单选题Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road. The car"s sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver"s sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver"s palm. Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example, Sweden"s Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car"s seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start. Nissan"s new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a drivers alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest. The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology. "For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used," Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015. The car"s seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. "If you drink one beer, it"s going to register, so we need to study what"s the appropriate level for the system to activate," he says. In the UK, some research groups are using similar advanced techniques to understand driver behavior and the effectiveness of different road designs.

单选题The accident has not done any permanent damage.

单选题Many students were absent, {{U}}notably{{/U}} the monitor. A.noticeably B.remarkably C.particularly D.significantly

单选题The used and benefits of aromatherapy need to

单选题A small number of {{U}}firms{{/U}} have stopped trading

单选题The description about the murderer was pretty vague .

单选题Mr. Smith realized that Donald was innocent

单选题In the dark street, there was not a single person ______ she could turn for help.A. thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom

单选题It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow.

单选题Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack German researchers have come up with a new generation of defibrillators (除颤器) and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection from sudden death from cardiac arrest (心脏骤停). In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases are caused by disruption to the heart"s rhythm. Those most at risk are patients who have already suffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing life-threatening disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds. These devices take on a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker. Heart specialists at Freiburg"s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator capable of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram (ECG) within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of acute blood-flow problems and a pending (潜在的) heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed a new computer software that renders the evaluation of ECG data more precise. The overwhelming majority of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs. "Many of the current programs only take into account a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use of a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system," Hagen Knaf says. "In this way changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account." An old study of ECG data, based upon 600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show that the new software evaluates the data considerably better.

单选题All proposals are likely to be {{U}}rejected{{/U}}.

单选题Congratulations, It Will Be A Boy! Until just a few years ago, making a baby boy or a girl was pretty much a hit-or-miss affair. Not anymore. Parents who have access to the latest genetic testing techniques can now predetermine their baby"s sex with great accuracy, as Monique and Scott Collins learned to their delight two years ago, when their long-wished-for daughter Jessica was born after genetic prescreening(基因筛选). And baby Jessica is just the beginning. Within a decade or two, it may be possible to screen kids almost before conception (怀孕) for an enormous range of attributes (特性), such as how tall they are likely to be, what body type they will have, their hair and eye color, what sort of illness they will be naturally resistant to, and even, conceivably(可想见地), their IQ and personality type. In fact, if gene therapy lives up to its promise, parents may someday be able to go beyond weeding out(筛去) undesirable traits and start actually inserting the genes they want—perhaps even genes that have been crafted(创造) in a lab. Before the new millennium is many years old, parents may be going to fertility clinics(生殖诊所) and picking from a list of options the way ear buyers order air conditioning and chrome alloy(铬合金) wheels. "It is the ultimate shopping experience: designing your baby," says biotechnology critic Jeremy Rifkin, who is appalled by the prospect. "But in a society used to cosmetic surgery(整容手术), this is not a big step." The prospect of designer(定制) babies, like many of the ethnical conundrums(难题)posed by the genetic revolution, is confronting the world so rapidly that doctors, ethicists (伦理学家), religious leaders and politicians are just starting to grapple with(与……进行格斗) the implications—and trying to decide how they feel about it all. They still have a bit of time. Aside from gender, the only traits they can now be identified at the earliest stages of development are about a dozen of the most serious genetic diseases. Gene therapy in embryos(胚胎) is at least a few years away. And the gene or combination of genes responsible for most of our physical and mental attributes has not even been identified yet. Besides, say clinicians, even if the techniques for making designer babies are perfected within the next decade, they should be applied in the service of disease prevention, not improving on nature.

单选题Some drugs taken in large quantities cause {{U}}permanent{{/U}} brain damage.

单选题Nurses often earn as much money as physicians do because they tend to work long days and at odd hours.

单选题I"m Sorry, I won"t Apologize Almost daily, news reports include accounts of public figures or heads of companies being forced to say they"re sorry. In a recent case, Marge Schott, managing partner of the Cincinnati Reds, at first did not want to apologize for her remark that Hitler "was good at the beginning but he just went too far. "Under pressure, she finally said that she regretted her remarks "offended many people. "Predictably-and especially given her history with such commentsmany were not satisfied with this response and successfully lobbied for her resignation. This particular use of "I"m sorry" has a familiar ring. The other day my husband said to me, "I"m sorry I hurt your feelings. "I knew he was really trying. He has learned, through our years together, that apologies are important to me. But he was grinning, because he also knew that "I"m sorry I hurt your feelings" left open the possibility-indeed, strongly suggested-that he regretted not what he did but my emotional reaction. It sometimes seems that he thinks the earth will open up and swallow him if he admits fault. It may appear that insisting someone admit fault is like wanting him to humiliate himself. But I don"t see it that way, since it"s no big deal for me to say I made a mistake and apologize. The problem is that it becomes a big deal when he won"t. This turns out to be similar to the Japanese view. Following a fender bender, according to a Times article, the Japanese typically get out of their cars and bow, each claiming responsibility. In contrast, Americans are instructed by their insurance companies to avoid admitting fault. When an American living in Japan did just that-even though he knew he was to blame-the Japanese driver "was so incensed by the American"s failure to show contrition that he took the highly unusual step of suing him. " The Japanese driver and I are not the only ones who are offended when someone obviously at fault doesn"t just less up and apologize. A woman who lives in the country told me of a similar reaction. One day she gave her husband something to mail when he went into town. The next day, when they left the house together, she found her unmailed letter in the car. He said, "Oh, I forgot to mail your letter. "She was furious-not because he had forgotten, but because he didn"t apologize.

单选题Restaurants And Health "Clean your plate!" and "Be a member of the clean-plate club!" Just about every kid in the U.S. has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it's accompanied by an appeal: "Just think about those starving orphans (孤儿) in Africa!" Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the U.S. take a few too many bites. Instead of saying "clean the plate", perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow. According to news reports, U.S. restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies (肚子). A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They serve large portions to stand apart from competitors and to give the customers value. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little. Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand. Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. A restaurant industry trade magazine reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believed that restaurants serve portions are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions. 70 percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions. But only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller. It's not that working class Americans don't want to eat healthy. It's just that after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents.

单选题 Disease, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention Disease may be defined as the abnormal state in which part or all of the body is not properly adjusted or is not capable of carrying on all its required functions. There are marked variations in the extent of the disease and in its effect on the person. In order to treat a disease, the doctor obviously must first determine the nature of the illness—that is, make a diagnosis. A diagnosis is the conclusion drawn from a number of facts put together. The doctor must know the symptoms, which are the changes in body function felt by the patient; and the signs (also called objective symptoms) which the doctor himself can observe. Sometimes a characteristic group of signs (or symptoms) accompanied a given disease. Such a group is called a syndrome. Frequently certain laboratory tests are performed and the results evaluated by the physician in making his diagnosis. Although nurses do not diagnose, they play an extremely valuable role in this process by observing closely for signs, encouraging the patient to talk about himself and his symptoms, and then reporting this information to the doctor. Once the patient's disorder is known, the doctor prescribes a course of treatment, also referred to as therapy. Many measures in this course of treatment are carried out by the nurse under the physician's orders. In recent years physicians, nurses and other health workers have taken on increasing responsibilities in prevention. Throughout most of medical history, the physician's aim has been to cure a patient of an existing disease. However, the modern concept of prevention seeks to stop disease before it actually happens—to keep people well through the promotion of health. A vast number of organizations exist for this purpose, ranging from the World Health Organization (WHO) on an international level down to local private and community health programs. A rapidly growing responsibility of the nursing profession is educating individual patients toward the maintenance of total health—physical and mental.

单选题Heavy pressure at work may account for his strange behavior.A. calculateB. tellC. suggestD. explain

单选题He was kept in appalling conditions in prison.

单选题We call only depend on ourselves instead of others.A. stemB. relyC. developD. deprive