单选题The airplane, like many other milestone inventions throughout history, was not immediately recognized for its potential. During the very early 1900s, prior to World War I (1914 - 1918), the airplane was degraded mostly to the county-fair circuit, where daredevil pilots drew large crowds but few investors. One exception was the United States War Department, which had long been using balloons to observe the battlefield and expressed an interest in heavier-than-air craft as early as 1898. In 1908, the Wrights demonstrated their airplane to the U.S. Amay's Signal Corps at Fort Myer, Virginia. In September of that year, while circling the field at Fort Myer, Orville crashed while carrying an army observer, Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge. Selfridge died from his injuries and became the first fatality from the crash of a powered airplane. On July 25, 1909, French engineer Louis B16riot crossed the English Channel in a B16riot XI, a monoplane of his own design. Bleriot's channel crossing made clear to the world the airplane's wartime potential, and this potential was further demonstrated in 1910 and 1911, when American pilot Eugene Ely took off from and landed on warships. In 1911, the U.S. Army used a Wright brothers' biplane to make the first live bomb test from an airplane. That same year, the airplane was used in its first wartime operation when an Italian captain flew over and observed Turkish positions during the Italo-Turkish War of 1911 to 1912. Also in 1911, American inventor and aviator Glenn Curtiss introduced the first practical seaplane which was a biplane with a large float beneath the center of the lower wing and two smaller floats beneath the tips of the lower wing.

单选题Where does this conversation probably take place?

单选题The ability to motivate people is a ______ asset. A. priceless B. worthless C. countless D. valueless

单选题—How do you feel about soaps? —Soap operas! ______ I watch them all. I"ve just finished watching Desperate Housewives. —Oh really? So what happened this week then?

单选题You will only be ______ to sit the end-of-course test if you attend 65 percent or more of the lessons in this course.

单选题The famous words“United we stand, divided we fall”were spoken by ___________and the famous speech“I have a dream”was delivered by Martin Luther King.

单选题If you ______ my advice, you ______ your failure now. You ______ your victory.

单选题 Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short pieces of news from BBC or VOA. After each news item and question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

单选题Here is a riddle. I am suspended in the air, I touch nothing, and I am surrounded by lights. Now I dress myself afresh, and now I am naked, and I am in the heat and the cold, by night and by day. Everyone amuses himself by tramping upon me, even the animals abuse and scorn me, and yet I have such treasures hidden in my bosom that he who finds them I can make full of happiness. What is the answer to the riddle?

单选题______, punish him. A. Should anyone misbehave in class B. Anyone should misbehave in class C. Would anyone misbehave in class D. If anyone would misbehave in class

单选题In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a fifteen-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.

单选题The most famous Arts Festival is the ______ International Festival of Music and Drama. It takes place for a period of 3 to 4 weeks between August and September.

单选题Angela told me a while ago that she couldn't wear her ______ sweatshirt because it doesn't go with anything else she has. A. green comfortable dark B. dark green comfortable C. comfortable dark green D. dark comfortable green

单选题Tom's steps had ______ and there was a moment of absolute silence.

单选题—So, do you know where you"d like to go? —______ —Well, from what I hear Vancouver"s great. —Actually, I"ve heard that it"s very expensive and it"s cold all the time.

单选题{{B}}Section D{{/B}} This section consists of one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than two words from the passage for each blank. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage. Sitting in stationary traffic is, at best, a Zen experience. Drivers mired in a jam learn to cede control to the powers that be, becoming at one with the universe as they breathe in the mind-numbing fumes all around. At worst, it is an on-going battle for sanity. But now, according to several groups of researchers in America and Germany, there is something that drivers can do to take back control over the roads. Get adaptive cruise control. And, of course, use it. Adaptive cruise control (ACC) , as its name suggests, is a modified version of traditional cruise control. It employs radar to monitor the road ahead of a vehicle, automatically adjusting that vehicle's speed to maintain a safe distance from the one in front. This is safer than manual driving because it reduces the system's reaction time from nearly a second (human) to practically instantaneous (machine) , thus helping to forestall shunts. But ACC may have a useful side-effect, arising from the fact that another effect of slow human reaction times is to produce traffic jams on apparently open roads. Such jams start when a car slows suddenly to allow, for example, another vehicle to enter the traffic stream. Slow reaction times mean that instead of responding smoothly, the drivers behind such a vehicle often end up slamming on the brakes. That slamming propagates backwards, and before long the traffic is at a standstill. So it makes sense that ACC would reduce not only collisions, but also congestion. What is unexpected is how few vehicles need to have it operating for all to benefit. As Craig Davis of the University of Michigan reports in Physical Review E, only 20% of cars need to employ ACC in order to prevent completely those jams that are caused by a slow lead car on a high-speed, single-lane road. According to Dr. Davis's computer model, even a rate of use of ACC as low as 13% can improve the flow of traffic significantly. ACC is not a panacea. Dr. Davis got less promising results for more complex road conditions, particularly those near junctions. And a similar model built by Boris Kerner, a researcher for Daimlet Chrysler, in Stuttgart, Germany, indicates that in certain bottleneck conditions, ACC may even cause extra congestion. These disappointing results can, however, be ameliorated by shortening the "headway" in ACC-equipped vehicles, according to Martin Treiber of the Dresden University of Technology, also in Germany. Headway is the gap, measured in seconds, that a driver puts between himself and the car ahead. Since ACC reacts more quickly than a human, people who have it fitted can afford to allow less headway. Summary : Stationary traffic can drive people mad. However, according to American and German researchers, adaptive cruise control (ACC) can help drivers take {{U}}(61) {{/U}}. ACC adapts a car's speed to keep a safe distance from the one ahead by using radar to monitor the road ahead. ACC is safer than manual driving because it significantly reduces the system's {{U}}(62) {{/U}}, and collisions and congestion in addition. According to Dr. Davis' computer model, if {{U}}(63) {{/U}} of cars use ACC, the flow of traffic can be improved significantly. However, ACC should not be seen as a panacea. In {{U}}(64) {{/U}} conditions, it may even cause extra jams, according to a computer model. But this situation can be improved by reducing {{U}}(65) {{/U}} in ACC-equipped vehicles.

单选题Kerry: Hi, Joanne. How"s it going? Joanne: Terrible. I just found out I have a chemistry test tomorrow. Kerry: Your professor didn"t tell you until now.9 Joanne: He told us—I just didn"t hear it. Kerry: What"re you going to do? ______ Joanne: I"ll have to, because I also have an exam in French tomorrow.

单选题There is unfortunately a ______ between the petty cash slips and the actual money in the tin. A. variety B. variance C. discrepancy D. differentiation

单选题WhatIsGoodWritingforChildren?Thechildren'spublisherswilltellyoutheylookfor"goodwriting".Whatexactlydotheymean?Beforeyousendastoryyouhavewrittentoanypublisheratall,yourseverestcriticoughttobeyouyourself.Tohaveachanceofsucceedinginthecompetitivemarketofchildren'sfiction,youshouldconstantlybeaware,everysingletimeyousitdownatyourword-processor,oftheneedtoproduce"good,originalwriting".Adifficulttask,maybe,butonewhichhopefullywewillhelpyoutoachieve.Tobeginwith,letustrytopindownexactlywhatpublishersmeanwhentheytalkabout"goodwriting"forchildren.Ausefulstartingpointwouldbetotakealookatsomeofthechildren'sbookswhichwonliteraryprizeslastyear.Readingthesebooksisoneoftheeasiestandmostenjoyablewaysof:(a)findingoutwhatindividualpublishersarepublishingatthemoment,and(b)learningafewtricksofthetradefromwell-establishedprofessionals.Itgoeswithoutsaying,ofcourse,thatslavishlycopyingthestyleandsubjectmatterofasuccessfulauthorisusuallyarecipefordisaster.Norshouldyoubecomedownheartedafterreadingaparticularlybrilliantpieceofwork,andmiserablythinkyouwillneverbeabletomatchuptothosestandards.Remember.overnightsuccessisrare-mostsuccessfulchildren'sauthorswillhavestruggledlongandhardtolearntheirtrade.Readthesebooksasacritic;notedownthethingsyouenjoyedoradmired,aswellasareaswhereyoufeeltherewaspossiblyroomforimprovement.Afterall,nobodyisperfect,notevenasuccessful,prize-winningauthor.Possiblythetoughestchallengeisrightattheyoungestendoftheagerange-thepicturebook.Thewould-beauthor/illustratorisattemptingtocreateanexcitingstoryoutofthenarrow,limited,everydayworldofayoungchild'sexperience-noteasyatall.Thewholestorylinehastobestrongenoughtokeepthereaderturningthepages,yetsimpleenoughtofitintoafewpages.Anotherproblemforthenewpicture-bookauthorsisthatitcanseemthateverysubjectandeveryapproachhasbeendonetodeath,withnothingnewlefttosay.Addtothisthefactthatprintingcostsarehighbecauseoffullcolourillustrations,whichmeansthatthepublisherwillprobablywantatextthatsuitstheinternationalmarkettoincreasesales,andanovelforten-yearolds,withhardlyanypicturesatall,startstolookmuchmoreinviting.Youwouldbeforgivenforwonderingifthereareanytrulyoriginalplotslefttoimpresspublisherswith.Butrememberthat,inmanyways,itisthewriter'sownpersonalstyle,andintelligenthandlingofasubjectthatcanchangeafamiliar,overworkedplotintosomethingoriginalandflesh.Toillustratethis,readTheEnchantedHorsebyMagdalenNabb.AyounggirlcalledIrinafindsanoldwoodenhorseinajunkshop,takesithomeandtreatsitasifitwasreal.Soonitmagicallystartstocometolife...Soundsfamiliar?Themagicobjectthatcomesaliveisastorylinethathasbeenusedinhundredsofotherchildren'sstories.Sowhydoesitsucceedhere?TheansweristhatMagdalenNabbhascreatedastrong,believablecharacterinthelonely,unhappyheroineIrina,andthedescriptionsofherrelationshipwiththewoodenhorsearepoeticandtouching.So,toreturntothequestionaskedatthebeginning:Whatexactlyis"goodwriting"forchildren?Theansweristhatitiswritingwhichisflesh,excitingandunpredictable,andwhichgivesanewandoriginalangleonwhatmightbeawellwornsubject.Butdonotbeputoffifyoufeelthatyousimplycannotmatchuptoalltheserequirements.Whilethereisobviouslynosubstitutefortalent,andtheabilitytocomeupwithsuitableideas,manyofthetechniquesforimprovingandpolis-hingyourmanuscriptcanbelearned.