填空题Continuing Education 1 People around the world agree that education is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate students only for the aim of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life. Life is varied; so is education. 2 Ideas about education are more specified in the United States. Education today is not just a high school diploma or a college degree. Many adults are not interested in going to college. They are interested in other kinds of learning. For them, learning does not end with a diploma. 3 Continuing education gives these adults the opportunity to increase their knowledge about their own field or to learn about a new field. It also gives them a chance to improve their old skills or to learn new ones. Scientists, mechanics, secretaries, barbers and cooks can take classes to improve their work skills. If they know more or learn more, they can get a better job or earn more money. 4 Continuing education classes give more adults the chance to learn new skills. There is usually a large variety of classes to choose from: typing, foreign cooking, photography, auto repair, furniture repair, or swimming. There are only some of the classes available. 5 Some adults take classes for fun or because the class will be useful for them. Other adults take continuing education classes to improve their own lives because they want to feel better about themselves. 6 Almost any community college or public school system has a continuing education program. There are classes in schools, community buildings or churches. Most classes are in the evenings, so working people can attend. The classes are usually small, and they are inexpensive. A Ideas bout education in the U. S. B Advantages of continuing education C Good opportunity to learn new skills D Most classes are in the evening E Working people have easy access F Education helps cooks find a better job

填空题Goal of American Education Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone—not just for a privileged elite. Schools aye expected to meet the needs of every child ,regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself. (46) It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing, sewing, radio repair, computer programming or driver training, along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics, history, and languages. (47) The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or he," own possibilities, and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness. (48) Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns. The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal, but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts. (49) Students spend much time, learning how to use resource materials, libraries, statistics and computers. Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives. (50) This is America's answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast - moving time : "How can one prepare today's child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand?"A. Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts.B. Students choose their curricula (课程) depending Oil their interests, future goals, and level of ability.C. Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities.D. This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects.E. Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and "Americanizing" the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from ninny different backgrounds and origins.F. Education is an enormous and expensive part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety.

填空题下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。{{B}}BombExplosionsinThailand{{/B}}ThenewyearcelebrationinThailandwasshatteredbyviolence,whenninebombsexplodedacrossBangkokaroundmidnight.ThreeThaicitizenswerekilledandmorethan30injured.Amongtheinjured,sixwereforeigners.NoChinesecasualtieswerereported,theChineseEmbassyinBangkok,thecapital,saidonMonday.{{U}}(46){{/U}}ButotherembassieshaveadvisedtheircitizenstoavoidtravelingtoBangkok."Thereisapossibilityoffurtherattacksincomingdays,"saidatraveladvisory(公告)fromAustralia."AustraliansareurgedtoavoidunnecessarytravelinBangkok."NoterroristgroupclaimedresponsibilityforthebombingsbyTuesday.{{U}}(47){{/U}}BombingsandshootingsoccuralmostdailyinThailand'sthreesouthernmostprovinces.Yala,NaarathiwatandPattanihaveadominantMuslimpopulationandhavelongcomplainedofneglect(忽视)anddiscrimination(歧视)inthelargelyBuddhist(佛教徒的)nation.TheyhaveaskedforindependenceandaseparateIslamic(伊斯兰的)state.Since2004,theinsurgents(叛乱者)havecarriedoutnumerousattacksinthesouthandmorethan1,900peoplehavebeenkilled.{{U}}(48){{/U}}ButThaiPrimeMinisterSurayudChulanontsaidonMondaythatdomesticpoliticsratherthantheMusliminsurgencywasbehindthebombings."Itislikelyrelatedtopeoplewholosttheirpoliticalbenefits,"Surayudsaid,referringtoThaksinShinawatra.{{U}}(49){{/U}}Surayudwaslaterappointedinterim(临时的)primeminister.Thaksin,however,stillenjoyswidespreadsupport,especiallyinthecountryside.{{U}}(50){{/U}}Thaksin'slawyer,NoppadolPatama,deniedhisclient'sinvolvementinthebombings,accordingtoalocalwebsite.ASomebelievetheexplosionsweretheworkofMuslimseparatists.BSomebelievethatseveralseniorarmyofficersloyaltoThaksinplottedthebombingswithousted(赶下台)politicianstodiscredit(败坏名声)thegovernment.CThaksinwasoustedinamilitarycoup(政变)lastSeptember.DTheThaiGovernmenthasbeenunabletocontroltheviolence,thoughthousandsoftroopshavebeensenttothesouth.ETheembassyissuednotravelwarnings.FNobodyistoblame.

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择 5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}} Read With Greater Speed{{/B}} Do you have difficulty reading in class? If so, a special reading program that helps match sounds with letters could speed up your brain. At least one out of every five elementary school students in the US has trouble learning to read, even when the students are good at other subjects.{{U}} (46) {{/U}} Researchers from Yale University, US, studied e group of child,-en from New York and Connecticut State. As part of the study, 37 struggling readers received special tutoring. Every day, instructors worked with them on recognizing how written letters represent units of sound called phonemes (音素){{U}} (47) {{/U}} By the end of the school year, these children could read faster than before. They also made fewer mistakes, and understood more of what they read than they could earlier in the year. As part of their study, the researchers used a special machine to take action photos of the Students' brains.{{U}} (48) {{/U}}This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when good readers read. This activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognize familiar written words quickly. In lower level readers, this structure remains inactive. A year later, the brain structure was still working hard in the students who had gone through the special tutoring, and they continued to do well in reading Tests.{{U}} (49) {{/U}} However, some researchers still doubt the study.{{U}} (50) {{/U}}A. Many adults are interested in matching sounds with letters.B. The students also practiced reading aloud and spelling,C. The biggest challenge for many of these kids, scientists say, is matching sounds with letters.D. Another group in the study who went through a more traditional reading program didn't show the same progress.E. The pictures showed an increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side.F. They believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient.

填空题The iPad 1. The iPad is a tablet computer (平板电脑) designed and developed by Apple. It is particularly marketed as a platform for audio and visual media such as books, periodicals, movies, music, and games, as well as web content. At about 1.5 pounds (680 grams), its size and weight are between those of most contemporary smartphones and laptop computers. Apple released the iPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days. 2. The iPad runs the same operating system as iPod Touch and iPhone. It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for iPhone. Without modification, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store. 3. Like iPhone and iPod Touch, the iPad is controlled by a muhi-touch display—a break from most previous tablet computers, which uses a pressure triggered stylus(触控笔). The iPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse(浏览) the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to GSM 3G data networks. The device is managed and synchronized by iTunes on a personal computer via USB cable. 4. An iPad has different features and applications. One can use it to execute different and interesting things. There are lots of iPad appliations that the owner can use to enhance the way they communicate. Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options. One of the most common uses is for e-mail services. The iPad applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts. 5. While the iPad is mostly used by consumers, it also has been taken up by business users. Some companies are adopting iPads in their business offices by distributing or making available iPads to employees. Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients, medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams and managers approving employee requests. A survey by Frost & Sullivan shows that iPad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employee productivity, reduced paperwork and increased revenue.

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字。请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}}Crime Cycles Throughout the Year{{/B}} Crime has its own cycles, a magazine reported some years age. Police records that were studied for five years from over 2,400 cities and towns show a surprising link between changes in the season and crime patterns. The pattern of crime has varied very little over a long period of years. Murder reaches its high during July and August, as do rape and other violent attacks. Murder, moreover, is more than seasonal: it is a weekend crime. {{U}}(46) {{/U}}. Unlike the summer high in crimes of bodily harm, burglary has a different cycle. You are most likely to be robbed between 6 p.m. and 2 a.m. on a Saturday night in December, January or February. The most uncriminal month of all? {{U}}(47) {{/U}}. More dog bites are reported in this month than in any other month of the year. {{U}} (48) {{/U}}. Professor Huntington, of the Foundation for the Study of Cycles, made extensive studies to discover the seasons when people read serious books, attend scientific meetings, make the highest scores on examinations, and propose the most changes to patents, in all instances, he found a spring peak and an autumn peak separated by a summer low. On the other hand, Professor Huntington's studies indicated that June is the peak month for suicides and admissions to mental hospitals. {{U}}(49) {{/U}}. Possibly, soaring thermometers and high humidity bring on our strange and terrifying summer actions, but police officials are not sure. "There is, of course, no proof of a connection between humidity and murder," they say. {{U}}(50) {{/U}}. A. It is also a nighttime crime: 62 percent of murders are committed between 6 p. m. and 6 a, m. B. Because they are surprised that so many people get married in June. C. May—except for one strange statistic. D. "Why murder's high time should come in the summertime we really don't know." E. June is also a peak month for marriages! F. Apparently our intellectual seasonal cycles are completely different from our criminal tendencies.

填空题A．than more recent onesB．the killing efficiency for older eruptionsC．has remained controversialD．Wignall's calculations as acceptableE．has been known to us allF．his ideas

填空题阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 {{B}} Volts from the Sky{{/B}} 1．Lightning has caused awe and wonder since old times. Although Benjamin Franklin demonstrated lightning as an enormous electrical discharge more than 200 years ago, many puzzles still surround this powerful phenomenon. 2．Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground's surfaces, making it become positively charged, The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points. 3．A flow of electrons begins between the cloud and earth. When the voltage charge becomes large enough, it breaks through the insulating barrier of air, and electrons zigzag earthward. We see the discharge as lightning. 4．Lightning can occur within a cloud, between clouds, or between clouds and the ground. The first variety, intra-cloud lightning, is the most frequent but is often hidden from our view. Cloud-to -ground lightning, making up about 20 percent of lightning discharges, is what we usually see lightning comes in several forms, including sheet, ribbon, and ball, Intra-cloud lightning can illuminate a cloud so it looks like a White sheet, hence its name. When cloud-to-ground lightning occurs during strong winds, they can shift the lightning channel sideways, so it looks like a ribbon. The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds. 5．Thunder is generated by the tremendous heat released in a lightning discharge second. This sudden heating acts as an explosion, generating shock waves we hear as thunder. 6．About 2,000 thunderstorms are occurring in the world at any time, generating about 100 lightning strikes every second, or 8 million daily. Within the United States, lightning strikes are estimated at 20 million a year, or about 22,000 per day. You have a 1-in-600,000 chance of being struck by lightning during your lifetime. Lightning can strike twice or more in the same spot. The Empire State Building in New York is struck by lightning about two dozen times annually. 7．You can measure how far you are from a lightning strike by counting the seconds between viewing the flash and hearing the bang, and then dividing by five. This approximates the mileage.

填空题How We Form First Impression 1 We all have first impression of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her—aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits. 2 The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in how a person"s eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different. In fact, your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information—the sights and sounds of your world. These incoming "signals" are compared against a host of "memories" stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new signals "mean". 3 If you see someone you know and like at school, your brain says "familiar and safe". If you see someone new, it says, "new-potentially threatening". Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other "known" memories. The height, weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures, and tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics are, the more your brain may say, "This is new. I don"t like this person". Or else, "I"m intrigued". Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures—like your other friends; so your brain says, "I like this person". But these preliminary "impressions" can be dead wrong. 4 When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people—their history, interest, values, strengths, and true character—we categorize them as jocks, geeks, or freaks. 5 However, if we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of the person"s character, we use a different, more mature style of thinking—and the most complex areas of our cortex, which allow us to be humane.

填空题Washoe Learned American Sign Language 1 An animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington. Washoe had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language. She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language. Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language. 2 Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966. In 1969, the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example, Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas. She also asked questions like, "Who is coming to play?" Once the news about Washoe spread, many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed. 3 However, critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers. They said she had never developed true language skills. Even now, there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory, and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree. Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg, Washington. There, Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees, which are still alive. 4 Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believes Washoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today, there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time. 5 Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet, one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence. A Reason Why Not Many Scientists Carry out This Research Nowadays B Report about Washoe's Progress in Learning Sign Language C General Information about Washoe D The Gardeners' Contributions Recognized E Debate on Chimps' Intelligence F Washoe's Love for Three Young Chimps

填空题 {{B}}Why Do People Shrink?{{/B}} Did you ever see the movie Honey, l shrunk the kids? It's about a wacky dad (who's also a scientist) who accidentally shrinks his kids with his homemade miniaturizing invention. Oops!{{U}} (1) {{/U}} For older people, shrinking isn't that dramatic or sudden at all. It takes place over years and may add up to only one inch or so off of their adult height (maybe a little more, maybe less), and this kind of shrinking can't be magically reversed, although there are things that can be done to stop it or slow it down.{{U}} (2) {{/U}} There are a few reasons. As people get older, they generally lose some muscle and fat from their bodies as part of the natural aging process. Gravity (the force that keeps your feet on the ground) take hold, and the bones in the spine, called vertebrae, may break down or degenerate, and start to collapse into one another.{{U}} (3) {{/U}}. But perhaps the most common reason why some older people shrink is because of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis occurs when too much spongy bone tissue (which is found inside of most bones) is broken down and not enough new bone material is made.{{U}} (4) {{/U}}. Bones become smaller and weaker and can easily break if someone with oste6porosis is injured. Older people — especially women, who generally have smaller and lighter bones to begin with — are more likely to develop osteoporosis. As years go by, a person with osteoporosis shrinks a little bit. Did you know that every day you do a shrinking act? You aren't as tall at the end of the day as you are at the beginning. That's because as the day goes on, water in the disks of the spine gets compressed (squeezed) due to gravity, making you just a tiny bit shorter. Don't worry, though.{{U}} (5) {{/U}} A. They end up pressing closer together, which makes a person lose a little height and become shorter. B. Once you get a good night's rest, your body recovers, and the next morning, you're standing tall again. C. Over time, bone is said to be lost because it's not being replaced. D. Luckily, there are things that people can do to prevent shrinking. E. The kids spend the rest of the movie as tiny people who are barely visible while trying to get back to their normal size. F. But why does shrinking happen at all?

填空题Earth Angels 1 Joying Brescia was 8 years old when she noticed that cigarette butts (烟头) were littering her hometown beach in Isle of Palms, South Carolina. When she learned that it takes five years for the remains of a cigarette to disintegrate, she decided to take action. Joying launched a "No Butts on the Beach" campaign. She raised money and awareness about the need to keep the beaches clean. With the help of others, Joying also bought or received donations of gallon-size plastic ice-cream buckets. The buckets were filled with sand, and placed at all public-access areas of the beach. The buckets allowed people to dispose of their cigarettes before hitting the beach. Two years later, Joying says the buckets are full and the beach in nearly free of cigarette debris (残片). 2 People who live in or visit Steamboat Springs, Colorado, have Carter Dunham to thank for a new state wildlife refuge that preserves 20 acres of marshland and many species of wildlife. Carter and other students wrote a management plan for the area around the Yampa River. The plan was part of a class project when Carter was a freshman at Steamboat Springs High School. Working with the Colorado Division of Wildlife, Carter and his classmates mapped the area and species of animals living there. They also made decisions about, among other things, where fences and parking areas should be built. 3 Barbara Brown and her friends collect oil. It started as a project for their 4H Club after one of the girls noticed her father using motor oil to kill weeds on their farm in Victoria, Texas. They did some research and discovered that oil can contaminate ground water—a real danger in rural areas, where people live off the water on their land. The girls researched ways to recycle oil and worked with a local oil-recycling company on the issue. Now, the "Don't Be Crude" program runs oil-collection sites—tanks that hold up to 460 gallons—where people in the community can dispose of their oil. 4 Five years ago, 11-year-oId Ryan Hreljac was a little boy with a big dream: for all the people in Africa to have clean drinking water. His dream began in the first grade when he learned that people were dying because they didn't have clean water, and that as little as $ 70 could build a well. "We really take water for granted," says Ryan, of Kemptville, Ontario, in Canada. "In other countries, you have to plan for it. "Ryan earned the first $ 70 by doing extra chores (零工), but with the help of others, he has since raised hundreds of thousands of dollars. His efforts led to the start of the Ryan's Well Foundation, which raises money for clean water and health-related services for people in African countries and developing countries.A．Provide Clean WaterB．Dig Oil WellsC．Save Clean WaterD．Don't LitterE．Don't Be CrudeF．Protect Wildlife

填空题A) rarely is success so mysterious B) large rewards follow C) I eliminate the candidate D) we should drop them and move to something else E) judge the importance of every task F) because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal

填空题Global Warming 1 Smoke is clouding our view of global warming, protecting the planet from perhaps three-quarters of the greenhouse(温室)effect．That might sound like good news, but experts say that as the cover diminishes in coming decadeswe are facing a dramatic increase of warming that could be two or even three times as great as official best guesses. 2 This was the dramatic conclusion reached last week at a workshop in Dahlem, Berlin, where top atmospheric scientists got together, including Nobel prize winner Paul Crutzen and Swedish scientist Bert Bolin, former chairman of the UNS Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 3 IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols(浮质)of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest, crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight and counteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide(二氧化物)emissions．Until now, they reckoned that aerosols reduced greenhouse warming by perhaps a quarter, cutting increases by 0.2.C．So the 0.6.C of warming over the past century would have been 0.8.C. without aerosols. 4 But the Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure is even higher--aerosols may have reduced global warming by as much as three—quarters, cutting increases by 1.8.C. If so, the good news is that aerosols have prevented the world getting almost two degrees warmer than it is now．But the bad news is that the climate system is much more sensitive to greenhouse gases than previously guessed. 5 those gases are expected to continue accumulating in the atmosphere while aerosols stabilize or fall, that means"dramatic consequences for estimates of future climate change", the scientists agreed in a draft report from the workshop.

填空题Virtual Driver Driving involves sharp eyes and keen ears, analyzing with a brain, and coordination between hands, feet and brain. A man has sharp eyes and keen ears, analyzes through his brain, and maintains coordination between his hands and brains. He can control a fast-moving cat with different parts of his body. 1 Apparently there isn"t anyone in the driver"s cab, but there is in fact a virtual driver. This virtual driver has eyes, brains, hands and feet too. The minicameras on each side of the Car are its eyes and are responsible for observing the road conditions ahead of it as well as the traffic to its left and fight. If you open the boot, you can see the most important part of the automatic driving system: a built-in computer. 2 The brain of the Car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at analyzing their position on the road, choosing the fight path, and giving orders to the wheel and the control system. In comparison with the human brain, the virtual driver"s best advantage is that it reacts quickly. 3 , However, it takes the world"s best racecar driver at least one second to react, and this doesn"t include time he needs to take action. With its rapid reaction and accurate control, the virtual driver can reduce the accident rate on considerably. In this case, is it possible for US to let it have the wheel at any time and in any place? 4 With its limited ability to recognize things, the car can now only travel on expressways. The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines that mark the lanes clearly and recognizes vehicles according to their regular shapes. 5 This being the case, people still have high hopes about driverless cars, and think highly intelligent cars are what the cars of the future should be like. A. Experts say that we cannot do that just yet. B. In the near future, intelligent cars will be put into commercial operation. C. This is the brain of the car. D. But how does an intelligent car control itself? E. It completes the processing of the images sent by the cameras within 100 milliseconds. F. However, it cannot recognize moving people and bicycles on ordinary roads that have no clear markings on them.

填空题How to Get Along Well with Your Boss 1 Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss"s secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the boss"s secretary, there are keys to timing: don"t approach the boss when he"s on deadline, don"t go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed, don"t go in just before or after he has taken a vacation. 2 If you"re mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first, and don"t let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then maybe he will dismiss you. 3 Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it. 4 Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you can"t put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find they can"t get past the secretary. 5 To deal effectively with a boss, it"s important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.

填空题 {{B}}Why Would They Falsely Confess?{{/B}} Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most people, it just doesn't seem logical. But it is logical, say experts, if you understand what call happen in a police interrogation (审讯) room. Under the right conditions, people's minds are susceptible (易受影响的) to influence, and the pressure put on suspects during police grillings (盘问) is enormous.{{U}} (1) {{/U}}"The pressure is important to understand, because otherwise it's impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didn't do. The answer is: to put an end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess." Developmental psychologist Allison Redlich recently conducted a laboratory determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn't do.{{U}} (2) {{/U}}The researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting the "alt" key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility. Redlich's findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely confess: 59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed{{U}} (3) {{/U}}. Of the 15-to 16-year-olds, 72 percent signed confessions, as did 78 per cent of the 12-to 13-year-olds. "There's no question that young people are more at risk," says Saul Kassin, Professor at Williams College, who has done similar studies with similar results.{{U}} (4) {{/U}} Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire "interrogation" in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation — not hours of aggressive questioning — and still, most participants falsely confessed. Because of the stress of a police interrogation, they conclude, suspects can become convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation.{{U}} (5) {{/U}} A. In her experiment, participants were seated at computers and told not to hit "Mt" key, because doing so would crash the systems. B. "In some ways," says Kassin, "false confession becomes a rational decision." C. "It's a little like somebody's working on them with a dental (牙齿的) drill," says Franklin Zimring, a law professor at the University of Calitbmia at Berkeley. D. "But adults are highly vulnerable too." E. How could an innocent person admit to doing something he didn't do? F. Redlich also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false confession.

填空题You are advised to read something before you ______.

填空题A Strong Greenhouse Gas 1 Methane is a colorless, odorless gas; it is also a potent greenhouse gas, and once released into the atmospheres, it absorbs beat radiating from Earth's surface. That's why methane is a major contributor to the planet's increasing temperature rise or global warming. Molecule for molecule, methane's heat-trapping power in the atmosphere is 21 times stronger than carbon dioxide, the most abundant greenhouse gas. 2 With 13 billion cows belching almost constantly around the world (100 million in the U.S. alone), it's no surprise that menace released by livestock is one of the chief sources of the gas. Other prime methane sources: petroleum, drilling, coal mining, solid-waste landfills and wetlands. 3 Greenhouse gases like methane and carbon dioxide make up only a small part of Earth's atmosphere, which is 78 percent nitrogen and nearly 21 percent oxygen. And without greenhouse gases to trap the sun's heat and warm the planet, life as we know it couldn't exist. But in the last 200 years, human activity that requires burning oil, natural gas, and coal for energy has magnified the greenhouse effect. 4 Atmospheric concentrations of methane have more than doubled in the last two centuries. Blame for this often focuses on big industries and gas-guzzling vehicles. But agriculture plays a major role, too. In the past 40 years alone, the global cattle population has doubled. 5 Cows munch mostly grasses and hay yet they grow big and hefty. Why? Because of the rumen. The lumen holds 160 liters of food and billions of microbes. These microscopic bacteria and protozoa break down cellulose and Fiber into digestible nutrients. A cow couldn't live without its microbes. As the microbes digest cellulose, trey release methane. The process occurs in all animals with a rumen (cows, sheep, and goats, for example), and it makes them very gassy. It's part of their normal digestion process. When they drew their cud, they regurgitate some food to rechew it, and all this gas comes out. The average cow expels 600 liters of methane a day. That's why we say livestock gas is also a major factor of causing the global warming. A Life of Macroscopic Bacteria in Livestock's Rumen B Ways to Reduce Methane's Heat-trapping Power C Agriculture Also Contributes to Increased Concentrations of Methane in the Atmosphere D Why Livestock Releases Methane E Methane as a Strong Greenhouse Gas F Livestock as a Prime Factor of the Greenhouse Effect

填空题A．live a better lifeB．made up of more than 50 islandsC．have more farmlandD．not by the Parliament, but by the people E produce goods of various kinds F have a big population