Activelearningoccurswhenalearnertakessomeresponsibilityforthedevelopmentoftheactivity,emphasizingthatasenseofownershipandpersonalinvolvementisthekeytosuccessfullearning.Unlesstheworkthatlearnersdoisseentobeimportanttothemandtohavepurposeandunlesstheirideas,contributionsandfindingsarevalued,littleofbenefitislearned.________Itcaninvolvereading,writing,listening,talkingorworkingwithtools,equipmentandmaterials,suchaspaint,wood,chemicals,andsoon.Inasimplesense,itislearningbydoing,bycontrastwithbeingtold.________Experientiallearningisalsolearningbydoingbutwiththeadditionalfeatureofreflectionuponbothactionandtheresultsofaction:onlywherepupilsare"engagedactivelyandpurposivelyintheirownlearningisthetermexperientialappropriate".Bothactivelearningandexperientiallearningcontributetomeaningfullearning.________Asateacher,theyenableyoutospendmoretimewithgroupsorindividuals,whichallowsbetter-qualityformativeassessmentandfeedbacktotakeplace.Activelearningcanalsoenhanceyoursupportforlearnerswithspecialeducationalneeds.Activitymethodsencourageautonomouslearningandproblem-solvingskills,importanttobothacademicandvocationallybasedwork.Thereis,ofcourse,anextrademandonyouintheplanningandpreparationoflessons.Theadvantagesofactivelearningtopupilsincludegreater,personalsatisfaction,moreinteractionwithpeers,promotionofsharedactivityandteamwork,greateropportunitiestoworkwitharangeofpupils,andopportunitiesforallmembersoftheclasstocontributeandrespond.Itcanencouragemutualrespectandappreciationoftheviewpointofothers.________Theproverb"Tellme,andIwillforget.Showme,andImayremember.Involveme,andIwillunderstand"wasreformulatedbyaprominenteducationalistas"IdoandIamevenmoreconfused".Theessentialsteptolearningandunderstandingisreflectionthroughdiscussionwithothers,especiallytheteachers:suchdiscussionsinvolve"thinking"aswellasrecalling:thatis,experientiallearning.________Bypromotingactivitiesthatengagepupilsandrequirethemtoparticipateinthetaskfromtheoutset,teachersencourageanapproachtolearningthatisbothskills-basedandattitude-based.Activelearningmethodspromotehabitsoflearningthatitishopedarevaluableintheworkplace,thehomeandgenerallyenhancepupils'capabilitytocopewitheverydaylife.Schoolcanbeaplacewherepupilslearntodothingswellandincertainways,therebydevelopingskillsthatareusedthroughoutlife.Forexample,pupilslearntoconsultadictionaryorathesaurusinbookform,aspartofawordprocessingprogramoronlineinordertofindmeaningsortochecktheirspellingandgrammar.Theseskillsbecomehabits,capableofreinforcementanddevelopment.Reinforcementleadstoimprovedperformance.However,unlessteacherscanengagepupilswiththeirneedtoknow,learningisdoneundersufferance,leadingtoproblems.Suchproblemsmayincludepoorrecallofanythinglearnedorrejectionoflearningtasks,whichinturnmayleadtobehaviorproblems.Questions61to65ChoosefromthesentencesA—Gtheonewhichbestfitseachgapof61—65.Therearetwoextrasentenceswhichyoudonotneedtouse.A.Activelearningstrategiesbenefitbothteachersandpupils.B.Beforewecanbegintounderstandwhyweshouldwanttoencourageactivelearningweneedtothinkaboutwhatlearningis.C.Activelearningcanalsobedefinedaspurposeful,interactionwithideas,conceptsandphenomena.D.Itisimportanttorealizethatlearningbydoing,byitself,isnotenoughtoensurelearning.E.Learninghowtolearnisafeatureofactivelearning.F.However,youmightalsowanttodevelopamoresophisticatedmodelofactivelearninginrelationtoyourownpractice.G.Activelearningmaybelinkedtoexperientiallearning.

Readthefollowingpassage.ChoosefromthesentencesA—Gtheonewhichbestfitseachgapof61—65.Therearetwoextrasentenceswhichyoudonotneedtouse.Formostofhumanhistory,"business"wasdoneonetoone—peopletradedgoodsandserviceswitheachotherindividually,asfamilies,orassmalltribalgroups.________Theywerefarmers,tailors,laborers,soldiers.Theyexchangedtheirgoodsorservicesforeverythingelsetheyneeded.Regionsstartedtospecializeinafewtypesofgoodsandservicesandcommencedregulartradingwithotherregions.Societiescreatedcurrency,whichallowedpeopletoselltheirworkformoneyandthenusethatmoneytobuytheworkofothers.Urbanareasgrewandbusinesspracticesexpanded.Eventually,severaltradespeoplejoinedtogethertomakeonelargerbusinessenterprise—acompany.Inthemid16thcentury,theMuscovyCompanyhadamonopolyontraderoutesfromEnglandtoRussia—theonlywaytoshipthingsbetweenEnglandandRussiawastopayMuscovy.In1555,itbecamethefirstjoint-stockcompany.Ajoint-stockcompanyisoneinwhichinvestorsgivemoneytohelpacompanyexpandoperations.Theythenreceiveaportionoftheprofitthatthecompanymakes.Theinvestorsownstockinthecompany.Muscovy'ssuccessinspiredmanyimitators.Joint-stockcompaniessoonstartedtomultiply.________Inthe1670s,theEnglishEastIndiaCo.becamethefirstcompanytooffermanydifferenttypesofproductsandservices,andtohaveparalleloperationsinmanycountriesatthesametime—thefirstmultinationalcorporation.Itreachedtheheightofitspowerinthelate17thandearly18thcenturies.TheEastIndiaCo.evenbecameamilitaryforce.Itoccupiednationsandcreateditsowncurrency.ItmonopolizedtradebetweenEastandWestintea,opium,andgunpowder.________ItdominatedtheU.S.oilindustry.PeoplesaidthatStandardOilwasamonopolyandthatthiswaswrong.Rockefellerdefendedhiscompany:"Wewereallinasinkingshipifcompetitioncontinued."ForRockefeller,monopoliesweregood.Competitionpreventedcompaniesfromgrowinglargeenoughtoprovidecertainservicessocietyneeded.Somepublicutilities(electricity,water,trashremoval)stilloperateasmonopolies.Thisallowslocalgovernmenttocontrolandmonitorthequalityoftheseservicesonbehalfofthepeopleusingthem.________Intheearlypartofthe20thcentury,companiesneededtocompetewitheachothertoattractcustomers.Thismeantthatpeoplehadmorechoicesaboutwhattheybought.Pricewentdownandqualitywentup.GeneralMotors(GM)executiveAlfredSloanadoptedapolicythatcorrespondedtothesechangesinthemarketableandpeople'sexpectations.Hedeclaredin1924thathiscompanywouldhave"acarforeverypurseandpurpose."GMwouldputthecustomerfirst,notthecompany.This"customer-first"principlechangedtheautomotiveindustry,andmadeGMoneofthemostsuccessfulbusinessesintheUnitedStates.________Inthe1970s,traderMichaelMilkenstartedworkingwith"junkbonds".Thesewerehigh-riskinvestmentsthathadthepotentialtoincreasemanytimesinvalue.Thepossibilityofhighreturnsinasmallinvestmentinducedthousandsandthousandsofpeopletobuyjunkbonds.Milkenbecamerichandfamous.Soon,however,mostofthesehighriskinvestmentsfailed.Investorslostmillionsofdollars.In1989,Milkenwenttojailforfraud,fortrickingpeopleintobuyingsomethingthatwasactuallyworthless.Questions61to65A.MostofthemwantedtocontroltraderoutesfromEuropetotheNewWorld.B.Formostbusiness,however,Rockefeller'sideasaboutcompetitionprovedtobewrong.C.Businessinthenewmillenniumischangingyetagain.D.Findingworkerswiththerighteducationalbackground,workexperience,andlanguageskillscanalsobeverydifficult.E.Astimewentonandsocietiesformed,peoplebegantospecialize,todevotetheirtimeandenergytoonetypeofwork.F.Asmoreandmorecompaniesexpandedintocorporationsinthe1950sand60s,peoplefoundnewwaystomakemoneyfromsuccessful,andunsuccessful,businesses.G.Bythe1870s,manycorporationshadbecomestrongandpowerful.JohnD.Rockefeller,forexample,builttheStandardOilCompanyintoahuge,super-efficientcorporation.

For some time now, world leaders ______ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.

— We've managed to reduce the energy consumption in our factory by about 15 percent in the last two years.— That's excellent. How have you managed that?— Mainly because we've invested in a heat recovery system. We use the exhaust gases from our printing presses to provide energy to heat our dryers.—______— Most of our power comes from hydro-electric plants. We're hoping to use even more energy from alternative sources in the future—perhaps even wind power.

{{B}}Part Ⅶ Writing{{/B}}

【T1】故宫，旧称“紫禁城”，总面积达72万多平方米。(knownas)故宫是明清时期的皇宫，也是中国现存最大、最完整的古建筑群。故宫始建于公元1406年，1420年基本竣工。在它500多年的历史长河中，曾有24位皇帝在此居住过。【T2】虽经明清时期的多次改造和扩张，故宫仍保持原来的布局(layout)。(despite)故宫被联合国教科文组织列入“世界文化遗产”名录后辟为“故宫博物院”。它是一个可移动文物的宝库，与此同时，也是国家5A级旅游景区。2012年，故宫博物院的最高单日客流量超过18万人，每年的客流量超过1500万人。【T3】它可以被视为世界上最繁忙的博物馆。(regard…as)【T4】红墙背后的许多日常生活细节已经消失在历史的长河中。(disappear)这个传统的建制通常与皇室和阶级有关，远离了普通人的生活。近年来，故宫博物院通过一系列创造性的努力，如整合数字媒体和技术等，尽量不再封闭，从而赢得了公众的广泛赞誉。所以，是不是互联网的发展改变了博物馆作为“宝库”的传统角色呢?【T5】我们如何让传统文化瑰宝在保持原有韵味的同时实现现代转变?(give…amoderntwist)

What was the man going to do according to the conversation?

{{B}}Section C{{/B}}

{{B}}Part Ⅴ Translation{{/B}}

{{B}}Section A{{/B}}

你走后如果有你的信件，我会转寄给你。(send on)

Wheredotigerslive?North-easternChina,theIndiansubcontinent,andtheRussianFarEastareallhometodifferentspeciesofthisbeautifulbigcat,butmaybenotformuchlonger.Accordingtoarecentstudybyleadingconservationists,thewildtigerisnowclosertoextinctionthanpreviouslyrealized.Infact,itisthoughtthattherearefewerthan5000tigersexistinginthewildaroundtheworld.Illegalhuntingisahugefactor.Mostcountrieshavelawsthatprohibitthehuntingandtradeoftheseanimals,butthetemptationforlocalpoachersisgreat.Apoorvillagercanearnupto60timeshisdailyearningsbytrappingandkillingonetiger.Thismoneymayguaranteethesurvivalofhisfamily.Thedeadtigerishandedovertoamiddleman,whothenoftensmugglesitabroad.Itsfurmayenduphangingonawallanditsbonesmaybeusedformedicinalpurposes.Theotherfactoraffectingthesurvivalofthewildtigeristhereductionoftheirnaturalhabitat.Whenmanmovesintoanareathatwaspreviouslytigerterritory,thetigerlosesitsnaturalpreysincethevillagersoftenhuntsuchanimalsfortheirownfood.Thenthetigergoesafterthevillagers'cowsandgoats,andsoitbecomesthehunted.Anotherproblemwithreducedhabitatisthatthetigerswillnotcrossopenland,sotheycannotgettoisolatedareasofforesttobreedwithothertigers.OnecountrythathastakenactionoverthecompetitionforhabitatisRussia.TheancientforestsofSouthernSiberiaarebeingloggedfortheirincreasinglyexpensivetimber.Theseloggers,a-longwiththepoachingoftigersandtheirprey,haveposedaseriousthreattothesurvivalofthetigerpopulation.However,since1992theWildlifeConservationSociety(WCS)hasbeencarryingoutTheSiberianTigerProject.Byattachingradiocollarstothetigerstheycantracetheirmovementsandgatherawealthofinformationabouttheirhabits.Inthisway,theRussiangovernmenthasbeenprovidedwithinvaluablesupportandadvice.The'TigerResponseTeam',aspecialunitoftheRussiangovernment,takesactivestepstowardsresolvingtheproblemsbetweentigersandhumans.Oneaimistokeeptigersawayfromhumansettlements.Theteamusesfireworksorevenelectrifieddeadanimalstodeterthetigersfromapproachingvillages.Sometimesthetigersarecapturedandsimplymovedtootherareas.Iftheanimalisconsideredtoodangerous,itmaybetakentoazooontheothersideoftheworld.Atleastinaprotectedenvironmentlikethis,scientistsareabletostudywildtigersinawaythattheycouldnotintheirnaturalhabitat.Also,captivebreedingprogrammesareawaytoincreasetigernumbers:theycanbeusedtointroducegeneticvariabilityintothewildtigerpopulation.TheWCSalsoconsidersthemanagementofthetigers'preyessentialtotheprogramme.Thisrequirestheestablishmentoflargeareasofhabitatforboththetigersandtheirpreytocoexist.Thiscanbeachievedthroughproperlymanagedwildlifetourism.Tourismcangeneratemoneyandjobsforlocalpeople,aswellascreatingopportunitiestoconservesuitablelandfortigerstoliveon.Itisalsoanexcellentwaytoeducatethelocalsandtouristsinconservationissues.Thereisnoclearsolutiontosavingthetiger,butthereisstillgreatpressurefromconservationsocietiesandenvironmentalgroupstoensureitssurvival.Wewillonlybeabletodothisifwecanfindabalancebetweentheneedofpeopletoearnalivingandtheneedtopreservethetigers'habitat.Questions71to75Completethesummarybelowwithinformationfromthepassage,usingnomorethanthreewordsforeachblank.Oneofthethreatstothesurvivalofthewildtigeris________,althoughitishardtoputtheblameonthepoorwhohavedonethis.________isanotherthreattotheirsurvival.Tigersaretrappedinsmallareasofforestandthereisnolongerany________forthemtohunt.Varioussolutionshavebeensuggested.Scientistshavebeenstudyingthetigers'habitssothattheycanhelpsolvetheproblemsbetweenpeopleandthetigers.Sometimestigersarecaughtandtakentozoos,wheretheyareusedinbreedingprogrammestointroduce________intothewildtigerpopulation.Wildlifetourismcangeneratemoneyandjobsforlocalpeopleandisalsousefulinhelpingto________andtourists.Whiletherearestillalotofproblemsbetweentigersandhumans,therearealotofpeoplewhoareworkinghardtosavetheserareanimals.

{{B}}Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure{{/B}}

{{B}}Section A{{/B}}

Which of the following statements best describe the condition of the passengers?

{{B}}Section B{{/B}}

They took ice-axes with them______they needed to cut steps in the ice.

True patriotism______putting the interests of one's country above everything, including one's own life.

{{B}}Section A{{/B}}

{{B}}Task Ⅱ{{/B}}