单选题At 80, Peck was still {{U}}vigorous{{/U}} and living in Paris. A. happy B. energetic C. alone D. busy

单选题The passage tells us that London's first Light Rail System

单选题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars NASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes, flowing rivers and a variety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life. Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample. The lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that identifies vapors produced by the heating of samples. "We have water," said William Boynton of the University of Arizona, lead scientist for the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer, or TEGA. "This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted. " The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of, what its water is like, and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life. The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep. When the robotic arm first reached that depth, it hit a hard layer of frozen soil. Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop. Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days, letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle. "Mars is giving us some surprises," said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona. "We're excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck, different from what we expected, from all the Mars simulation testing we've done so far. " Since landing on May 25, Phoenix has been studying soil with. a chemistry lab, TEGA, a microscope, a conductivity probe and cameras. The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present. The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead. "It's a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars," said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency. A full-circle, color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft. "The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see," said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University, lead scientist for Phoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera. "They help us plan measurements we're making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale. "

单选题I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.

单选题War and Conflict The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the world"s great writers. Before considering this question, it will be useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something which is in inadequate supply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and competition are both categories of opposition, which has been defined as a process by which social entities function is the disservice of one another. Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups in inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies. Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights, but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for occupancy of areas free from meat-eating animals. Those who fail in this competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The essence of the struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all. Among nations there is competition in developing resources, trades, skills, and a satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and prosper; the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is.

单选题It is obvious that he will win the game.A. likelyB. possibleC. clearD. unwilling

单选题Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day.A. energeticB. freeC. physicalD. regular

单选题"Hidden" Species May Be Surprisingly Common Cryptic (隐蔽的，隐藏的) species—animals that appear identical but are genetically quite distant—may be much more widespread than previously thought. The findings could have major implications in areas ranging from biodiversity (生物多样性) estimates and wildlife management, to our understanding of infectious diseases and evolution. Reports of cryptic species have increased dramatically over the past two decades with the advent of relatively inexpensive DNA (脱氧核糖核酸) sequencing technology. Markus Pfenninger and Klaus Schwenk, of the Goethe-Universitat in Frankfurt, Germany, analyzed all known data on cryptic animal species and discovered that they are found in equal proportions throughout all major branches of the animal kingdom and occur in equal numbers in all biogeographical (生物地理学的) regions. Scientists had previously speculated that cryptic species were predominantly found in insects and reptiles (爬行动物), and were more likely to occur in tropical rather than temperate (温带的) regions. "Species that are seemingly widespread and abundant could in reality be many different Cryptic species that have low populations and are highly endangered," says Pfenninger. Until the genetic information of all species in at least one taxon (分类单元) is thoroughly studied, no one will know just how many cryptic species exist. "It could be as high as 30%," Pfenninger says. "I'm extremely surprised by their results, " says Alex Smith of the University of Guelph in Ontario, Canada. "It's a call to arms to keep doing the broad kind of genetic studies that we are doing. " Sampling as many individuals as possible, scientists hope to complete work on all fish and birds in another 5 to 10 years. Once either of these taxonomic groups is completed, Pfenninger says researchers will be able to decide how many cryptic species exist throughout the animal kingdom. Examples of cryptic species include the African elephant. A 2001 study found the elephants were actually two genetically distinct, non-interbreeding (非杂交繁殖的) species, the African bush elephant and the African elephant. The species are currently listed as vulnerable and threatened, respectively, by the World Conservation Union (WCU). The reclassifications are more than an academic exercise. They define populations that have evolved independently of each other and whose genetic differences can have significant consequences. In the early 1900s misidentification of mosquito species based on morphology confused, attempts to control malaria (疟疾) in Europe. Ultimately, what was thought to be a single species was actually made up of six sibling (同胞，同属) species, only three of which transmitted the disease." The basic unit in biology is always the species, and you have to know what you are dealing with," Pfenninger says. Much previous research is now no longer used, he says, because it is not clear what species was being studied.

单选题Vice-President Lyndon Johnson became President of the United States following the death of John F. Kennedy and was {{U}}subsequently{{/U}} elected to a full term in 1964.

单选题Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience Shimi, a musical companion developed by Georgia Tech"s Center for Music Technology, recommends songs, dances to the beat and keeps the music pumping based on listener feedback. The smartphone-enabled (智能手机支持的), one-foot-tall robot is billed as an interactive "musical friend". "Shimi is designed to change the way that people enjoy and think about their music," said Professor Gil Weinberg, the robot"s creator. He will unveil the robot at the June 27th Google I/O conference in San Francisco. A band of three Shimi robots will perform for guests, dancing in sync with music created in the lab and composed according to its movements. Shimi is essentially a docking station with a "brain" powered by an Android phone. Once docked the robot gains the sensing and musical generation capabilities of the user"s mobile device. In other words, if there"s an "app" for that, Shimi is ready. For instance, by using the phone"s camera and face-detecting software, Shimi can follow a listener around the room and position its "ears", or speakers, for optimal sound. Another recognition feature is based on rhythm and tempo. If the user taps a beat, Shimi analyzes it, scans the phone"s musical library and immediately plays the song that best matches the suggestions. Once the music starts, Shimi dances to the rhythm. "Many people think that robots are limited by their programming instructions," said Music Technology Ph. D. candidate Mason Bretan, "Shimi shows us that robots can be creative and interactive." Future apps in the works will allow the user to shake their head in disagreement or wave a hand in the air to alert Shimi to skip to the next song or increase/decrease the volume. The robot will also have the capability to recommend new music based on the user"s song choices and provide feedback on the music play list. Weinberg hopes other developers will be inspired to create more apps to expand Shimi"s creative and interactive capabilities. "I believe that our center is ahead of a revolution that will see more robots in homes." Weinberg said. Weinberg is in the process of commercializing Shimi through an exclusive licensing agreement with Georgia Tech. Weinberg hopes to make the robot available to consumers by the 2013 holiday season. "If robots are going to arrive in homes, we think that they will be this kind of machines—small, entertaining and fun," Weinberg said. "They will enhance your life and pave the way for more intelligent service robots in our lives."

单选题You look {{U}}smart{{/U}} in the new suit.

单选题At the birthday party, Lily kissed her father to express her {{U}}thanks{{/U}} for his lovely present.

单选题下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。 The Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls(萝状指纹)and other characteristic marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints．Losing them could become troublesome．A case {{U}}(51) {{/U}}online in a letter by Annals of Oncology indicates how big a{{U}} (52) {{/U}}losing finger prints is． Eng-Huat Tan，a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year-old man who has used capecitabine(卡培他滨)to{{U}} (53) {{/U}}his nasopharyngeal cancer(鼻咽症)．After three years on the {{U}}(54) {{/U}}，the patient decided to visit his U．S．relatives last December．But he was stopped by U．S． customs officials{{U}} (55) {{/U}}4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldn't get finger prints from the man．There were no{{U}} (56) {{/U}}swirly(旋涡状的)marks appearing from his index fin ger． U．S．customs has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years，Tan says．Unfortunately， for the Singaporean traveler，one potential{{U}} (57) {{/U}}effect of his drug treatment is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads．{{U}} (58) {{/U}}，no fingerprints． “It is uncertain when fingerprint{{U}} (59) {{/U}}will begin to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine，”Tan points out．So he{{U}} (60) {{/U}}any physicians who prescribe the drug to provide their patients with a doctor's{{U}} (61) {{/U}}pointing Out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear． Eventually，the Singaporean traveler made it into the United States．But he's also now got the explanatory doctor's note-and won't leave home{{U}} (62) {{/U}}it． By the way，maybe the Food and Drug Administration，{{U}} (63) {{/U}}approved use of the drug 11 years ago，should consider updating its list of side effects{{U}} (64) {{/U}}with this medicine．The current list does note that patients may experience vomiting(呕吐)，stomach pain and some other side effects． But no where{{U}} (65) {{/U}}it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints．

单选题That is in Uobvious/U contrast to the way things were.

单选题"You want me to send in three men to dig the box up, without making a sound, and get rid of it properly?" A. conform to B. deal with C. dispose of D. incline to

单选题The play is proved to be a Uremarkable/U success.

单选题Their business was successful as they now had a compatible board of directors. A. experienced B. competitive C. harmonious D. powerful

单选题Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from {{U}}damaging{{/U}} drops in grain prices. A. slight B. surprising C. sudden D. harmful

单选题EI Nino (厄尔尼诺现象) While some forecasting methods had limited SUCCESS predicting the 1997 El Nin a few months in advance, the Columbia University researchers say their method call predict large EI Nino events up to two years in advance. That would he good news for governments, farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall that EI Nino can produce in various parts of the world. Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later EI Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate EI Nino events dating back to 1857 , using prior sea-surface temperatures. The results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature. The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan C. Weare. a meteorologist at the University of California, Davis, who was not involved in the work, said it "suggests EI Nino is indeed predictable." "This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods." said Weare. He added that the new method "makes it possible to predict EI Nino at long lead times." Other models also use seasurface temperatures, but they have not looked as far back because they need other data, which is only available for recent decades, Weare said. The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacitic is of immense importance. The 1997 El Nino, for example, caused an estimated $ 20 billion in damage worldwide, offset by beneficial effects in other areas, said David Anderson, of the European Centre for Medium. Range Weather Forecasts in Reading England. The 1877 EI Nino, meanwhile, coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China. Prompting the development of seasonal forecasting, Anderson said. When EI Nino hit in 1991 and 1997. 200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone. According to a 2002 United Nations report. While predicting smaller EI Nino events remains tricky. The ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmed. EI Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February. The warming tends to last between 9 and 12 months and occurs every two to seven years. The new forecasting method does not predict any major EI Nino events in the next two years, although a weak warming toward the end of this year is possible.

单选题I {{U}}reserve{{/U}} the right to disagree.