单选题Today in the United States, adult education facilities face rising demand created by {{U}}expanding{{/U}} leisure time.

单选题Peel Watch Swimmers can drown in busy swimming pools when lifeguards fail to notice that they are in trouble. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents says that on average 15 people drown in British pools each year, but many more suffer major injury after getting into difficulties. Now a French company has developed an artificial intelligence system called Poseidon that sounds the alarm when it sees someone in danger of drowning. When a swimmer sinks towards the bottom of the pool, the new system sends an alarm signal to a poolside monitoring station and a lifeguard's pager. "In trials at a pool in Ancenis, near Nantes, it saved a life within just a few months," says Alistair McQuade, a spokesman for its maker, Poseidon Technologies. Poseidon keeps watch through a network of underwater and overheard video cameras. AI software analyses the images to work out swimmers trajectories (轨道，轨线). To do this reliably, it has to tell the difference between a swimmer and the shadow of someone being cast onto the bottom or side of the pool. "The underwater environment is a very dynamic one, with many shadows and reflections dancing around," says McQuade. The software does this by "projecting" a shape in its field of view onto an image of the far wall of the pool. It does the same with an image from another camera viewing the shape from a different angle. If the two projections are in the same position, the shape is identified as a shadow and is ignored. But if they are different, the shape is a swimmer and so the system follows its trajectory. To pick out potential drowning victims, anyone in the water who starts to descend slowly is added to the software's "pre-alert" list, says McQuade. Swimmers who then stay immobile on the pool bottom for 5 seconds or more are considered in danger of drowning. Poseidon double-checks that the image really is of a swimmer, not a shadow, by seeing whether it obscures the pool's floor texture when viewed from overhead. If so, it alerts the lifeguard, showing the swimmer's location on a poolside screen. The first full-scale Poseidon system will be officially opened next week at a pool in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire. One man who is impressed with the idea is Travor Baylis, inventor of the clockwork radio. Baylis runs a company that installs swimming pools—and he was once an underwater escapologist (表演脱身术的人) with a circus. "I say full marks to them if this works and can save lives," he says. But he adds that any local authority spending 230,000—plus on a Poseidon system ought to be investing similar amounts in teaching children to swim.

阅读短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并填入题前的括号内。 {{B}}Where Did All the Ships Go?{{/B}} The Bermuda Triangle is one{{U}} (1) {{/U}}the greatest mysteries of the sea. In this triangular area between Florida, Puerto Rico and Bermuda in Atlantic, ships and airplanes{{U}} (2) {{/U}}to disappear more often than in{{U}} (3) {{/U}}parts of the ocean. And they do so{{U}} (4) {{/U}}leaving any sign of all accident or any dead bodies. It is{{U}} (5) {{/U}}that Christopher Columbus was the first person to record strange happenings in the area. His compass stopped working, a flame came down from the sky, and a wave 100 to 200 feet high carried his ship about a mile away. The most famous disappearance in the Bermuda Triangle was the US Naval Air Flight 19.{{U}} (6) {{/U}}December 5, 1945, five bomber planes carrying 14 men.{{U}} (7) {{/U}}on a training mission from the Florida coast. Later that day, all communications with Flight 19 were lost. They just disappeared without a trace. The next morning, 242 planes and 19 ships took part in the largest air-sea search in history. But they found nothing. Some people blame the disappearances{{U}} (8) {{/U}}supernatural forces. It is suggested the{{U}} (9) {{/U}}ships and planes were either transported to other times and places, kidnapped by aliens{{U}} (10) {{/U}}attacked by sea creatures. There are{{U}} (11) {{/U}}natural explanations, though. The US Navy says that the Bermuda triangle is one of two places on earth{{U}} (12) {{/U}}a magnetic compass points towards tree north{{U}} (13) {{/U}}magnetic north.{{U}} (14) {{/U}}planes and ships can lose their way if they don't make adjustments. The area also has changing weather and is know{{U}} (15) {{/U}}its high waves. Storms can turn up suddenly and destroy a plane or ship. Fast currents could then sweep away any trace of an accident. Bermuda Triangle 百慕大三角区 Pueto Rico 波多利加 compassn. 罗盘，指南针 supernatural adj.超自然的 kidnap v.绑架 alien n.外星人 magnetic adj. 有磁性的 1. A. from B. of C. about D. on 2. A. often B. look C. sometimes D. seem 3. A. rest B. another C. other D. others 4. A. without B. by C. from D. upon 5. A. saying B. being said C. said D. says 6. A. On B. In C. From D. Since 7. A. took up B. took as C. took after D. took off 8. A. for B. about C. on D. from 9. A. missing B. missed C. miss D. having missed 10. A. and B. or C. nor D. neither 11. A. also B. no C. more D. beside 12. A. which B. there C. where D. that 13. A. instead of B. except C. than D. nor 14. A. Similarly B. Furthermore C. However D. Therefore 15. A. as B. for C. by D. from

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 1～4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的横线上。 {{B}}Electromagnetic Energy{{/B}} White light seems to be a combination of all colors. The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see. Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light. On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool. Visible light and the kind of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy. The sun is 93 million miles from the earth. Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space. Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy. Radio, television, and radarsignals travel from transmitters to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic waves. Infrared (红外线的) radiation is an electromagnetic wave. When it is absorbed by matter, heat is produced. Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio, television, or radar. Ultraviolet rays (紫外线) and X-rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy. Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings. Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms. X-rays and gamma rays have so mush energy that they travel right through solid objects. They can be used to detect and treat cancer. X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal, and in medicine to reveal broken bones. Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the water falls to the earth as rain, some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored in coal came from the sun, too. Until recently, the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle. If the sun depended on chemical reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago. Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclear energy was harnessed (利用) by man. Chemical energy comes from electron (电子) rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a Change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the sun's energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium (氦). Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity. It is also being used to operate engines in large ships. Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy.

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项。 {{B}}Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely{{/B}} Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in a nasty surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer (使车辆不能调动的装置), and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that once the.thief switches the engine{{U}} (1) {{/U}}, he will not be able to start it again. For now, such devices{{U}} (2) {{/U}}only available for fleets of trucks and specialist vehicles used on construction sites. But remote immobilization technology could soon start to trickle down to ordinary cars, and{{U}} (3) {{/U}}be available to ordinary cars in the UK{{U}} (4) {{/U}}two months. The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car incorporates{{U}} (5) {{/U}}miniature cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS satellite positioning receiver.{{U}} (6) {{/U}}the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicle's engine management system and prevent the engine{{U}} (7) {{/U}}restarted. There are even plans for immobilizers{{U}} (8) {{/U}}shut down vehicles on the move, though there are fears over the safety implications of such a system. In the UK, an array of technical fixes is already making{{U}} (9) {{/U}}harder for car thieves. "The pattern of vehicles crime has changed," says Martyn Randall of Thatcham, a security research organization based in Berkshire that is funded in part{{U}} (10) {{/U}}the motor insurance industry. He says it would only take him a few minutes to{{U}} (11) {{/U}}a novice how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only ifthe caris more than 10 years old. Modem cars are a far tougher proposition, as their engine management computer will not{{U}} (12) {{/U}}tthem to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key. In the UK, technologies like this{{U}} (13) {{/U}}achieve a 31 per cent drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997. But determined criminals ore still managing to find other ways to steal cars. Often by getting hold of the owner's keys in a burglary. In 2000, 12 per cent of vehicles stolen in the UK were taken using the owner's keys double the previous year's figure. Remote-controlled immobilization system would{{U}} (14) {{/U}}a major new obstacle in the criminal's way by making such thefts pointless. A group that includes Thatcham, the police, insurance companies and security technology finns have developed standards for a system that could go on the market sooner than the{{U}} (15) {{/U}}expects. immobilizer n. 使车辆不能调动的装置 trickle v.慢慢移动 cellphonen.移动电话，手机 immobilization n.使车辆不能调动 ignition n.点火 burglaryn.夜窍行为；盗窃 1. A. off B. on C. at D. of 2. A. is B. was C. were D. are 3. A. can B. have to C. need to D. should 4. A. after B. for C. in D. at 5. A. the B. / C. a D. an 6. A. With B. If C. But D. And 7. A. helping B. being C. get. D. be 8. A. whose B. who C. that D. when 9. A. life B. Cars C. warning D. problem 10. A. about B. to C. by D. on 11. A. use B. inform C. ask D. teach 12. A. let B. allow C. make D. give 13. A. have helped' B. helped C. had helped D. was helped 14. A. speak B. have C. link D. put 15. A. lawyer B. doctor C. customer D. specialist

Paragraph 6 ______.

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案填在相应的横线上。 {{B}}Why do People Shrink?{{/B}} Did you ever see the movie Honey, I shrunk the kids? It's about a wacky dad (who's also a scientist) who accidentally shrinks his kids with his homemade miniaturizing invention. Oops!{{U}} (1) {{/U}} For older people, shrinking isn't that dramatic or sudden at all. It takes place over years and may add up to only one inch or so off of their adult height (maybe a little more, maybe less), and this kind of shrinking can't be magically reversed, although there are things that can be done to stop it or slow it down.{{U}} (2) {{/U}} There are a few reasons. As people get older, they generally lose some muscle and fat from their bodies as part of the natural aging process. Gravity (the force that keeps your feet on the ground) take hold, and the bones in the spine, called vertebrae, may break down or degenerate, and start to collapse into one another.{{U}} (3) {{/U}}But perhaps the most common reason why some older people shrink is because of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis occurs when too much spongy bone tissue (which is found inside of most bones) is broken down and not enough new bone material is made.{{U}} (4) {{/U}}Bones become smaller and weaker and can easily break if someone with osteoporosis is injured. Older people—especially women, who generally have smaller and lighter bones to begin with—are more likely to develop osteoporosis. As years go by, a person with osteoporosis shrinks a little bit. Did you know that every day you do a shrinking act? You aren't as tall at the end of the day as you are at the beginning. That's because as the day goes on, water in the disks of the spine gets compressed (squeezed) due to gravity, making you just a tiny bit shorter. Don't worry, though.{{U}} (5) {{/U}} A. They end up pressing closer together, which makes a person lose a little height and become shorter. B. Once you get a good night's rest, your body recovers, and the next morning, you're standing tall again. C. Over time, bone is said to be lost because it's not being replaced. D. Luckily, there are things that people can do to prevent shrinking. E. The kids spend the rest of the movie as tiny people who are barely visible while trying to getback to their normal size. E But why does shrinking happen at all?

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项。 {{B}}The Animals in Desert{{/B}} Some desert animals can survive the very strong summer heat and dryness because they have very unusual characteristics. The camel, for example, can{{U}} (1) {{/U}}an increase in the temperature of its body and its blood of 9~℃. In addition, it can drink an enormous{{U}} (2) {{/U}}water at one time, then store sufficient water in its red blood cells and other parts of its body to supply its needs for two weeks or more. The kangaroo rat, on the other hand,{{U}} (3) {{/U}}all the water it needs from water that it produces during respiration. However, most animals need to{{U}} (4) {{/U}}a fairly constant body temperature, and will die if it rises more than 5 ℃.{{U}} (5) {{/U}}, they need to find some way to avoid the strong sunrays. Nor can many animals either store or produce water in their bodies, as the camel and kangaroo rat{{U}} (6) {{/U}}. So they must find ways to{{U}} (7) {{/U}}water loss from their bodies to the lowest degree. Because very few desert animals can survive the strong rays, the temperature, and the evaporation rate{{U}} (8) {{/U}}a typical summer's day, most of them are active during the night. Only{{U}} (9) {{/U}}the sun has set does the desert come fully to life. The night is relatively cool, and the darkness provides{{U}} (10) {{/U}}, not only from the sun, but also from other animals and from the birds. So the coming of darkness is the signal{{U}} (11) {{/U}}the large majority of animals and insects to continue their search for water and food. When morning comes, most of them seek{{U}} (12) {{/U}}again. Many go underground; nearly all find somewhere shady where they can avoid the sunrays. For many kinds of insects, living in the desert is{{U}} (13) {{/U}}than for animals. Like many desert plants, they have a waterproof skin which{{U}} (14) {{/U}}water loss by evaporation. In addition, some insects spend all or most of their life below ground. Here, for most of the year at least, there is{{U}} (15) {{/U}}wetness, and it is generally cooler than on the surface. 1. A. carry B. bear C. effect D. delay 2. A. amount B. number C. level D. sum 3. A. obtains B. consumes C. brings D. replaces 4. A. raise B. reject C. maintain D. regulate 5. A. However B. Again C. Instead D. Therefore 6. A. can B. may C. must D. need 7. A. quicken B. reduce C. lighten D. keep 8. A. in B. to C. of D. through 9. A. after B. since C. until D. before 10. A. prevention B. protection C. possession D. permission 11. A. for B. with C. from D. among 12. A. food B. shelter C. water D. work 13. A. easier B. better C. safer D. harder 14. A. causes B. changes C. prevents D. suffers 15. A. little B. plentiful C. thorough D. some

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为相应的段落选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的横线上。 {{B}}Volts from the Sky{{/B}} Lightning has caused awe and wonder since old times. Although Benjamin Franklin demonstrated lightning as an enormous electrical discharge more than 200 years ago, many puzzles still surround this powerful phenomenon. Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes'are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground's surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points. A flow of electrons begins between the cloud and earth. When the voltage charge becomes large enough, it breaks through the insulating barrier of air, and electrons zigzag earthward. We see the discharge as lightning. Lightning can occur within a cloud, between clouds, or between clouds and the ground. The first variety, intra-cloud lightning, is the most frequent but is often hidden from our view. Cloud-to-ground lightning, making up about 20 percent of lightning discharges, is what we usually see. Lightning comes in several forms, including sheet, ribbon, and ball. Intra-cloud lightning can illuminate a cloud so it looks like a white sheet, hence its name. When cloud-to-ground lightning occurs during strong winds, they can shift the lightning channel sideways, so it looks like a ribbon. The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ballthat appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds. Thunder is generated by the tremendous heat released in a lightning discharge. Temperatures near the discharge can reach as high as 50,000F within thousandths of a second. This sudden heating acts as an explosion, generating shock waves we hear as thunder. About 2,000 thunderstorms are occurring in the world at any time, generating about 100 lightning strikes every second, or 8 million daily. Within the United States, lightning strikes are estimated at 20 million a year, or about 22,000 per day. You have a 1-in-600,000 chance of being struck by lightning during your lifetime. Lightning can strike twice or more in the same spot. The Empire State Building in New York is struck by lightning about two dozen times annually. You can measure how far you are from a lightning strike by counting the seconds between viewing the flash and hearing the bang, and then dividing by five. This approximates the mileage.

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项。 {{B}}Save Energy at Home{{/B}} On the average, Americans waste as much energy as two-thirds of the world's population consumes. That's{{U}} (1) {{/U}}the result of driving inefficient cars, using inefficient appliances, and living and working in poorly insulated buildings. Then what can you do to improve the{{U}} (2) {{/U}}? Buy energy-efficient products. — Buy new appliances or electronics of the highest energy-efficiency rating. New energy-efficient models may cost more initially, but have a lower operating{{U}} (3) {{/U}}over their lifetimes. The most energy-efficient models{{U}} (4) {{/U}}the Energy Star label, which identifies products that use 20 — 40 percent less energy than standard new products. According to the EPA, the typical American household can save about $ 400 per year in{{U}} (5) {{/U}}bills with products that carry the Energy Star. Switch to compact fluorescent bulbs. — Change the three bulbs you use{{U}} (6) {{/U}}in your house to compact fluorescents. Each compact fluorescent bulb will keep half a ton of carbon dioxide out of the air over its lifetime.{{U}} (7) {{/U}}, compact fluorescent bulbs last ten times as long and can save $ 30 per year in electricity costs. Set heating and cooling temperatures correctly. — Check thermostats in your home to make sure they are{{U}} (8) {{/U}}at a level that doesn't waste energy. Get an electronic thermostat that will allow your furnace to heat the house to a lower temperature when you're sleeping and return it to a more{{U}} (9) {{/U}}temperature before you wake up. Turn off the lights. —{{U}} (10) {{/U}}lights and other electrical appliances such as televisions and radios when you're not using them. lnstall automatic timers for lights that people in your house frequently forget to turn them off when{{U}} (11) {{/U}}a room. Choose renewable energy.— Many consumers can now choose their energy supplier. If you have a choice, choose an electric utility that uses renewable power{{U}} (12) {{/U}}, such as solar, water or wind. Let the sun shine In. — The cheapest and most energy-efficient light and heat source is often right outside your windows. On{{U}} (13) {{/U}}days, open blinds to let the sun light your home for free. Also remember that{{U}} (14) {{/U}}entering a room equals passive solar heating. 'Even on cold winter days, sun streaming into a room can raise the temperature by several{{U}} (15) {{/U}} dioxide n.二氧化物 insulate adj. 隔热 thermostat n. 温度自动调节器 rating n.等级级别 timer n. 定时器 fluorescent adj.荧光的 blind n.百叶窗 1. A. unlikely B. largely C. tremendously D. vastly 2. A. tool B. factor C. fact D. situation 3. A. prize B. label C. cost D. position 4. A. carry B. bring C. change D. return 5. A. phone B. water C. food D. energy 6. A. less B. most C. rarely D. seldom 7. A. Moreover B. However C. Therefore D. So 8. A. corrected B. changed C. set D. repaired 9. A. comfortable B. common C. convenient D. dramatic 10. A. Tum over B. Turn on C. Turn off D. Turn out 11. A. decorating B. using C. repairing D. leaving 12. A. station B. resources C. supply D. shortage 13. A. bright B. cloudy C. hot D. dark 14. A. air B. rain C. wind D. sunlight 15. A. layers B. levels C. degrees D. points

Where Have All the Bees Gone? Scientists who study insects have a real mystery on their hands. All across the country, honeybees are leaving their hives and never returning. Researchers call this phenomenon colony-collapse disorder. According to surveys of beekeepers across the country, 25 to 40 percent of the honeybees in the United States have vanished from their hives since last fall. So far, no one can explain why. Colony collapse is a serious concern because bees play an important role in the production of about one-third of the foods we eat. As they feed, honeybees spread pollen from flower to flower. Without this process, a plant can't produce seeds or fruits. Now, a group of scientists and beekeepers have teamed up to try to figure out what's causing the alarming collapse of so many colonies. By sharing their expertise in honeybee behavior, health, and nutrition, team members hope to find out what's contributing to the decline and to prevent bee disappearances in the future. It could be that disease is causing the disappearance of the bees. To explore that possibility, Jay Evans, a researcher at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA Bee Research Laboratory, examines bees taken from colonies that are collapsing. "We know what s healthy bee should look like on the inside, and we can look for physical signs of disease," he says. And bees from collapsing colonies don't look very healthy. "Their stomachs are worn down, compared to the stomachs of healthy bees," Evans says. It may be that a parasite is damaging the bees' digestive organs. Their immune systems may not be working as they should. Moreover, they have high levels of bacteria inside their bodies. Another cause of colony-collapse disorder may be certain chemicals that farmers apply to kill unwanted insects on crops, says Jerry Hayes, chief bee inspector for the Florida Department of Agriculture. Some studies, he says, suggest that a certain type of insecticide affects the honeybee's nervous system (which includes the brain) and memory. "It seems like honeybees are going out and getting confused about where to go and what to do," he says. If it turns out that a disease is contributing to colony collapse, bees' genes could explain why some colonies have collapsed and others have not. In any group of bees there are many different kinds of genes. The more different genes a group has, the higher the group's genetic diversity. So far scientists haven't determined the role of genetic diversity in colony collapse, but it's a promising theory, says Evans.

The International Science Olympiads are held once every two years．

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为相应段落每段选择1个正确的小标题：(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案填在相应的横线上。 {{B}}More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing{{/B}} Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences. Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feelipg refreshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers. These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the joumal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside. more than 8 hours a night. He added that "it might be a good idea" for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the mount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this. Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep — for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more. For the current report, Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires, in which participants indicated how much they slept during the Week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep, and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning. KriDke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence, he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed. "It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake." he said.

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 1～4段每段选择1个正确的小标题：(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4今正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的横线上。 {{B}}Alaska{{/B}} In 1858 Americans welcomed Alaska into the Union as the 49th state, symbolizing a change of attitude from that held in 1867, when the peninsula was purchased from Russia. Then, most Americans had little interest in 1,500,000 square kilometers "of icebergs and polar bears" — beyond Canada's western borders, far from the settled areas of the United States. In those sections of the state which lie above the Arctic Circle, Alaska still is a land of icebergs and polar bears. Ice masses lie buried in the earth, which is permanently frozen to a depth of 90 or more meters region. From early May until early August, the midnight sun never sets on this flat, treeless region, but the sun can not melt the icy soil more than two-thirds of a meter down. Alaska is America's largest state, but only about 325,000 people live there according to estimates, 800,000 hectares of its land area are fit for plowing but only about 640,000 hectares being cultivated. Arctic Alaska has been the home of Eskimos for countless centuries. It is believed that the Eskimos moved there from Mongolia or Siberia, probably crossing Bering Strait, named for Vitus Bering, the Danish sea captain who discovered Alaska on his voyage for Russia in 1741.The Eskimos are the state's earliest known inhabitants Russian fur traders established settlements but, by the time Alaska was sold to the United States, most of the traders had departed. In 1896 gold was discovered near the Klondike River in Canada just across the Alaskan border. Thousands of Americans rushed to the region on their way to .Klondike; some never returned. Alaska was never completely cut off again, although even today transportation is a major problem. There are only two motor routes from the US mainland, and within the state, every town has its own airfield. Planes fly passengers, mail and freight to the most distant villages. The gold that changed life so suddenly for Alaska was soon ended, and although many stories about mining camps have become part of'American literature, the gold from Alaskan earth contributed less to economic progress than the fish from Alaskan waters. The fish from Alaskan waters. The fish caught in a single year range in value from $ 80 million to $ 90 million. Fur-beating animals are plentiful in the forests and streams, and valuable fur seals inhabit the waters. Afterfishing, the state's chief industry is lumber and the production of wood pulp. In recent years, Alaska's single most important resource has become oil. The state also has large deposits of coal, copper, gold and other minerals.

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案填在相应横线上。 {{B}}Earthquake{{/B}} Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vast amount of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from landslides or major fires which are initiated by the quake. These are about a million quakes a year. Fortunately, however, not all of them are destructive. The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale, which goes from 0 upward. The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9. Major damage generally occurs from quakes ranging upward from 6.0. The actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at or below the earth's surface. This is produced by pressure which scientists b~lieve may be due to a number of reasons, two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earth's crust and continental drift. In order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes, scientists are working on ways to enable accurate prediction. Special instruments are used to help people record, for example, shaking of the earth. Scientists are trying to find methods that will enable them to indicate the exact time, location and size of an earthquake. Certain phenomena have been observed which are believed to be the signs of imminent earthquakes. These include strange behaviors of some animals, the changes in the content of mineral water, etc. The magnetic properties of rocks may also display special pattern before earthquakes happen.

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}}Robotic Highway Cones{{/B}} A University of Nebraska professor has developed robotic cones and barrels.{{U}} (1) {{/U}}They can even be programmed to move on their own at any particular part of the day, said Shane Farritor, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Nebraska. For example, if workers arrived at 6 a m, the cones could move from the side of the highway to block off the lane at that time.{{U}} (2) {{/U}}"It just seems like a very good application for robots," Farritor said. "The robotic cones would also help remove people from hazardous jobs on the highway putting barrels and cones into place," Farritor said in a report on his creation.{{U}} (3) {{/U}}This fund allowed Farritor to work on the project with graduate students at Nebraska and his assistant Steve Goddard. The robots are placed at the bottom of the cones and barrels and are small enough not to greatly change the appearance of the construction aides. "It would look exactly the same, "Farritor said. "Normally there's a kind of robbery, black base to them.{{U}} (4) {{/U}}" Farritor has talked with officials from the Nebraska Department of Roads about how the robots would be most useful to what they might need. The robots could come in handy following a slow-moving maintenance operation, like painting a stripe on a road or moving asphalt, where now the barrels have to be picked up and moved as the operation proceeds. "That way you don't have to block offa 10-mile strip for the operation," Fardtor said. While prototypes have been made, they are not in use anywhere. Farritor said he has applied for a patent and is considering what to do next.{{U}} (5) {{/U}}He is also thinking about marketing the robots to roads departments and others across the country who may benefit from them. cone n.圆锥体 hazardous adj.有危险的 aide n.辅助用具 robbery adj.类似橡胶的 strip n.条，带 asphalt n. 沥青 A. And they can return to the original place at the end of the day. B. He is thinking about starting a small business. C. Farritor was "Inventor of the Year" in 2003. D. Work on the idea began in 2002 using a National Academy of Sciences grant. E. We replace that with a robot. F. These robotic cones and barrels can move out of the way, or into place, from computer commands made miles away.

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 {{B}}Making the Leap{{/B}} Jumps play a big role in many styles of dancing. Generally, what makes a jump impressive is its hang time, the amount of time a dancer spends in the air. The quest for greater hang time is a battle against gravity, the constant{{U}} (1) {{/U}}pull of Earth, said Laws. To leave the ground at all, a dancer has to use leg muscles to create an upward push that is greater than Earth's downward pull. But the final{{U}} (2) {{/U}}of any jump depends on just one thing: the upward speed of the body just as the dancer leaves the ground. Strengthening muscles so they can push harder is one obvious{{U}} (3) {{/U}}to achieve higher jumps and increase hang time. But ballet dancers also use a simple trick to gain the illusion of staying in the air longer without actually doing so. In a huge sideways jump called a grand jete, a{{U}} (4) {{/U}}ballet dancer seems to float for an impossible length of time. Of course, a dancer can't really hang in the air. The laws of physics decree that during any jump, a dancer's center of gravity must follow a parabola. A parabola is the same{{U}} (5) {{/U}}path a ball takes when you throw it into the air. So how do dancers make it look like they're hanging in the air? A dancer{{U}} (6) {{/U}}the illusion of floating in the air by lifting her legs and arms as she approaches the peak of the jump. The{{U}} (7) {{/U}}of her body — her torso and her head — respond by sinking a bit. If her timing is just right, she'll seem to float sideways, instead of rising and falling. The effect is not only beautiful; it{{U}} (8) {{/U}}makes the jump seem bigger by "stretching out" the peak. Of course, what goes up must come down. During a typical grand jete, a dancer's center of gravity rises 2 feet{{U}} (9) {{/U}}the ground. Pulled by gravity from such a height, the dancer's body falls very fast —roughly 3.4 meters per second —by the time it reaches the floor. As it falls, the body carries with it momentum. Momentum is the weight of the body multiplied by its{{U}} (10) {{/U}}The bigger the body is and the faster it falls, the greater its momentum. The only way a dancer can stop dropping through the air is by stopping the body's momentum, which requires an{{U}} (11) {{/U}}force from the ground. Landing can be very jarring to a dancer and can{{U}} (12) {{/U}}injuries. The dancer call ease the landing by bending her knees and letting her aims fall, but she also gets help from an unexpected source: the floor. Wooden dance floors are designed to act{{U}} (13) {{/U}}shock absorbers. They are spring'y and can recoil as much as an inch under extreme pressure. That little bit of give makes a big{{U}} (14) {{/U}}Landing on a springy floor, the dancer undergoes a slower change in momentum than she would hitting a rigid floor. The give in the floor allows the decrease in momentum to happen more{{U}} (15) {{/U}}with less force and less chance of injury. jete n. (芭蕾舞中的)小跳 jarring adj. (产生)反弹力的 decree v.规定 springy adj.有弹性 parabola n. 抛物线 recoil v. 后缩 torso n.躯干 give n. 弹性，可弯性 momentum n.动量 1. A. parallelly B. upward 2. A. center B. height 3. A. street B. road 4. A. skillful B. beautiful 5. A. smooth B. short 6. A. changes B. uses 7. A. force B. movement 8. A. too B. also C. yet D. so 9. A. off B. out of C. along D. onto 10. A. temperature B. speed C. moisture D. time 11. A. rising B. falling C. opposing D. responding 12. A. increase B. cure C. remove D. cause 13. A. like B. love C. protect D. cancel 14. A. sameness B. resemblance C. difference D. nearness 15. A. gradually B. strongly C. spontaneously D. incidentally

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题：(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的横线上。 {{B}}Ford{{/B}} Ford's great strength was the manufacturing process — not invention. Long before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machines. He started putting cars together in 1891. Although it was by no means the first popular automobile.the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market. The company's assembly line alone threw America's Industrial Revolution into overdrive (高速运转). Instead of having workers put together the entire .car, Ford's friends, who were great toohnakers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line. By the time Ford's Highland Park plant was humming (嗡嗡作响) along in 1914, the world's first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes. The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the $ 5—a day minimum wage scheme, the greatest contribution he had ever made. The average wage in the auto industry then was $ 2.34 for a 9-hour shift. Ford not only doubled that, he also took an hour off the workday. In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didn't involve all awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal called the plan "an economic crime", and critics everywhere laughed at Ford. But as the wage increased later to daily $10, it proved a critical component of Ford's dream to make the automobile accessible (可及的) to all. The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didn't matter — except for making it possible for more people to buy Cars.

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项。 {{B}}China to Help Europe Develop GPS Rival{{/B}} China is to contribute to a new global satellite navigation system being developed by European nations. The Galileo satellite system{{U}} (1) {{/U}}a more accurate civilian alternative to the Global Positioning System (GPS), operated by the US military. China will provide 230m Euros (USD 259m) in{{U}} (2) {{/U}}and will cooperate with technical, manufacturing and market evelopment. "China will help Galileo to{{U}} (3) {{/U}}the major world infrastructure for the growing market for location services," said Loyola de Palacio, EU transport commissioner. A new center that will coordinate co-operation was also announced{{U}} (4) {{/U}}the European Commission, the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology not long{{U}} (5) {{/U}}. The China-Europe Global Navigation Satellite System Technical Training and Cooperation Center will be{{U}} (6) {{/U}}at Beijing University. China has a substantial satellite launch industry and could potentially help launch the Galileo satellites. The US has claimed that Galileo could interfere{{U}} (7) {{/U}}the US ability to downgrade the GPS service during military conflicts. European officials say this is unfounded and counter that US opposition{{U}} (8) {{/U}}the commercial challenge Galileo would present to GPS. Galileo will be precise to within a meter, while the civilian GPS service is accurate to around 10 meters. The Galileo satellite constellation will{{U}} (9) {{/U}}27 operational and three reserve satellites orbiting the Earth at all altitude of 23,600 km. The satellites will be strung along three medium-Earth orbits at 56 degrees inclination to the equator and will provide global coverage. The System should be operational by 2008 and the entire project is expected to{{U}} (10) {{/U}}around 3.2 billion Euros (USD 3.6 billion). The Europearl Commission has said Galileo will primarily be used for transportation technology, scientific research, land management and disaster monitoring. Galileo will provide two signals; a standard civilian one and an encrypted, wide-band signal{{U}} (11) {{/U}}the Public Regulated Service (PRS). This second signal is designed to withstand localized jamming and will be used by police and military services in Europe. European Commission{{U}} (12) {{/U}}have said China will not be given access to the PRS. The first Galileo satellite is scheduled to launch late in 2004. Clocks on board the{{U}} (13) {{/U}}will be synchronized through 20 ground sensors stations, two command centers and 15 uplink stations. Receivers on the ground will use time signals from the satellites to precisely calculate their{{U}} (14) {{/U}}. A "search and rescue" function will also{{U}} (15) {{/U}}distress signals be relayed through the constellation of satellites. infrastructure n. 基础结构，基础设施 encrypt v. 把……编码 jam v. (信号)干扰 unfounded adj.无事实根据的 sensorn. 传感器；敏感元件 constellation n.(卫星)群集 inclination n. 倾斜 uplink n. (从地球到通讯卫星的)上行线路，向上传输 1. A. offer B. offered C. will offer D. has offered 2. A. funding B. providing C. paying D. charging 3. A. build B. use C. become D. do 4. A. in B. at C. on D. by 5. A. before B. ago C. after D. later 6. A. found B. produced C. positioned D. located 7. A. with B. for C. about D. above 8. A. results in B. gives rise to C. is due to D. causes 9. A. be made from B. consist of C. consist in D. be consisted of 10. A. spend B. gain C. give D. cost 11. A. offered B. called C. used D. turned 12. A. officials B. countries C. organization D. agreement 13. A. 不填 B. the satellite C. the satellites D. satellites 14. A. speed B. direction C. distance D. location 15. A. send B. let C. allow D. transmit