单选题Domion"s Pizza: The Home-Delivery Leader Domino"s Pizza is the fastest-growing and second -largest pizza (烤披萨饼) chain in the United States, with 3, 000 units and sales of over $1.1 billion in 1986. Domino"s plans to reach 10, 000 units worldwide within the next five years. The keys to Domino"s success are providing customer convenience and emphasizing a basic product line. The firm concentrates on home delivery, the most-rapidly growing segment of the pizza market. The advantages to Domino"s of relying on home delivery versus in-store operations include less seasonality (季节性), less concern for poor weather reducing sales, lower rent, more flexibility in location choice, and customer desirability. Domino"s home-delivery strategy focuses on two basic items, a standard-sized pizza with a range of toppings and limited beverage selection; this makes it easier to handle the rush. Each outlet has a small delivery area and promises a piping-hot (滚烫的) pizza within 30 minutes. If the pizza is delivered between 30 and 45 minutes, there is a price reduction; if it takes more than 45 minutes to be delivered, it is free. Domino"s stores are small, containing just work space, ovens, and storage space, and utilize a common layout. Two-thirds of the stores are franchised; company-owned outlets often serve as training centers for future franchisees. Personnel promotions are from within the organization. Many employees begin as drivers who climb up through several levels of store supervision prior to becoming store manager. Company store managers are given 20 per cent of their stores" profits as an incentive. Franchisees are usually selected from store managers Franchisees only need a personal net worth of $10, 000 to $12, 000 to open their first store. The balance of startup costs of $ 55, 000 to $135, 000 is financed by the company at market interest rates. The average age of a Domino"s franchisee is 23, and most franchisees eventually buy a number of stores. The average store generates weekly sales of $ 8, 000; profit margins are 15 per cent of sales. These are some of the potential challenges now facing Domino"Other pizza chains are in the process of entering the home-delivery market. This will intensify Domino"s competition, but will also increase consumer use of home delivery Domino"s needs to expand in metropolitan areas where retail space is more costly and there are more pizza outlets. It is encountering difficulty in hiring teenage employees at the minimum wage.

单选题American officials have announced rules to help prevent people from getting sick from the medicines they take. The rules require the medicines Americans use most to have information that is easy to read and understand. The officials say the new system will help people make more informed decisions about the drugs they use. More and more people use medicines known as over-the counter drugs to treat common health problems. Americans buy 5', 000,000,000 such products each year. About 100,000 over-the-counter drugs can be purchased in the United States without orders from a doctor. Many people decide on their own which drug to take, how to take it, and if it should be given to their children. Over-the-counter drugs are generally very safe. However, using them the wrong way can be dangerous. Officials say hospitals in the United States treat 170,000 people each year because the drugs make them sick. Studies estimate that half of these hospital visits could be prevented if Americans were better educated about the products. The Food and Drug Administration proposed the new rules two years ago. FDA officials say they worked with the drug industry and public interest groups to develop the requirements. The agency also received almost 2,000 public comments about the proposals. The new information should make it easier for people to identify active chemicals used in a medicine. This information will be listed at the top of the product container. The label also will list uses of the drug, warnings, and directions. Chemicals in the drug which are not active also will be listed. The reason for this is to let Americans select products that will not make them sick.

单选题During his lifetime he was able to accumulate quite a fortune.

单选题Look After Your Voice Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in you mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice. Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice. If you sense that your are losing your voice, stop talking completely. Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If you need to see a doctor, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice. What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking. Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said, "We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter. "Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.

单选题In short , I am going to live there myself.

单选题Their talents are not only enormous but {{U}}durable{{/U}}.

单选题The nurses in a hospital usually spend more time with the patients than the physicians.

单选题Common -cold Sense You can't beat it, but you don't have to join it. Maybe it got the name "common cold" because it' s more common in winter. The fact is, though, being cold doesn' t have anything to do with getting one. Colds are caused by the spread of rhinoviruses, and, at least SO far, medical science is better at telling you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one. Children are the most common way cold viruses are spread to adults, because they have more colds than adults - an average of about eight per year. Why do kids seem so much more easily to get colds than their parents? Simple. They haven' t had the opportunity to become immune to many cold viruses. There are more than 150 different cold viruses, and you never have the same one twice. Being infected by one makes you immune to it- but only it. Colds are usually spread by direct contact, not sneezing or coughing. From another person' s hand to your hand and then to your nose or eyes is the most common route. The highest concentration of cold viruses anywhere is found under the thumbnails of a boy, although the viruses can survive for hours on skin or other smooth surfaces. Hygiene is your best defense. Wash your hands frequently, preferably with a disinfectant soap, especially when children in your household have colds. But even careful hygiene won' t ward off every cold. So, what works when a coughing, sneezing, runny nose strikes? The old prescription of two aspirins, lots of water, and bed rest is a good place to start. But you'll also find some of the folk remedies worth trying. Hot mixtures of sugar( or honey), lemon, and water have real benefits.

单选题Europeans established permanent colonies on the eastern shores of what is now the United States throughout the seventeenth century.A. duringB. beforeC. up untilD. just after

单选题Practically all animals communicate either through sounds or through soundless codes. A. Certainly B. Probably C. Almost D. Absolutely

单选题Jean has made up her mind not to go to the meeting.A. promisedB. triedC. decidedD. attempted

单选题Paragraph 2______

单选题 Cost as a Factor in Supply In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions. With no difference between his products and the products {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}the market price. However, in considering the price, he must take the {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}of production into consideration. There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost. This might happen when prices tumble for {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}he believes will be a short time. However, no business person can {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}to lose money for a prolonged period. He must be constantly {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to competes successfully and earn a profit. Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per unit decrease. {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production, {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}logic and practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production. Some economists {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}to this principle as the law of increasing costs. The reason costs rise as production goes up is {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow, {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production. If a producer needs {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}from other sources. This can be done by {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production. We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}not all land is equally fertile and not all ore (矿石) is equally rich in the mineral wanted.

单选题John Utalked over/U the new job with his wife.

单选题Will Hillary Be the Next American President? Back in 1969, US President Richard Nixon confidently predicted, "In the next 50 years, we shall see a woman president, perhaps sooner than you think." Today, not too far off Nixon's deadline, America is looking at that possibility. Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. U.S. polls indicate that Americans feel comfortable with a female president. A New York Times survey found nearly all Americans saying they would vote for president if she were qualified. However, accepting the theoretical notion of a female leader is quite different from voting an actual woman. In fact, there is still widespread distrust of a woman in the top position. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender. "There's still an inherent nervousness on the part of voters putting a woman in as the ultimate decision-maker. Control of the army and border security are sorts of traditionally male jobs." commented Amy Walter, an American campaign analyst. "That's where I think voters consciously or unconsciously have difficulties with women candidates." Women have held the top job in other major Western countries. In 1979, Britain elected Margaret Thatcher prime minister. Last year, Germany made Angela Merkel its first female chancellor. In the U.S., no woman has succeeded in being nominated as a presidential candidate. One woman did make the attempt: Elizabeth Dole. In 1999, she tried to get the Republican Party nomination. But Dole could only raise $5 million for her bid-compared with the $56 million George W. Bush raised. So Barriers lie ahead for Hillary if she wants to make history by becoming the first female U.S. president. With the Iraqi war underway, she'll find it even harder. "I don't feel that our society is ready for a woman president. The enemy we face does not respect females the same way we have come to see them as equals. If we were not in this war, I would support a woman president," said Chris Dildy, a computer engineering student.

单选题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} Have you ever suddenly felt that someone you know was in trouble-and he was? Have you ever dreamed something that came true later? Maybe you have ESP(超感官知觉). ESP stands for Extra Sensory Perception. It may be called a sixth sense. It seems to let people know about events before they happen, or events that are happening some distance away. Here is an example: A woman was doing washing. Suddenly she screamed. "My father is dead! I saw him sitting in the chair!' Just then, a telegram came. The woman's father had died of a heart attack. He died sitting in a chair. There are thousands of stories like this on record. Scientists are studying them to find out what is behind these strange mental messages. Here's another example--one of hundreds of dreams that have come true. A man dreamed he was walking along a road when a horse and carriage came by. The driver said, "There's room for one more." The man felt the driver was Death, so he ran away. The next day the man was getting on a crowded bus. The bus driver said, "There's room for one more." Then the man saw the driver's face was the same face he had seen in the dream. He wouldn't get on the bus. As the bus drove off, it crashed and burst into flames. Everyone was killed! Some people say stories like these are lies or coincidences. Others, including some scientists say that ESP is true. From studies of ESP, we may some day learn more about the human mind.

单选题As both a religion and a social force, Puritanism has made a widespread influence in the United States.______

单选题Hypertension is the medical term for persistent and sustained high blood pressure. It is one of the most (51) forms of heart disease. An understanding of blood pressure in (52) , healthy individuals is necessary in order to understand hypertension. Blood pressure is simply the force (53) against the walls of the body's arteries (血管) as blood flows through. The force, produced primarily by the pumping (54) of the heart, is essential for the (55) of the blood and its life-supporting nutrients(营养) to all parts of the body. Every time the heart (56) , called a systole, blood pressure increases. When the heart relaxes (57) beats(diastole), the pressure decreases. The normal systolic pressure of a person at vest is between 100 to 140, and the normal diastole is 60 to 90. Blood-pressure readings are expressed by both (58) , with the systolic over the diastolic: for example, 140/90. As these ranges suggest, there is a wide (59) of blood pressure for healthy people. Also, blood pressure (60) for healthy people during different times of the day and under different. (61) . It is lower when an individual is asleep than when he is excited or exerting himself physically. Therefore, a single blood-pressure reading above 140/90 does not (62) abnormality. When the pressure is continuously (63) , a person is considered to be suffering from hypertension. Hypertension is a stealthy(隐秘的) problem: a physician can discover it easily enough, but not a patient. (64) elevations, for example, may produce headaches, dizziness, fatigue, and weakness. But the patient is not likely to (65) these symptoms as having any other source than the increased elevation.

单选题Are You Getting Enough Sleep? What happens if you don't get enough sleep? Randy Gardner,a high school student in the United States,wanted to find out. He designed an experiment on the effects of sleeplessness for a school science project. With doctors watching him carefully, Gardner stayed awake for 264 hours and 12 minutes. That's eleven days and nights without sleep! What effect did sleeplessness have on Gardner? After 24 hours without sleep, Gardner started having trouble reading and watching television. The words and pictures were too blurry(模糊). By the third day,he was having trouble doing things with his hands. By the fourth day,Gardner was hallucinating(产生幻觉). For example,when he saw a street sign,he thought it was a person. He also imagined he was a famous football player. Over the next few days,Gardner's speech became so slurred(不 清楚)that people couldn't understand him. He also had trouble remembering things. By the eleventh day,Gardner couldn't pass a counting test. In the middle of the test he simply stopped counting. He couldn't remember what he was doing. When Gardner finally went to bed,he slept for 14 hours and 45 minutes. The second night he slept for twelve hours, the third night he slept for ten and one-half hours,and by the fourth night, he had returned to his normal sleep schedule. Even though Gardner recovered quickly,scientists believe that going without sleep can be dangerous. They say that people should not repeat Randy's experiment. Tests on white rats have shown how serious sleeplessness can be. After a few weeks without sleep,the rats started losing their fur(皮毛). And even though the rats ate more food than usual, they lost weight. Eventually the rats died. During your lifetime, you will probably spend 25 years or more sleeping. But why? What is the purpose of sleep? Surprisingly, scientists don't know for sure. Some scientists think we sleep in order to replenish(补充)brain cells. Other scientists think that sleep helps the body to grow and to relieve stress. Whatever the reason, we know that it is important to get enough sleep.

单选题The primary consideration in achieving a good balanced diet is not how much or how little we eat, but what we eat. Basically we need carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins and minerals, together with regular but not excessive exercise. Carbohydrates are found in foods such as bread, potatoes and sugar. They are excellent energy producers, but if eaten to excess may be largely converted to fat and a reduction in the amount of carbohydrates or "starchy" foods is one of the obvious Ways to reduce weight, since most of us eat too much of them anyway. According to the paragraphs, carbohydratesA. provide us with energy.B. are the main source of fat in the body.C. exist in all kinds of food.D. can make us feel goo