河上啊，时间用什么测量?(本文有删改)
阅读理解Manyayoungpersontellsmehewantstobeawriter.Ialwaysencouragesuchpeople,butIalsoexplainthatthere'sabigdifferencebetween"beingawriter,andwriting".Inmostcasestheseindividualsaredreamingofwealthandfame,notthelonghoursaloneatatypewriter."You'vegottowanttowrite,"Isaytothem,"notwanttobeawriter."Therealityisthatwritingisalonely,privateandpoor-payingaffair.Foreverywriterkissedbyfortunetherearethousandsmorewhoselongingisneverrewarded.WhenIlefta20-yearcareerintheU.S.CoastGuardtobecomeafreelancewriter(自由撰稿者),Ihadnoprospectsatall:WhatIdidhavewasafriendwhofoundmemyroominaNewYorkapartmentbuilding.Itdidn'tevenmatterthatitwascoldandhadnobathroom.Iimmediatelyboughtausedmanualtypewriterandfeltlikeagenuinewriter.Afterayearorso,however,Istillhadn'tgottenabreakandbegantodoubtmyself.Itwassohardtosellastorythatbarelymadeenoughtoeat.ButIknewIwantedtowrite.Ihaddreamedaboutitforyears.Iwasn'tgoingtobeoneofthosepeoplewhodiewondering,Whatif?Iwouldkeepputtingmydreamtothetest------eventhoughitmeantlivingwithuncertaintyandfearoffailure.ThisistheShadowlandofhope,andanyonewithadreammustlearntolivethere.
阅读理解阅读下面的古诗，按要求答题。岁暮到家蒋士铨爱子心无尽，归家喜及辰。寒衣针线密，家信墨痕新。见面怜清瘦，呼儿问苦辛。低回愧人子，不敢叹风尘。
阅读理解Overthepasttenyears,people—especiallyyoungpeople—havecometorealizetheneedtochangetheireatinghabits,becausemuchofthefoodtheyeat,particularlyprocessedfoods,isnotgoodforthehealth.Asaresult,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods:foodswhichdonotcontainchemicalsandwhichhavenotbeenaffectedbythechemicalfertilizerswidelyusedinfarmingtoday.Naturalfoodsincludevegetables,fruitandgrainwhichhavebeengrowninsoilthatisrichinessentialvitaminsandminerals.Thisisanaturalprocess,incomparisonwiththeuseofchemicalsandfertilizers.Inthelattercase,themainpurposeistoincreasetheamount—butnotthequality—offoodsgrownincommercialfarmingareas.Naturalfoodsalsoincludeanimalswhichhavebeenallowedtofeedandmovefreelyintheoutdoors.Comparethiswithwhathappensinthemassproductionofpoultry:insomefarms,forexample,thousandsofchickenslivecrowdedtogether.Chickensraisedinthiswayoftendonottastegoodasfood:theyalsoproduceeggswhichlackimportantvitamins.Thereareotheraspectsofhealthyeatingwhicharenowreceivingincreasingattentionfromexpertsondiet.Take,forexample,thequestionofsugar.Thisisactuallyanon-essentialfood!Althoughanaturalproduct,suchashoney,canbegoodtotaste,wecaninfactdowithoutit.Therearenovitaminsinit,nominerals—andnofiber.Allitdoesisprovideuswithenergy,intheformofcalories.Ofcourse,sugarisnotharmfulinitself,buteatingtoomuchofitwillcauseproblems.ThefactisthatthequantityofsugarweusehasgrownquicklyoverthelasttwohundredyearsandinBritaintodayeachpersonconsumesanaverageof200poundsofsugarayear!Nowadaysfiberisconsideredtobeanessentialpartofahealthydiet.Alotoffiberisfoundinunprocessedflourandinmanyvegetables.However,thefiberhasbeenremovedinfoodslikewhitebread.Insomecountrieswherethenationaldietcontainslargequantitiesofunrefinedflourandvegetables,certaindiseasesarecomparativelyrare.Thatiswhymodernexpertson"healthyeating"placealotofemphasisontheeatingofvegetables.
阅读理解SupposewebuiltarobottoexploretheplanetMars.Weprovidetherobotwithseeingdetectorstokeepitawayfromdanger.Itispoweredentirelybythesun.Shouldweprogramtherobottobeequallyactiveatalltimes?No.Therobotwouldbeusingupenergyatatimewhenitwasnotreceivingany.Sowewouldprobablyprogramittoceaseitsactivityatnightandtowakeupatdawnthenextmorning.Accordingtotheevolutionary(进化的)theoryofsleep,evolutionequippeduswitharegularpatternofsleepingandwakingforthesamereason.Thetheorydoesnotdeny(否认)thatsleepprovidessomeimportantrestorativefunctions.Itmerelysaysthatevolutionhasprogrammedustoperformthosefunctionsatatimewhenactivitywouldbeinefficientandpossiblydangerous.However,sleepprotectsusonlyfromthesortoftroublewemightwalkinto;itdoesnotprotectusfromtroublethatcomeslookingforus.Sowesleepwellwhenweareinafamiliar,safeplace,butwesleeplightly,ifatall,whenwefearthatbearswillnoseintothetent.Theevolutionarytheoryaccountswellfordifferencesinsleepamongcreatures.Whydocats,forinstance,sleepsomuch,whilehorsessleepsolittle?Surelycatsdonotneedfivetimesasmuchrepairandrestorationashorsesdo.Butcatscanaffordtohavelongperiodsofinactivitybecausetheyspendlittletimeeatingandareunlikelytobeattackedwhiletheysleep.Horsesmustspendalmostalltheirwakinghourseating,becausewhattheyeatisverylowinenergyvalue.Moreover,theycannotaffordtosleeptoolongortoodeeply,becausetheirsurvivaldependsontheirabilitytorunawayfromattackers.
阅读理解Ifwewereaskedexactlywhatweweredoingayearago,weshouldprobablyhavetosaythatwecouldnotremember.Butifwehadkeptabookandhadwritteninitanaccountofwhatwedideachday,weshouldbeabletogiveananswertothequestion.Itisthesameinhistory.Manythingshavebeenforgottenbecausewedonothaveanywrittenaccountofthem.Sometimesmendidkeeparecordofthemostimportanthappeningsintheircountry,butoftenitwasdestroyedbyfireorinawar.Sometimestherewasneveranywrittenrecordatallbecausethepeopleofthattimeandplacedidnotknowhowtowrite.Forexample,weknowagooddealaboutthepeoplev/holivedinChina4,000yearsago,becausetheycouldwriteandleavewrittenrecordsforthosewholivedafterthem.Butweknowalmostnothingaboutthepeoplewholivedeven200yearsagoinCentralAfrica,becausetheyhadnotlearnedtowrite.Sometimes,ofcourse,evenifthepeoplecannotwrite,theymayknowsomethingofthepast.Theyhaveheardaboutitfromolderpeople,andoftensongsanddancesandstorieshavebeenmadeaboutmostimportanthappenings,andthesehavebeensungandactedandtoldformanygenerations,formostpeopleareproudtotellwhattheirfathersdidinthepast.Thiswemaycall"rememberedhistory".Someofithasnowbeenwrittendown.Itisnotsoexactorsovaluabletousaswrittenhistoryis,becausewordsaremuchmoreeasilychangedwhenusedagainandagaininspeechthanwhencopiedinwriting.Butwheretherearenowrittenrecords,suchspokenstoriesareoftenveryhelpful.
阅读理解Sportingactivitiesareessentiallymodifiedformsofhuntingbehavior.Viewedbiologically,themodernfootballerisinrealityamemberofahuntinggroup.Hiskillingweaponhasturnedintoaharmlessfootballandhispreyintoagoalmouth.Ifhisaimisaccurateandhescoresagoal,heenjoysthehunter'striumphofkillinghisprey.Tounderstandhowthistransformationhastakenplacewemustbrieflylookbackatourforefathers.Theyspentoveramillionyearsevolving(进化)ascooperativehunters.Theirverysurvivaldependedonsuccessinthehuntingfield.Underthispressuretheirwholewayoflife,eventheirbodies,becamegreatlychanged.Theybecamechasers,runners,jumpers,aimers,throwersandpreykillers.Theycooperatedasskillfulmalegroupattack.Thenabouttenthousandyearsago,afterthisimmenselylongperiodofhuntingthefood,theybecamefarmers.Theirimprovedintelligence,sovitaltotheiroldhuntinglife,wasputtoanewuse-thatofcontrollinganddomesticating(驯养)theirprey.Thehuntbecamesuddenlyoutofdate.Thefoodwasthereonthefarms,awaitingtheirneeds.Therisksanduncertaintiesofthehuntwerenolongeressentialforsurvival.Theskillsandthirstforhuntingremained,however,anddemandednewoutlets.Huntingforsportreplacedhuntingfornecessity.Thisnewactivityinvolvedalltheoriginalhuntingsequences(后果),buttheaimoftheoperationwasnolongertoavoidstarvation.Insteadthesportsmensetofftotesttheirskillagainstpreythatwasnolongeressentialtotheirsurvival.Tobesure,thekillmayhavebeeneaten,buttherewereotherpurposes,muchsimplerofobtainingameatymeal.
阅读理解Ifwewereaskedexactlywhatweweredoingayearago,weshouldprobablyhavetosaythatwecouldnotremember.Butifwehadkeptabookandhadwritteninitanaccountofwhatwedideachday,weshouldbeabletogiveananswertothequestion.Itisthesameinhistory.Manythingshavebeenforgottenbecausewedonothaveanywrittenaccountofthem.Sometimesmendidkeeparecordofthemostimportanthappeningsintheircountry,butoftenitwasdestroyedbyfireorinawar.Sometimestherewasneveranywrittenrecordatallbecausethepeopleofthattimeandplacedidnotknowhowtowrite.Forexample,weknowagooddealaboutthepeoplewholivedinChina4,000yearsago,becausetheycouldwriteandleavewrittenrecordsforthosewholivedafterthem.Butweknowalmostnothingaboutthepeoplewholivedeven200yearsagoincentralAfricabecausetheyhadnotlearnedtowrite.Sometimes,ofcourse,evenifthepeoplecannotwrite,theymayknowsomethingofthepast.Theyhaveheardaboutitfromolderpeopleandoftensongsanddancesandstorieshavebeenmadeaboutthemostimportanthappenings,andthesehavebeensungandactedandtoldformanygenerations,formostpeopleareproudtotellwhattheirfathersdidinthepast.Thiswemaycall"rememberedhistory".Someofithasnowbeenwrittendown.Itisnotsoexactorsovaluabletousaswrittenhistoryis,becausewordsaremuchmoreeasilychangedwhenusedagainandagaininspeechthanwhencopiedinwriting.Butiftherearenowrittenrecords,suchspokenstoriesareoftenveryhelpful.
阅读理解A)Thehappiestpeopledon'tnecessarilyhavethebestthings:theyjustmakethemostofeverythingthatcomesalongtheirway.B)Thoughwehadputforwardaproposaltoreducecost,theboardmembersdidneverappeartotakeitseriously.C)Theperspectiveofthecountryliesontheeducationoftheyoungergeneration,toalargeextent.D)It'sgreatfuntotakepictures,andevenmorefuntorelivetheentiretripbackhomebyshowingslidestofriendsandrelatives.
阅读理解Ihearmanyparentscomplainingthattheirteen-agechildrenarerebelling.Iwishitwereso.Atyourageyououghttobegrowingawayfromyourparents.Youshouldbelearningtostandonyourowntwofeet.Buttakeagoodlookatthepresentrebellion.Itseemsthatteenagersarealltakingthesamewayofshowingthattheydisagreewiththeirparents.Insteadofstrikingoutboldlyontheirown,mostofthemareclutchingat(attemptingtoseize)oneanother'shandsforreassurance.Theyclaimtheywanttodressastheyplease.Buttheyallwearthesameclothes.Theysetoffinnewdirectionsinmusic.Butsomehowtheyallendupcrowdedroundlisteningtothesamerecord.Theirreasonforthinkingoractinginthus-and-suchawayisthatthecrowdisdoingit.Theyhavecomeoutoftheircocoon(蚕茧)intoalargercocoon.Ithasbecomeharderandharderforateen-agertostandupagainstthepopularitywaveandtogohisorherownway.Industryhasfirmlycarvedoutateen-agemarket.Thesedayseveryteen-agercanlearnfromtheadvertisementswhatateen-agershouldhaveandbe.Andmanyoftoday'sparentshavecometowardhighmarksforthepopularityoftheirchildren.Allthisaddsuptoagreatbarrierfortheteen-agerwhowantstofindhisorherownpath.Butthebarrierisworthclimbingover.Thepathisworthfollowing.Youmaywanttolistentoclassicalmusicinsteadofgoingtoaparty.Youmaywanttocollectrockswheneveryoneelseiscollectingrecords.Youmayhavesomethoughtsthatyoudon'tcaretoshareatoncewithyourclassmates.Well,gotoit,Findyourself.Beyourself.Popularitywillcome—withthepeoplewhorespectyouforwhoyouare.That'stheonlykindofpopularitythatreallycounts.
阅读理解阅读下面这首诗，然后回答问题。(2009年真题)《醉花阴》李清照薄雾浓云愁永昼，瑞脑消金兽。佳节又重阳，玉枕纱厨，半夜凉初透。东篱把酒黄昏后，有暗香盈袖。莫道不消魂，帘卷西风，人比黄花瘦。
阅读理解阅读下面的文字，回答问题在山阴道上方令孺撩起窗幕，看初升的红日，可把它五彩的光华撒在湖上了么?可是，湖水呈现着一片冷清清的铅色，天空也云气沉沉。难道今天的旅行又要被风雨来阻挡么?好久以来”故乡”就在吸引着我；百草园和三味书屋，这些美妙的名称，像童话一样，时时在我思想上盘桓。我想看看成亨酒店，土谷祠，还想看看祥林嫂放过菜篮子的小河边……在那浓雾弥漫的黑暗时代，鲁迅先生在那里开始磨砺他的剑锋，终生把持它，划破黑暗，露出曙光。今天我决定要去瞻仰磨剑的圣地。湖水轻轻地拍岸，像是赞同我的决心，天空也对我显出无可奈何的气色。七点钟我们就从北山下乘车前去。这时云雾渐渐稀散，清风吹送着月桂的芳香，阳光从薄云后面透射出来，像放下轻轻的纱帐，爱护似的，笼罩着大地。汽车一转弯，将要到钱塘江大桥了，我看见高大的六和塔，岿然坐在林木蓊郁的山岗上，背负着远山与高空，下临浩渺的白水，气象非常雄伟。在高楼一样的大桥上(钱塘江大桥有两层，底层走火车，上层走汽车，因此说像高楼一样的大桥)，俯看江水，像一条潇洒的阔带，从西面群山之下，一撇而来，越流越宽，向东长逝，到眼睛所能见到的尽头，水和云都融合成一片混沌。山川的壮丽和我心里正在思想的巨人形象，也融合在一起。车在奔驰，风在欢笑，将要成熟的晚稻，沉沉地压在整片大地上。远处是重重叠叠、连绵不断的山峰，山峰青得像透明的水晶，可又不那么沉静，我们的车子奔跑着，远山也像一起一伏的跟着赛跑；萧山、河桥，刚刚落到眼前，却又远远退到车的后面。中午到了绍兴城。我们走在青石铺成的古老的街道上，心情是这样严肃又欢愉，眼睛四处张望，处处都像有生动的故事在牵引人。一片粉墙反映着白日的光辉。新台门的门口簇拥着一群红领巾。他们一看到新来的客人，便又簇拥过来，牵牵客人的衣袖，抚弄客人的围巾，亲密地交谈，并争先要领路。我就和这些孩子们一道拥进了黑漆的大门。这是一座古老朴素的房屋，空阒无人，可是，这方桌，这条台，这窗前的一把椅子都告诉了我们许多故事，就是在这座房子里，鲁迅先生幼年和农民儿子结成朋友；在父亲的病中分担了母亲的忧愁；从这里他认识了封建社会的欺骗与毒辣；被侮辱与损害的究竟是哪一些人!十七岁的时候，在一个刮风下雨的早晨，带了一点简单的行装，辞别了母亲，走出这座黑漆大门，奔向他一生战斗的长途。百草园是芳草萋萋的后院。这是幼年鲁迅的乐园。孩子们在园里跑着，笑着，在那儿寻觅，可还有像人形一样的何首乌?他们又围在亭子旁边，仰着头，望着塑像；孩子们的脸，像朝阳照耀下初开的百合花，眼睛像星星一样的明亮，亮着无限亲切爱慕的光。一座曲折如画的小石桥把我和孩子们引到三味书屋。书房里的陈设，正像鲁迅先生《从百草园到三味书屋》中写的一样，正中的书桌上，现在还放着寿老先生手抄的唐诗。好像这儿刚刚放学，老先生和学生们都吃饭去了。今天，我们的孩子，有了明亮的课室，有了大片的草地，还有细沙铺成的球场。他们有了自由广阔的天地。我这样想着。突然在脑中出现一座勇士的雕像：背着因袭的重担，肩住黑暗的闸门，放他们到宽阔光明的地方去。我抚摸着身边一个孩子的头发，心中油然生出感激的深情。我正在默默地寻思，一只小手伸过来了，又一只，又一只。原来时间已经不早，他们要整队回去了。我们热情地握手，说着：我们还要见面。回来的路上，我们让车在河边慢慢开行。在静静的黄昏里，发光的小河上，滑着一只乌篷船。船尾坐着一个农民，戴着毡帽，有节奏地划动一根大桨。河岸上，有时是稻田，有时又是开着红花、黄花的青草地，草地上有一群牧童在放牛，牛背平得像一块石板，牧童从牛角间爬上爬下，牛万般温存地驯服着。我不知道这可就是著名的山阴道?鲁迅先生在一篇《好的故事》中描写过：我仿佛记得曾坐小船经过山阴道，两岸边的乌桕，新禾，野花，鸡，狗，丛树和枯树，茅屋，塔，伽蓝，农夫和村妇，村女，晒着的衣裳，和尚，蓑笠，天，云，竹……都倒影在澄碧的小河中，随着每一打桨，各各夹带了闪烁的目光，并水里的萍藻游鱼，一同荡漾。……凡是我所经过的河，都是如此。生活本来应该是这样和平、美丽，而且光明，鲁迅先生所说《好的故事》，正是他所想望的好的生活。然而，在昏沉如夜的时代里，人们只能在朦胧的梦中见到，即使是梦，也被打碎!今天，鲁迅先生在三十年前朦胧中看见的”许多美的人和美的事，错综起来像一天云锦，而且万颗奔星似的飞动着”的《好的故事》，不是在天上，也不是在水底，而在我们祖国大地上，到处出现了。并将”永是生动，永是展开，以至于无穷”。转过山路，就看见了反映出暮天幽蓝色的湖水。远处城市，电灯通明，烘托着天空，像一片光的海。一九五六年十月，杭州
阅读理解Believeitornot,opticalillusion(错觉)cancuthighwaycrashes(撞毁).Japanisacaseinpoint.Ithasreducedautomobilecrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimpleopticalillusion.Bentstripes,calledchevrons(人字形),paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyarefasterthantheyreallyare,andthusdriversslowdown.NowtheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyinWashingtonD.C.isplanningtorepeatJapan'ssuccess.Startingnextyear,theFoundationwillpaintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreducehighwaycrashes.Excessivespeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallfatal(致命)trafficaccidents,accordingtotheFoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidents,theFoundationwillcarryitstestsinareaswherespeed-relatedhazards(危险)arethegreatest—curves(弯),exitslopes,trafficcircles,andbridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstraight,horizontalbars(水平障碍物)paintedacrossroadscaninitially(最初)cuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.However,trafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeingthepaintedbars.Chevrons,scientistssay,notonlygivedriverstheimpressionthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare,butalsomakealane(车道)appeartobenarrower.Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftrafficaccidents.
阅读理解阅读下面的文字，回答问题江南的冬景郁达夫①凡在北国过过冬天的人，总都道围炉煮茗，或吃煊羊肉，剥花生米，饮白干的滋味。而有地炉，暖炕等设备的人家，不管它门外面是雪深几尺，或风大若雷，而躲在屋里过活的两三个月的生活，却是一年之中最有劲的一段蛰居异境；老年人不必说，就是顶喜欢活动的小孩子们，总也是个个在怀恋的，因为当这中间，有的萝卜，雅儿梨等水果的闲食，还有大年夜，正月初一元宵等热闹的节期。②但在江南，可又不同；冬至过后，大江以南的树叶，也不至于脱尽。寒风一一西北风一一间或吹来，至多也不过冷了一日两日。到得灰云扫尽，落叶满街，晨霜白得象黑女脸上的脂粉似的清早，太阳一上屋檐，鸟雀便又在吱叫，泥地里便又放出水蒸气来，老翁小孩就又可以上门前的隙地里去坐着曝背谈天，营屋外的生涯了；这一种江南的冬景，岂不也可爱得很么?③我生长江南，儿时所受的江南冬目的印象，铭刻特深；虽则渐入中年，又爱上了晚秋，以为秋天正是读读书，写写字的人的最惠节季，但对于江南的冬景，总觉得是可以抵得过北方夏夜的一种特殊情调，说得摩登些，便是一种明朗的情调。④我也曾到过闽粤，在那里过冬天，和暖原极和暖，有时候到了阴历的年边，说不定还不得不拿出纱衫来着；走过野人的篱落，更还看得见许多杂七杂八的秋花!一番阵雨雷鸣过后，凉冷一点；至多也只好换上一件夹衣，在闽粤之间，皮袍棉袄是绝对用不着的；这一种极南的气候异状，并不是我所说的江南的冬景，只能叫它作南国的长春，是春或秋的延长。⑤江南的地质丰腴而润泽，所以含得住热气，养得住植物；因而长江一带，芦花可以到冬至而不败，红时也有时候会保持得三个月以上的生命。象钱塘江两岸的乌桕树，则红叶落后，还有雪白的桕子着在枝头，一点一丛，用照相机照将出来，可以乱梅花之真。草色顶多成了赭色，根边总带点绿意，非但野火烧不尽，就是寒风也吹不倒的。若遇到风和日暖的午后，你一‘个人肯上冬郊去走走，则青天碧落之下，你不但感不到岁时的肃杀，并且还可以饱觉着一种莫名其妙的含蓄在那里的生气；“若是冬天来了，春天也总马上会来”的诗人的名句，只有在江南的山野里，最容易体会得出。⑥说起了寒郊的散步，实在是江南的冬日，所给与江南居住者的一种特异的恩惠；在北方的冰天雪地里生长的人，是终他的一生，也决不会有享受这一种清福的机会的。⑦江南河港交流，且又地濒大海，潮沼特多，故空气里时含水分。到得冬天，不时也会下着微雨，而这微雨寒村里的冬霖景象，又是一种说不出的悠闲境界。你试想想，秋收过后，河流边三五家人家会聚在一道的一个小村子里，门对长桥，窗临远阜，这中间又多是树枝槎丫的杂木树林。在这一幅冬日农村的图上，再洒上一层细得同粉也似的白雨，加上一层淡得几不成墨的背景，你说还够不够悠闲?若再要点景致进去，则门前可以泊一只乌篷小船，茅屋里可以添几个喧哗的酒客，天垂暮了，还可以加一味红黄，在茅屋窗中画上一圈暗示着灯光的月晕。人到了这一个境界，自然会得胸襟洒脱起来。④一提到雨，也就必然的要想到雪：“晚来天欲雪，能饮一杯无?"自然是江南日暮的雪景。“寒沙梅影路，微雪酒香村”，则雪月梅的冬宵三友，会合在一道，在调戏酒姑娘了。“柴门村犬吠，风雪夜归人”，是江南雪夜，更深人静后的景况。“前树深雪里，昨夜一枝开”又到了第二天的早晨，和狗一样喜欢弄雪的村童来报告村景了。诗人的诗句，也许不尽是在江南所写，而做这几句诗的诗人，也许不尽是江南人，但假了这几句诗来描写江南的雪景，岂不直截了当，比我这一枝愚劣的笔所写的散文更美丽得多?⑨有几年，在江南，在江南也许会没有雨没有雪的过一冬，到了春间阴历的正月底后二月初再冷一冷下一点春雪的。去年的冬天是如此，今年的冬天恐怕也不得不然，以节气推算起来，大约太冷的日子，将在一九三六年的二月尽头，最多也总不过是七八天的样子。象这样的冬天，乡下人叫作旱冬，对于麦的收成或者好些，但是人口却要受到损伤；旱得久了，白喉，流行性感冒等疾病自然容易上身，可是想恣意享受江南的冬录的人，在这一种冬天，倒只会得到快活一点，因为晴和的日子多了，上郊外去闲步逍遥的机会自然也多。⑩窗外的天气晴朗得象晚秋一样；晴空的高爽，日光的洋溢，引诱得使你在房间里坐不住，空言不如实践，这一种无聊的杂文，我也不再想写下去了，还是拿起手杖，搁下纸笔，上湖上散散步罢!一九三五年十二月一日(有改动)
阅读理解A)Onmywayhome,Ihelpedtocatchathiefwhohadrobbedanoldmanofhiswallet.B)OnlyLijunknowshowtogetintouchwithhim.C)AssoonasIwentintotheroom,somebodycametoshowmewheretosit.D)Thedrivertooktheoldladytoanearbyhospitalimmediately.
阅读理解Telephone,television,radio,andtheInternethelppeoplecommunicatewitheachother.Becauseofthesedevices,ideasandnewsofeventsspreadquicklyallovertheworld.Forexample,withinseconds,peoplecanknowtheresultsofanelectioninanothercountry.Aninternationalfootballmatchcomesintothehomesofeveryonewithatelevisionset.Newsofadisaster,suchasaflood,canbringhelpfromdistantcountries.Withinhours,helpisontheway.Becauseofmoderntechnology,informationtravelsfast.Howhasthisspeedofcommunicationchangedtheworld?Tomanypeople,theworldhasbecomesmaller.Ofcourse,thisdoesnotmeanthattheworldisactuallysmaller.Itmeansthattheworldseemssmaller.Twohundredyearsago,communicationbetweencontinentstookalongtime.Allnewswascarriedonshipsthatneededweeksorevenmonthstocrosstheoceans.Intheseventeenthandeighteenthcenturies,uptosixweekswouldbeneededfornewsfromEuropetoreachAmerica.Thistimedifferenceinfluencedpeople'sactions.Forexample,afewbattlesintheWarof1812betweenEnglandandtheUnitedStatescouldhavebeenavoided.Apeaceagreementhadalreadybeensigned.PeacewasmadeinEngland,butthenewsofpeacedidnotreachAmericauntilaftersixweeks.Duringthesixweeks,thelargeandseriousBattleofNewOrleanswasfought.Manypeoplelosttheirlivesafterthepeacetreaty(条约)hadbeensigned.Theywouldnothavediedifthenewshadcomeintime.Inthepast,communicationneededmuchmoretimethanitdoesnow.Thereisagoodreasonwhytheworldseemedsomuchlargerthanitdoestoday.