填空题Heat Is Killer Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world. Although hot weather just makes most people feel hot, it can cause serious medical problems-even death. Floods, storms, volcano eruptions and other natural disasters kill thousands of people every year. (46) . Experts say heat may be nature's deadliest killer. Recently, extreme heat was blamed for killing maore than one hundred people in India. It is reported that the total heat of a hot day or several days can affect health. (47) Expels say heat waves often become dangerous when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature. This causes great stress on the human body. (48) Stay out of the sun, if possible. Drink lots of cool water. Wear light colored clothing made of natural materials; avoid wearing synthetic clothing. Make sure the clothing is loose, permitting freedom of movement. And learn the danger signs of the medical problems, such as headache and vomiting, that are linked to heat. (49) . The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say those suffering headache or muscle pain should stop all activity and rest in a cool place and drink cool liquids. Do not return to physical activity for a few hours because more serious conditions could develop. Doctors say some people face an increased danger from heat stress. (50) Hot weather also increases dangers for people who must take medicine for high blood pressure, poor blood flow, nervousness or depression.A．Such persons have a weak or damaged heart, high blood pressure, or other problems of blood system.B．Several of these conditions are present at the salne time.C．Most people suffer only muscle pain as a result of heat stress.D．Several hot days are considered a heat wave.E．So does extreme heat.F．Doctors say people can do many things to protect themselves from the dangers of exgeme heat.

填空题Every Dog Has His Say Kimiko Fukuda always wondered what her dog was trying to say. Whenever she put on makeup, it would pull at her sleeve. 1 When the dog barks, she glances at a small electronic gadget (装量). The following "human" translation appears on its screen: "Please take me with you." "I realized that"s how he was feeling." says Fukuda. The gadget is called Bowlingual, and it translates dog barks into feelings. People laughed when the Japanese toymaker Takara Company made the world"s first dog-human translation machine in 2002. But 300,000 Japanese dog-owners bought it. 2 "Nobody else had thought about it," said Masahiko Kajita, who works for Takara. "We spend so much time training dogs to understand our orders. What would it be like if we could understand dogs?" Bowlingual has two parts. 3 The translation is done in the gadget using a database containing every kind of barks. Based all animal behavior researches, these noises are divided into six categories. happiness, sadness, frustration, anger, declaration and desire. 4 In this way, the database scientifically matches a bark to an emotion, which is then translated into one of 200 phrases. When a visitor went to Fukuda"s house recently, the dog barked a loud "bow wow". 5 It was followed by "I"m stronger than you." as the dog growled and sniffed (嗅) at the visitor. The product will be available in US pet stores this summer for about $ 120. It can store up to 100 barks, even recording the dog"s emotions when the owner is away. A. A wireless microphone is attached to the dog"s collar, which sends information to the gadget held by the owner. B. Nobody really knows how a dog feels. C. This translated as "Don"t come this way." D. More customers are expected when the English version is launched this summer. E．NOW, the Japanese girl thinks she knows. F．Each one of these emotions is then linked to a phrase like "Let"s play", "Look at me", or "Spend more time with me."

填空题 Things to Know about the UK 1. From Buckingham Palace to Oxford, the UK is loaded with wonderful icons (标志) of past eras. But it has also modernized with confidence. It's now better known for vibrant (充满活力的) cities with great nightlife and attraction. Fashions, fine dining, clubbing, shopping-the UK is among the world's best. 2. Most people have strong preconceptions about the British. But if you're one of these people, you'd be wise to abandon those ideas. Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities, a football match, or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the English people as humorous and hospitable. It's certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers, sports supporters, pet owners and gardeners than the UK. 3. Getting around England is pretty easy. Budget (廉价的) airlines like Easyjet and Rynnair fly domestically. Trains can deliver you very efficiently from one major city to another. Long distance express buses are called coaches. Where coaches and buses run on the same route, coaches are more expensive (though quicker) than buses. London's famous black cabs are excellent but expensive. Minicabs are cheaper competitors, with freelance (个体的) drivers. But usually you need to give a call first. London's underground is called the Tube. It's very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city. 4. The UK is not famous for its food. But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods. The most famous must be fish and chips. The fish and chips are deep fried in flour. English breakfast is something you need to try. It is fried bacon, sausages, fried eggs, black pudding, fried tomatoes, fried bread and baked beans, with toast and a pot of tea. Other things like shepherd's pie and Yorkshire pudding are also well-known as a part of English food culture. 5. Pubbing and clubbing are the main forms of English nightlife, especially for the young. Pubbing means going to a pub with friends, having drinks, and chatting. Clubbing is different from pubbing and includes going to a pub, or a place of music, or a bar, or any other places to gather with friends. Clubbing can be found everywhere. Usually there is some kind of dress code for clubbing, such as no jeans, no sportswear, or smart clubwear, while pubbing is much more casual. A. Education B. People C. Transport D. Drink E. Food F. Nightlife

填空题Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven, a major composer of the nineteenth century, overcame many personal problems to achieve artistic greatness. Born in Bonn, Germany, in 1770, he first studied music with the court organist, Gilles van der Eeden. His father was excessively strict and given to heavy drinking. 1 Appointed deputy court organist to Christian Gottlob Neefe at a surprisingly early age in 1782, Beethoven also played the harpsichord and the viola. In 1792 he was sent to Vienna by his patron, Count Ferdinand Waldstein, to study music under Haydn. Beethoven remained unmarried. 2 Continually plagued by ill health, he developed an ear infection which led to his tragic deafness in 1819. 3 He completed mature masterpieces of great musical depth: three piano sonatas, four string quartets, the Missa Solemnis, and the 9th Symphony. He died in 1827. 4 Noting that Beethoven often flew into fits of rage, Goethe once said of him, "I am astonished by his talent, but he is unfortunately an altogether untamed personality." 5 A．In spite of this handicap, however, he continued to write music. B．Because of irregular payments from his publishers and erratic support from his patrons, he was troubled by financial worries throughout his adult life. C．His life was marked by a passionate dedication to independence. D．When his mother died, Beethoven, then a young man, was named guardian of his two younger brothers. E．Today his music is still being played all over the world. F．Although Beethoven"s personality may have been untamed, his music shows great discipline and control, and this is how we remember him best.

填空题Rising Tuition in the US Every spring, US university administrators gather to discuss the next academic year's budget. They consider faculty salaries, utility costs for dormitories, new building needs and repairs to old ones. They run the numbers and conclude—it seems, inevitably—that, yet again, the cost of tuition must go up. According to the US's College Board, the price of attending a four-year private university in the US rose 81 percent between 1993 and 2004． (46) In 2005 and 2006, the numbers continued to rise. According to university officials, college cost increases are simply the result of balancing university checkbooks. "Tuition increases at Cedarville University are determined by our revenue needs for each year. " said the university's president, Dr Bill Brown. "Student tuition pays for 78 percent of the university's operating costs. " Brown's school is a private university that enrolls about 3,100 undergrads and is consistently recognized by annual college ranking guides like US News and World Report's and The Princeton Review's. (47) Tuition at private universities is set by administration officials and then sent for approval to the school's board of trustees(董事). (48) This board oversees (监管) all of a state's public institutions. John Durham, assistant secretary to the board of trustees at East Carolina University (ECU), explains that state Law says that public institutions must make their services available whenever possible to the people of the state for free. Durham said that North Carolina residents only pay 22 percent of the cost of their education. (49) State residents attending ECU pay about US $10, 000 for tuition room and board before financial aid. Amid the news about continued increases in college costs, however, there is some good news. Tuition increases have been accompanied by roughly equal increases in financial aid at almost every university. To receive financial aid, US students complete a formal application with the federal government. The federal government then decides whether an applicant is eligible (有资格的) for grants or loans. (50) A．The application is then sent to the student's university, where the school itself will decide whether free money will be given to the student and how much.B．At public universities, however, tuition increases must also be approved by a state education committee, sometimes called the board of governors.C．The school currently charges US $ 23,410 a year for tuition.D．Many American people are simply unable to pay the growing cost of food.E. That's more than double the rate of inflation.F. The state government covers the rest.

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择 5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}} Good Writing{{/B}} Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last.{{U}} (46) {{/U}}Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing, whatever its purpose--school work, matters of business, or purely social communication.{{U}} (47) {{/U}} There are still some remote places in the world where you might find someone to do your business or social writing for you, for a fee. There are a few managers who am lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can take care of all sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from.{{U}} (48) {{/U}} We have to write school papers, business papers 'Or home papers. We are constantly called on to put words to paper. It would be difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports put to the mails or delivered by hand, but the daily figure must be enormous.{{U}} (49) {{/U}}We want to arouse and hold the interest of readers. We want whatever we write to be read, from first word to last, not thrown into some "letters-to-be-read" file or into a wastepaper basket.{{U}} (50) {{/U}}A. But for most of us, if there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves.B. However, the managers may sometimes cause the writers a lot of trouble.C. Any good writers, like good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown (成熟的).D. What is more, everyone who writes expects, or at least hopes, that his writing will be read.E. This is the reason we bend our efforts toward learning and practising the skills of interesting, effective writing.F. You may be sure that the greater the effort, the more effective the writing, and the more rewarding.

填空题A Running 10 miles every day B It does not exist C They hope to find out what has made them live so long D walking E enjoy life F It will be very expensive

填空题 Successful Language Learners 1. Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them. 2. First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from mistakes. 3. Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word. 4. Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it. 5. What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above.

填空题The First Four Minutes When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends? During their first four minutes together, according to a book by Dr. Leonard Zunin. In his book, Contact: The First Four Minutes, he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships: (46) A lot of people's whole lives would change if they did just that. You may have noticed that average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he has just met. (47) If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much. When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident. In general, he says, "People like people who like themselves." On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves. It is important to appear interested and sympathetic, realizing that the other person has his won needs, fears, and hopes. Hearing such advice, one might say, "But I'm not a friendly, self-confident person. That's not my nature. It would be dishonest for me to act that way." (48) We can become accustomed to any changes we choose to make in our personality. "It is like getting used to a new car. It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old one." But isn't it dishonest to give the appearance of friendly self-confidence when we don't actually feel that way? Perhaps, but according to Dr. Zunin, "total honest" is not always good for social relationships, especially during the first few minutes of contact. There is a time for everything, and a certain amount of play-acting may be best for the first few minutes of contact with a stranger. That is not the time to complain about one's health or to mention faults one finds in other people. It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one's opinions and impressions. (49) For a husband and wife or a parent and child, problems often arise during their first four minutes together after they have been apart. Dr. Zunin suggests that these first few minutes together be treated with care. If there are unpleasant matters to be discussed, they should be dealt with later. The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. (50) That is at least as important as how much we know. A. In reply, Dr. Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits. B. Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends. C. In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people. D. Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes. E. He keeps looking over the other person's shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room. F. He is eager to make friends with everyone.

填空题阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}} A Major Composer{{/B}} Ludwig van Beethoven, a major composer of the nineteenth century, overcame many personal problems to achieve artistic greatness. Born in Bonn, Germany, in 1770, he first studied music with the court organist, Gilles van der Eeden. His father was excessively strict and given to heavy drinking.{{U}} (46) {{/U}}. Appointed deputy court organist to Christian Gottlob Neefe at a surprisingly early age in 1782, Beethoven also played the harpsichord and the viola. In 1792 he was sent to Vienna by his patron, Count Ferdinand Waldstein, to study music under Haydn. Beethoven remained unmarried.{{U}} (47) {{/U}}. Continually plagued by ill health, he developed an ear infection which led to his tragic deafness in 1819. {{U}} (48) {{/U}}. He completed mature masterpieces of great musical depth: three piano sonatas, four string quartets, the Missa Solemnis, and the 9th Symphony. He died in 1827.{{U}} (49) {{/U}}. Nothing that Beethoven often flew into fits of rage, Goethe once said of him, "I am astonished by his talent, but he is unfortunately an altogether Untamed personality."{{U}} (50) {{/U}}. A．In spite of this handicap, however, he continued to write music. B．Because of irregular payments from his publishers and erratic support from his patrons, he was troubled by financial worries throughout his adult life. C．His life was marked by a passionate dedication to independence. D．When his mother died, Beethoven, then a young man, was named guardian of his two younger brothers. E．Although Beethoven's personality may have been untamed, his music shows great discipline and control, and this is how we remember him best. F．Today his music is still being played all over the world.

填空题A．is not taken back by he shopB．hs been specially codedC．is bankrolled by Panasonic,etc.D．is lower in price than the usual DVD disc E has been played and where F is owned by retailer Circuit City

填空题A．one communication method without integrationB．development of new telecommunications equipmentC．the brain of the next generation networkD．his particular assigned number E different devices and media F transformation of old circuit-based networks

填空题阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}} Animal Intelligence{{/B}} Are Animals intelligent? If they are, which animals are the most intelligent? These are not easy questions to answer. In the first place, no one is quite sure what intelligence is. We often say that intelligence means being able to solve problems.{{U}} (46) {{/U}}. For example, dogs and cats often find their way home from long distances. To do this they have to use their intelligence. They have to remember and think. But many birds find their way over long distances, too. They travel thousands of miles every year when they move from cool to warmer places. We do not know how they do this but we know that they do not use their intelligence.{{U}} (47) {{/U}}. Young birds are able to make these journeys without help as soon as they can fly. They are born with this ability. This is not intelligence. We call this 'instinct'. Often we cannot be sure whether an animal is acting intelligently or instinctively. When a dog hears a strange noise, it barks. This is instinct. It cannot stop itself from doing this. It does not really know why it is doing this. But supposing a house is on fire and the dog barks outside its master's bedroom until he wakes up, is the dog using its intelligence?{{U}} (48) {{/U}}. Often we cannot be sure. Many animals, however, can be taught to sole problems, especially when they are given rewards. Rats have been taught to press a lever to get food. Pigeons have been taught to peck a disc for the same reason. Even an octopus(章鱼) has been trained to know the difference between a square and an oblong (长方形) ! Animals in circuses have been taught to do all sorts of tricks to amuse an audience.{{U}} (49) {{/U}}. It is saying, "if I do this, I will get a reward. Therefore I will do it. " This may be thought of as a low kind of intelligence. Some animals, however, show a much higher kind of intelligence. They solve problems without any help. Chimpanzees, one of the ape family, are much more intelligent than other animals. A chimpanzee once did something even more intelligent. He did not have a stick. He had two short tubes. Neither of the tubes was long enough to reach the banana but one was wider than the other. He jammed the narrow tube inside the wider tube and in this way made one tube long enough to reach the banana{{U}} (50) {{/U}}. A．Is it solving the problem by waking its master or is it simply barking instinctively because it is afraid? B．Chimpanzees can solve certain problems without any help. C．Some animals seem able to do this. D．In all these cases we may say that an animal is using intelligence. E．In other words, he did not simply use a tool, which itself is intelligent: he made a tool. F．They do not remember places and directions and then make decisions.

填空题How One Simple Movement Can Let Slip the Secrets of the Mind Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It is said that our body movements communicate about 50 percent of what we really mean while words themselves only express 7 percent. So, while your mouth is closed, just what is your body saying. Arms. (46) If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. (47) If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show you're unhappy! Head. When you want to appear confident, keep your head level. If you are monitor in class, you can also take on this position when you want your words to be taken seriously. (48) Legs. Your legs tend to move around a lot more than normal when you are nervous or telling lies. If you are at interviews, try to keep them still! Posture. A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. (49) This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable. Mouth. When you are thinking, you often purse your lips. You might also use this position to hold back all angry comment you don't wish to show. (50) A. If you are feeling down, you normally don't sit straight, with your shoulders inwards. B. If you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this. C. Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies. D. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet. E. However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know you're not pleased. F. However, to be friendly in listening or speaking, you must move your head a little to one side.

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择 5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}} Success Stories{{/B}} One of the most successful fashion companies in the world is Benetton. The Benetton family opened their first shop in Italy in 1968.{{U}} (46) {{/U}}Benetton followed four marketing principles in order to achieve their success. The first principle is Consumer Concept. To build a successful business, you have to develop products around things people value, especially quality.{{U}} (47) {{/U}}He created clothes to match people's wants: the style is casual; the colors and patterns are bold; and the quality is excellent. The System Link is another feature of good marketing. For Benetton, this means waiting to get information about what customers like and what they dislike before making the clothes.{{U}} (48) {{/U}} The Information Link means making sure the company responds quickly to people's demands.{{U}} (49) {{/U}}This information is then sent to the main office in Italy. Benetton can use this information to identify popular products and to continue making them; it can also identify less popular products and stop making them. A final important marketing principle is the Retail Link. There are Benentton stores in countries around the world. All the stores have the same clothing, the same window displays, and the same approach to sales.{{U}} (50) {{/U}} The things people like about Benetton stores are that the quality is always high and the prices are generally low. And that spells success.A. The founder of Benetton began by asking people what they wanted.B. There used to be a good reason for this.C. When something is sold at a Benetton store, the store records information about the type, size, and color of the item.D. Today, there are Benetton shops in major cities all over the world~E. This means that customers can go into any Benetton store in the world and be sure of what they are buying.F. In other words, Benetton's clothes are made to order.

填空题Keeping Cut Flowers 1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts. 2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut carnations (康乃馨) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care. 3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination (授粉), After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), called respiration (呼吸), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and colour. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies. 4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly. 5 Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to "drink" water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each litre of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day.

填空题Waste Not, Want Not 1. Bob and Clara Darlington, who own and run a farm in the North of England, have always looked for new ways of making money out of the produce they grow. Their success began when they established a shop on their farm, so that people could come and buy fresh vegetables directly from them. 2. The business was an immediate success, and soon scored top marks in a competition set up by the Farm Retail Association to find the best farm shop in the country. The Association"s inspectors found the Darlingtons" shop offered excellent service and value for money as well as quality fruit and vegetable. 3. Clara Darlington is a trained chef and, in addition to a range of home-grown foods and other local produce, she began offering a variety of prepared meals which she had made herself in the farmhouse kitchen. A small cafe alongside the farm shop was soon added, with everything that visitors could taste on the menu also being for sale in the shop. 4. Clara admits that starting the business was expensive, and she has worked very hard, but maintains that if the product is good, the public recognize this and buy it. "I aim to offer the highest quality to our customers, whether they come in for a loaf of bread, or take a whole dinner-party menu. I take it as a compliment (恭维) if people take home one of my dishes to serve to their family and friends and get away with pretending they made it themselves." 5. So it was that the couple realized that they had a surplus of misshapen or damaged vegetables grown on the farm which were unsuitable for selling in the shop. Clara, not wishing to see them get thrown away, decided to turn them into soup. 6. The soup met with the immediate approval of customers to the shop and Clara now produce different varieties. She spent much of the summer traveling up and down to London by rail, doing presentations of the soups. As a result, they are now served in first-class railway restaurant cars belonging to three companies as well as being stocked by a number of high-class London stores. A. Professional recognition is obtained B. Ensuring that nothing gets wasted C. A necessary alternative to farming D. Time well spent is rewarded E. Continuing investment is necessary alternative to farming in high standards F. Professional skills are exploited

填空题Many professors like to teach in this university partly because here ______.

填空题Searching for Smiles 1. Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will probably be: "to be happy." Ed Deiner, an American psychology professor, has spent his whole professional life studying what makes people happy, comparing levels of happiness between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves. 2. Many people would say that this question does not need an answer. But Professor Deiner has one anyway. "If you"re a cheerful, happy person, your marriage is more likely to last, and you"re more likely to make money and be successful at your job. On average, happy people have stronger immune (免疫的) systems, and there is some evidence that they live longer." 3. So who are the world"s happiest people? It depends on how the word is defined. There is individual happiness, the sense of joy we get when we do something we like. But there is also the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of how we behave. According to Professor Deiner, the Western world pursues individual happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction. 4. "In the West, the individualistic (个人主义的) culture means that your mood matters much more than it does in the East. People ask themselves, what can I do that"s fun or interesting? They become unhappy when they can"t do any of these things. If you ask people from Japan or China if they are happy, they tend to look at what has gone wrong in their lives. If not much has gone wrong, then they are satisfied. " 5. People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries had the happiest culture, Professor Deiner found. "The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame. Hispanic (西班牙语言的) cultures report much more pride and much less shame than others." 6. Income also made a big difference to people"s happiness, but only at the lowest levels. Average income earners in the US were much happier than people in poverty. But millionaires were only a little bit happier than people on average incomes. It seems that money makes us happy when we have enough to feel secure. 7. But can we be too happy? "You get people who are actually happy, but they think happiness is so important that they try to be even happier. This desire to be always happy is a product of individualism, where the emphasis is on you individually, your emotions and feeling good. People can end up feeling unhappy because ordinary happiness is not good enough for them."

填空题The press criticizes the Bush Administration mainly because ______.