单选题She is the only survivor of the air crash.A. aloneB. uniqueC. singleD. sole
单选题
El Nino While some
forecasting methods had limited success predicting the 1997 El Nino a few months
in advance, the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict
large El Nino events up to two years in advance. That would be good news for
governments, farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy
rainfall that El Nino can produce in various parts of the world.
Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to
later El Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate
El Nino events dating back to 1857, using prior sea-surface temperatures. The
results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature.
The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan C. Weare, a
meteorologist at the University of California, Davis, who was not involved in
the work, said it "suggests El Nino is indeed predictable."
"This will probably convince others to search around more for even better
methods." said Weare. He added that the new method "makes it possible to predict
El Nino at long lead times." Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but
they have not looked as far back because they need other data, which is only
available for recent decades, Weare said. The ability to
predict the warming and cooling of the Pacific is of immense importance. The
1997 El Nino, for example, caused an estimated $20 billion in damage worldwide,
offset by beneficial effects in other areas, said David Anderson, of the
European Centre for Medium. Range Weather Forecasts in Reading England. The 1877
El Nino, meanwhile, coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine
that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China prompting the development of
seasonal forecasting, Anderson said. When El Nino hit in 1991
and 1997, 200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone, according
to a 2002 United Nations report. While predicting smaller El
Nino events remains tricky, the ability to predict larger ones should be
increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmed. El
Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between
December and February. The warming tends to last between 9 and 12 months and
occurs every two to seven years. The new forecasting method
does not predict any major El Nino events in the next two years, although a weak
warming toward the end of this year is possible.
单选题China to Help Europe Develop GPS Rival
China is going to contribute to a new global satellite navigation system being developed by European nations. The Galileo satellite system will
1
a more accurate civilian alternative to the Global Positioning System (GPS), operated by the US military. China will provide 230m Euros in funding and will
2
with technical, manufacturing and market development.
A new center that will coordinate co-operation will be set
3
at Beijing University. China has a substantial satellite launch industry and could potentially help
4
the Galileo satellites.
The US has claimed that Galileo could interfere with the US with
5
to downgrade the GPS service during military conflicts. European officials say this is unfounded (无根据的) and counter that US opposition is caused by the commercial challenge Galileo would present to GPS. Galileo will be
6
to within a meter, while the civilian GPS service is accurate to around 10 meters.
The Galileo satellite constellation (卫星集群) will consist of 27 operational and three reserve satellites
7
the Earth at an altitude of 23,600 kin. The satellites will be strung along three medium-Earth orbits at 56 degrees inclination (倾斜)
8
the equator (赤道) and will provide global coverage. The system should be
9
by 2008 and the entire project is expected to cost around 3.2 billion Euros.
The European Commission has said Galileo will
10
be used for transportation technology, scientific research, land management and disaster monitoring.
Galileo will provide two
11
, a standard civilian one and an encrypted (把……编码), wide-band signal called the Public Regulated Service (PRS). This second signal is
12
to endure localized jamming and will be used by police and military services in Europe.
The first Galileo satellite is
13
to launch late in 2004. Clocks on board the satellites will be synchronized (同步) through 20 ground sensors (传感器) stations, two command centers and 15 uplink (上传) stations.
Receivers on the ground will use time signals from the satellites to precisely calculate their
14
. A "search and rescue" function will also let distress signals be
15
through the constellation of satellites.
单选题It seems （incredible） that he had been there a week already.
单选题In 1996, Arthur C. Clarke predicted that
单选题阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C。
Imagine eating everything delicious
your want--with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldn't it?
New "fake fat" products appeared on store shelves in the United States
recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which
contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat
from certain foods. Critics, however, say the new compound can rob the body of
essential vitamins and nutrients(营养物) and can also cause unpleasant side effects
in some people. So it's up to consumers to decide whether the new fatfree
products taste good enough to keep eating. Chemists discovered
olestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for a fat that could be
digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desired fat, the
researchers created a fat the can't be digested at all.
Normally, special chemicals in the intestines(肠) "grab" molecules of
regular fat and break them down so they can be used by the body. A molecule of
regular fat is made up of three molecules of substances called fatty
acids. The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring
with them the essential vitamins A, D, E, and K. When fat molecules are present
in the intestines with any of those vitamins, the vitamins attach to the
molecules and are carried into the bloodstream. Olestra, which
is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the
intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without being broken
down. Manufacturers say it's that ability to slide unchanged through the
intestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides
consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But
critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E, and K from being absorbed.
It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids(类胡萝卜素), compounds that
may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc. Manufacturers
are adding vitamins A, D, E, and K as well as carotenoids to their products now.
Even so, some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited
amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many
calories they are consuming.
单选题The manager gave us a brief introduction about this company.A. shortB. detailedC. formalD. long
单选题Once thought doomed to extinction, southern sea otters are now {{U}}stringently{{/U}} protected through the efforts of naturalist groups.
单选题Don't just stand by. Can't you lend a hand?A. loanB. offerC. helpD. understand
单选题
Spam Would you like to
lose weight fast? Would you like to make $5,000 a month for your home? Yes or
no, you are more likely to find such unsolicited offers flooding your E-mall
inbox these days than ever before, along with a free trial for professional
teeth whitening and a low-rate mortgage. Such E-mail, best
known by its pejorative appellation, spam, has been annoying Internet users for
years. But in the last three months, Spam has been spiked.
Spare-watchers attribute the escalation to a combination of factors.
In a slumping economy, companies going out of business may be selling
their lists of customer E-mail addresses to pay off creditors.
Mailing tactics have also improved. Online marketers have always selected
addresses from Web sites, but with the growth of sites like eBay, the online
auction service where thousands of people post their E-mail addresses, automated
sweeps of the World Wide Web for E-mail addresses are obtaining more
results. Many now use "dictionary attacks," in which a computer
automatically matches combinations of thousands of common words and names with
long lists of large domain names (amyfritz@yahoo.com, amyfritz@hotmail.com and
so on) sends E-mail messages to all of them, much like telemarketers dialing
numbers in sequence. As a result, even people who have made efforts to keep
their E-mail addresses private will find their mailboxes stuffed with
suggestions on how to make money fast or reduce their debts simply and
easily. Marketers worry that people who feel constantly
assaulted by junk E-mail are less likely to trust any commercial communication
by E-mails, even from businesses they might otherwise be happy to hear from,
like a retailer alerting them to a sale on an item they are, interested in. To
shield themselves from junk E-mail, many Internet users have become increasingly
wary of divulging their addresses. Some mainstream marketers
are already beginning to see the effects of resistance to junk E-mail. Only a
year ago, advertisers were raving about the response rates to targeted E-mail,
which could reach as high as 20 percent. But that number is falling fast. Still,
critics say some online retailers with well-known brand names also contribute to
the problem by automatically adding customers to an E-mail list unless they
specifically ask to be kept off. United Airlines, Amazon. com
and Martha Stewart. corn, among others, all require customers to uncheck the
"yes" box on their Web site that asks if they would like to receive E-mail from
them-or, in some cases, an unspecified list of advertising "partners" . Some
times, it is not entirely clear that there is a choice involved.
The difficulty of defining Spam is one reason-efforts to pass federal
legislation to stop it have foundered. Critics have compared junk E-mail to
unsolicited faxes, which are illegal under a law that was passed when receiving
a fax was quite expensive.
单选题{{B}}第三篇{{/B}}
{{B}} Kite{{/B}}
Kite flying is the sport of sending up into the air, by means of the wind,
a light frame covered with paper, plastic or doth. The frame can be one of many
different shapes and is attached to a long string held in the hand or wound on a
drum. Kites have a long history practical application and many different types
of kite have been developed to serve various purposes. The
ancient Chinese used bird-kites to carry ropes across rivers and valleys. The
current folding kite which will dive excitingly is an improved type of such a
kite. With its long flat body and single pair of bird like wings, it looks just
like a large bird in the air. The modern version is usually made of tissue paper
rather than the traditional silk. Man-lifting kites were
developed in ancient times, again by the Chinese, for getting information from
walled cities and army camps. In fact, as recently as World War Ⅱ, German
U-boats flew kites from their towers to lift people into the air to watch
the land. These kites, which are no longer in existence, were made of
lightweight cloth. They were much larger and stronger than the Chinese ones.
Their design, however, was simply that of the cutter kite. Smaller in size, this
type of kite is still very popular as a toy for children, being easy to make
with a diamond-shaped frame, no wings and brown-paper covering.
Box kites are another type of kite found in toy shops today. The first box
kite, named for its box-like body, was developed in the 19th century to test
theories of flight and this type of cotton-covered kite greatly assisted the
success of early airplanes. These kites are the ancestors of a heavier version
of the box kite, called the double box kite, which consists of two main
sections, placed side by side. Developed for the peacetime purpose of fishing in
strong sea wind, it is the only modern kite described which has practical value.
A long-lasting plastic material has to be used for this kite, which carries
fishing lines.
单选题I
notified
him that my address had changed.
单选题Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.
单选题The little girl trembled when she saw a big dog.A. ranB. criedC. shookD. wept
单选题The growth of part-time and flexible working pattern allows more women to take advantage of job opportunities.A. make use ofB. catch up withC. cast light onD. get rid of
单选题The kind of thing that happened last Saturday night is a regular Uoccurrence/U in the village.
单选题下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提的是正确信息，请选择A：如果该句提的是错误信息，请选择B：如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Plants and Mankind
Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history
of human knowledge. We don't know what our Stone Age ancestors (祖先) knew about
plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still
exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely
ancient. They have always been enormously (巨大地) important to the welfare of
people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes,
Medicines, shelter, and many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungle
of the Amazon (亚马逊河) recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of
each. To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a
special branch of "knowledge" at all. Unfortunately, the more
industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with
plants. And the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes
unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will
fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid (淡紫色的). When our Neolithic
(新石器时代) ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered
that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer
yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and
humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of
agriculture: cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly
take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than
getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and
the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and
intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.
单选题His sole {{U}}motive{{/U}} was to make her happy.
单选题For some animals,
locomotion
is accomplished by changes in body shape.
单选题The conclusion can be deduced from the premises. A. argued B. derived C. permitted D. come