单选题Ulcers Even though ulcers appear to run in families, lifestyle plays more of a role than genetic factors in causing the illness, according to a report in the April 13th Journal of Internal Medicine. In particular, smoking and stress in men and the regular use of pain releasing medicines in women were linked with an increased risk of developing all ulcers. Overall, 61% of ulcer risk appears to be due to environmental factors, such as smoking, and the remaining 39% is due to genes according to Dr. Ismo Raiha of the University of Turky and colleagues at the University of Helsinki, Finland. Some researchers had suggested that families may spread Helicobacteria pylori, the bacteria that can cause ulcers. However, the new study suggests this is unlikely, according to the report. Raiha and colleagues studied data from more than 13,000 pairs of twins "to examine the roles of genetic and environmental factors in the origin of peptic ulcer disease", they explain. Both twins were more likely to develop an ulcer if the pair were genetically the same as compared with a pair of fraternal twins, suggesting that there must be some genetic susceptibility to ulcer development. However, the risk was no greater in twins living together compared with twins living apart, suggesting that shared exposure to H. pylori (幽门螺旋杆菌) was not to blame. " Environmental effects were not due to factors shared by family members, and they were related to smoking and stress in men and the use of analgesics in women," the authors wrote. "The minor effects of shared environment to disease liability do not support the concept that the grouping of risk factors, such as H. pylori infection, would explain the genetic factor of peptic ulcer disease," they concluded.

单选题I am used to ______ a bath before dinner.A. to haveB. havingC. hadD. have

单选题Nashville, Tennessee, boasts some of the finest country music performers in the United States.

单选题Mrs. Smith looked {{U}}puzzled{{/U}} about what her husband said just now.

单选题While we don"t agree, we continue to be friends.

单选题Five years ago he was a {{U}}fabulously{{/U}} wealthy man, but now he was penniless.

单选题I was shocked when I saw the size of the telephone bill.

单选题What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe? What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was -91℃, which 1 in Antarctica in 1983. We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in 2 temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about 20℃ to 120℃. The temperature depends upon 3 you are in direct sunlight or shade. Obviously, -120℃ is colder than our body can safely endure. Thank NASA science for well-designed space 4 that protect astronauts from these temperature extremes. The space temperatures just discussed affect only our areal of the solar 5 . Obviously, it is hotter closer to the sun and colder as we travel away from the sun. Astronomers estimate temperatures at Pluto are about -210℃. How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universe? Again, it depends upon your 6 . We are taught it is supposedly 7 to have a temperature below absolute zero, which is -273℃, at which atoms do not move. Two scientists, whose names are Cornell and Wieman, have successfully cooled down a gas to a temperature barely 8 absolute zero. They won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 for their work—not a discovery, in this case. Why is the two scientists" work so important to science? In the 1920s, Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting 9 about special light particles we now call photons. Bose had trouble 10 other scientists to believe his theory, 11 he contacted Albert Einstein. Einstein"s calculations helped him theorize that atoms 12 behave as Bose thought—but only at very cold temperatures. Scientists have also discovered that 13 atoms can help them make the world"s atomic docks even more accurate. These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second 14 six million years! Such accuracy will help us travel in space because distance is velocity times time (d=v×t). With the long distances involved in space 15 , we need to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance.

单选题{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}15 Million Americans Suffer from Social Anxiety Disorder{{/B}} Social anxiety disorder prevents some 15 million Americans from leading normal social and romantic lives, a new survey finds. The disorder leaves many isolated, ashamed and often misdiagnosed. Thirty-six percent of those with social anxiety disorder have symptoms for 10 years or more before seeking help, the Anxiety Disorders Association of America reports. "Social anxiety disorder is when somebody has an intense, persistent and irrational fear of social or performance situations," Jerilyn Ross, the association's president and CEO, said during a teleconference Wednesday. "The condition causes people to avoid common, everyday situations and even other people for fear of being judged or criticized or humiliated or embarrassing themselves," Ross said. Social anxiety disorder can interfere with daily routines and job performance, Ross noted. "It also makes it very difficult for people to develop friends and romantic partnerships," she said. People with this disorder recognize their fear is excessive and irrational, Ross noted. "But they feel powerless to do anything about it," she said. Social anxiety disorder can start in the early teens, Dr. Mark H. Pollack, director of the Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders and a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said during the teleconference. "This is a disorder that starts affecting people early on," Pollack said. "The typical age of onset is early adolescence, age 12 or 13, and many individuals report a history of anxiety dating back to earlier childhood." "The disorder also has physical symptoms, including heart palpitations, feelings that their throat will close up, sweating, blushing, faintness, trembling and stammering," Ross said. "Among people with the disorder, 75 percent said the condition affected their ability to do normal activities. In addition, 69 percent said they didn't want people to think they were crazy, and 58 percent said they were embarrassed by their condition, "Ross said. However, when the condition is diagnosed and treated, many reported improvement in their lives. In fact, 59 percent who were receiving treatment said treatment had a positive effect on their ability to have a romantic relationship. In addition, 39 percent who had received treatment said knowing that treatment can be successful aided their decision to get help, Ross noted.

单选题For most allergies, the best treatment is elimination of the {{U}}bothersome{{/U}} substances from the sensitive person's environment.

单选题Many Women Who Beat Cancer Don"t Change Habits Many women who battle breast cancer will tell you it"s a life-changing experience. However, a new study shows that for many 1 , the changes aren"t always positive or permanent. Beth Snoke has watched her mother and both grandmothers battle and survive breast 2 . So when she was diagnosed, there was no doubt in her mind 3 she had to do. "I do exactly what the doctors say as far as the medicine that I"m on, as 4 as the vitamins, the diet, and the fitness. And I can"t stress enough 5 important that is," says Beth Snoke. But a surprising new study shows that 6 every woman who beats breast cancer is getting that message. In fact, nearly 40% of them say even 7 surviving breast cancer, they haven"t made significant changes in the 8 they eat or how much they exercise. "Not all survivors are taking advantage of this teachable moment and making positive health changes in 9 life," says Electra Paskett, PhD, at Ohio State University"s Comprehensive Cancer Center. Paskett says diet and exercise have been proven to not only help women feel better during and after treatment, they may 10 play a role in preventing some cancers from coming back. 11 growing evidence, some women just aren"t listening. "Colon cancer survivors 12 exercise have actually been shown to have improved survival rates. So, yes, it is true that perhaps by making some of these healthy choices we can actually increase their health," says Paskett. As a breast cancer survivor 13 , Paskett knows first hand how much difference diet and exercise can 14 . The challenge, she says, is to get more survivors to be more like Beth, during and after treatment. Experts say exercising more and eating a healthier diet can also cut 15 on stress and help women overcome depression. There are more than 2 million breast cancer survivors living in the U.S. of those, nearly a million have yet to change their diet or exercise routines.

单选题They have accomplished their mission successfully.A. realizedB. designedC. completedD. arranged

单选题Everyone said he was a decent sort of guy.

单选题After a bitter struggle the rebels were forced to Usubmit/U.

单选题The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences. A. influence B. force C. surprise D. power

单选题Score-counting in Ice Skating A new anti-cheating system for counting the judges" scores in ice skating is flawed, according to leading sports specialists. Ice skating"s governing body announced the new rules last week after concerns that a judge at the Winter Olympics may have been unfairly influenced. Initially the judges in the pairs figure-skating event at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City voted 5 to 4 to give the gold medal to a Russian pair, even though they had a fall during their routine. But the International Skating Union suspended the French judge for failing to reveal that she had been put under pressure to Vote for the Russians. The International Olympics Committee then decided to give a second gold to the Canadian runners-up (亚军). The ISU, skating"s governing body, now says it intends to change the rules. In future 14 judges will judge each event, but only 7 of their scores—selected at random—will count. The ISU won"t finally approve the new system until it meets in June but already UK Sport. The British Government"s sports body has expressed reservations. "I remain to be convinced that the random selection system would offer the guarantees that everyone concerned with ethical sport is looking for", says Jerry Bingham, UK Sport"s head of ethics (伦理). "A random system can still be manipulated," says Mark Dixon, a specialist on sports statistics from the Royal Statistical Society in London. "The score of one or two judges who have been nobbled (受到贿赂) may still be in the seven selected." Many other sports that have judges, including diving, gymnastics, and synchronized swimming have a system that discards the highest and lowest scores. If a judge was under pressure to favour a particular team, they would tend to give it very high scores and mark down the opposition team, so their scores wouldn"t count. "It works for diving," says Jeff Cook, a member of the international government body"s technical committee. "If you remove those at the top and bottom you"re left with those in the middle, So you"re getting a reasonable average." Since the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, diving has tightened up in its system still further. Two separate panels of judges score different rounds of diving during top competitions. Neither panel knows the scores given by the other. "We have done this to head off any suggestion of bias." says Cook. Bingham urged the ISU to consider other options. "This should involve examining the way in which other sports deal with the problem of adjudicating (裁定) on matter of style and presentation," he says.

单选题Look after Your Voice Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in your mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flows. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice. Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If you need to see a doctor, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice. What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advise you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking. Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said," We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter. " Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.

单选题Which of the following is the possible job of a family professional?

单选题It was unfortunate that she had {{U}}erased{{/U}} the message.

单选题Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was Ueliqible/U to apply for it.