填空题下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 The Building of the Pyramids The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids. They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems like that {{U}}(46) {{/U}}. There are over eighty of them scattered (分散的) along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the "Step" pyramid and the "Bent" pyramid. Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, {{U}}(47) {{/U}}. The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape {{U}}(48) {{/U}}. These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last for ever. It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids {{U}}(49) {{/U}}. However, there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves. Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used. Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools which have been found, archaeologists (考古学家) have formed a fairly clear picture of them. One thing is certain, there must have been months of careful planning {{U}}(50) {{/U}}. The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place. You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere. Certain rules had to be followed, and certain problems had to be overcome. A. for stone to use in modern buildings B. has made them less likely to fall into ruin C. before they could begin to build D. because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved E. while building the pyramids F. they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet

填空题High Dive kilometers up into the atmosphere. (1) . No one has ever leapt from such a height or gone supersonic without an airplane or a spacecraft. Yet Stems, an airline pilot, is not the only person who wants to be the first to accomplish those feats. Two other. have people an Australian man and a Frenchman, are also planning to make similar leaps. (1) . First, she'll climb into a cabin hanging from a balloon the size of a football field. Then the balloon will take her high into the's trato sphere -- the layer of Earth's atmosphere 12 to 50 kilometers above the planet. "The ascent will take two and a half to three hours." said Stems.”Tll be wearing a pressurized, temperature-controlled space suit.” At 40 kilometers, Stems will be able to see the gentle curve of Earth and the blackness of space over head. Then she'll unclip herself from the cabin and dive headfirst, like a bullet, into the atmosphere. (3) For high dive, astronaut escape suits are a key to success. Current pilot and astronaut escape suits are guaranteed only a maximum altitude of 21 kilometers. Del Rosso, a NASA engineer of spacesuits and life — support systems, said the suit designed for Stem's jump could serve as a model for the lethal environment of higher climbs. (4) The first hazard is oxygen-deficient air. Any person without an additional oxygen supply at 40 kilometers would die within three to five seconds. The second hazard is low atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure is much lower at high altitudes than it is at sea level. The low atmospheric pressure of the upper stratosphere causes the gases in body fluids to fizz out of solution like soda bubbles. (5) Other hazards include temperatures as low as 55 degrees Celsius, flying debris, and solar radiation. For Stems to survive, her spacesuit will have to protect her from all of these hazards. "A spacesuit is like a one-person spaceship," Del Rosso explained. "You have to take everything you need in a package that's light enough, mobile enough, and tough enough to do the job. You can't exist without it." A. It will handle several major hazards. B. Escape suits are tough enough to stand the atmospheric pressure of the upper stratosphere. C. From there, she'll take a death-defying leap back to Earth at supersonic speed. D. "In 30 seconds, I'll be going Mach speed," said Stems. E. How will Stems make her giant jump? F. In short, blood boils.

填空题A. How Sea Cucumbers Defend Themselves.B. Places Where Sea Cucumbers Live.C. Eccentricities of Sea Cucumbers.D. Favorite Food of Sea Cucumbers.E. Eating Habits of Sea Cucumbers.F. Color and Shape of Sea Cucumbers.

填空题 A. traditional lighting is less durable and dearer B. a laser excited the quantum dots C. America adopted LEDS D. graduate students work hard E. quantum dot mixtures are magic F. it is more efficient

填空题Public Relations Public relations is a broad set of planned communications about the company, including publicity releases, designed to promote goodwill and a favorable image. (46) Since public relations involves communications with stockholders, financial analysts, government officials, and other noncustomer groups, it is usually placed outside the marketing department, perhaps as a staff department or outside consulting firm reporting to tip management. This organizational placement can be a limitation because the public relations department or consultant will likely not be in tune with marketing efforts. (47) Although the basic purpose of public relations is to provide positive influence on the public image, this influence generally may be less than that provided by the other components of the public image mix. (48) Publicity on the other hand should not be divorced from the marketing department, as it can provide a useful adjunct to the regular advertising. (49) The point we wish to emphasize is that a firm is deluding itself if it thinks its public relations function, whether within the company or an outside firm, can take care of public image problems and opportunities. (50) Many of these have to do with the way the firm does business, such as its product quality, the servicing and handling of complaints, and the tenor of the advertising. Public relations and directed publicity may help highlight favorable newsworthy events, and may even succeed in toning down the worst of unfavorable publicity, but the other components of the public image mix create more lasting impressions. A. Publicity may be in the form of news releases that have favorable overtones for the company initiated by the public relations department. B. Furthermore, not all publicity is initiated by the firm; some can result form an unfavorable press as a reaction to certain actions or lack of actions that are controversial or even down-right ill-advised. C. Publicity then is part of public relations when it is initiated by the firm, usually in the form of press releases or press conferences. D. Many factors impact on the public image. E. It surely causes heavy losses to the company. F. Poor communication and no coordination may be the consequences.

填空题Should the U.S. halt human space flight? The Columbia accident has revived the debate on whether the rewards of human space exploration are worth the risks. No. I was a teacher when men first landed on the moon in 1969, and I remember how it moved my students and this country. (46) And we haven't ventured outward since then. That's 30 years too long! America's human space-flight program is adrift, with no clear vision or goals beyond the completion of the International Space Station. I want NASA to establish a phased series of goals over the next 20 years, including human visits to asteroids that cross the Earth's orbit, establishing a research and living facility for humans on the moon, and human expeditions to the surface of Mars and its moons. (47) . An astronaut is today's Christopher Columbus, who sailed into the unknown and discovered the Americas. The knowledge we gain from having actual people exploring can never be replaced by robots. (48) Robots are useful, but humans can do things that robots can't. The real obstacle we face in overcoming the drift in the nation's human space-flight program is not technological and it's not financial. (49) . The lesson from the Columbia accident is not that humans don't belong in space. (50) .A Instead, we should honor the memory of the lost astronauts by pushing our exploration of space future.B Astronauts are key to this expanded exploration.C It's the lack of commitment to get started.D Until then, we should stop risking people's lives by sending them into space.E It is now more than 30 years since the last American left the surface of the moon and returned to Earth.F Our ability to send humans into space and have them return gives us amazing information about ourselves and our universe.

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}}Argument for Running{{/B}} It was perfect July day in Vermont-- clear and cool. Jim Fixx, on the eve of a longawaited vacation, put on his running clothes and headed down a rural road for his daily run, expecting to do the usual twelve to fifteen miles.{{U}} (46) {{/U}}, the best selling author of The Complete Book Of Running, and the reigning instructor of the American exercise group. In 1968 he had weighed 214 pounds, smoked two packs of cigarettes a day, and worried about his family health history.{{/U}} (47) {{/U}}. So Fixx started running and stopped smoking, he lost 60 pounds and introduced America to the virtues of strenuous exercise: longevity, freedom from depression, energy, and the "runner's high." He regularly ran 80 miles a week. When he hit the road on July 21, 1984, Fixx weighed 154 pounds and seemed the perfect image of fitness.{{U}} (48) {{/U}}. A motorcyclist found his body later that afternoon. {{U}} (49) {{/U}}. Of all people, how could Jim Fixx have died of a heart attack? Millions of joggers, runners, swimmers, cyclists, tri-athletes, walkers, weightlifters, had convinced themselves that exercise preserved youth and postponed death. It was the yuppie panacea; "working out" made them immune to the ravage of time. Even more puzzling, Fixx had been complaining for months of chest pains while running--clear signs of a deadly angina, the heart muscle protecting lack of oxygen{{U}} (50) {{/U}}. He resisted, attempting to will good health. In January 1984, he had agreed to a treadmill test, but he skipped the appointment that afternoon, running 16 miles instead. Why had someone so committed to death ignored such obvious warnings? How had sports, exercise, and fitness become such obsessions in the U. S. ?A Twenty minutes into the run he had a massive heart attack and died on the side of roadB Fixx' death shocked middle-and upper-class AmericaC Friends had expressed concern and urged him to get a check-upD Fixx's father had died of a heart attack at age of forty-threeE At fifty-two years of age, Fixx was a millionaireF The impact of walking is reduced by at least a third compared to running

填空题Obesity Causes Global Warming The list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing: Last week, obese people were accused of causing global warming. This conclusion comes from Sheldon Jacobson of the University of Illinois, US, and a doctoral student, Laura McLay. Their study calculates how much extra gasoline is needed to haul fat Americans around. The answer, they say, is a billion gallons of gas per year. (46) . There has been calls for taxes on junk food in recent years. (47) . "We tax cigarettes partly because of their health cost," Schmidt said. "Similarly, leading a lazy lifestyle will end up costing taxpayers more." US political scientist Eric Oliver said his first instinct was to laugh at these gas and fast food arguments. But such claims are getting attention. At the US Obesity Society's annual meeting, one person correlated obesity with car accident deaths, and another correlated obesity with suicides. (48) . "The funny thing was that everyone took it seriously," Oliver said. In a 1960s study, children were shown drawings of children with disabilities and without them, and a drawing of an obese child. They were asked which they would want for a friend? (49) . Three researchers recently repeated the study using college students. Once again, almost no one, not even obese people, liked the obese person. "Obesity was stigmatized," the researchers said. But, researchers say, getting thin is not like quitting smoking. People struggle to stop smoking, and, in the end, many succeed. Obesity is different. But, not because obese people don't care. (50) . Genes also play a part.A. A meager diet may keep you thin.B. It means an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.C. The obese child was picked last.D. US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food delivered to people's carsE. Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.F. No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship.

填空题Transport and Trade 1. Transport is one of the aids to trade. By moving goods from places where they are plentiful to places where they are scarce, transport adds to their value. The more easily goods can be brought over the distance that separates producer and consumer, the better for trade. When there were no railways, no good roads, no canals, and only small sailing ships, trade was on a small scale. 2. The great advances made in transport during the last two hundred years were accompanied by a big increase in trade. Bigger and faster ships enabled a trade in meat to develop between Britain and New Zealand, for instance. Quicker transport makes possible mass-production and big business, drawing supplies from, and selling goods to, all parts of the globe. Big factories could not exist without transport to carry the large number of workers they need to and from their homes. Big city stores could not have developed unless customers could travel easily from the suburbs and goods delivered to their homes. Big cities could not survive unless food could be brought from a distance. 3. Transport also prevents waste. Much of the fish landed at the ports would be wasted if it could not be taken quickly to inland towns. Transport has given us a much greater variety of foods and goods since we no longer have to live on what is produced locally. Foods which at one time could be obtained only during a part of the year can now be obtained all through the year. Transport has raised the standard of living. 4. By moving fuel, raw materials, and even power, for example, through electric cables, transport has led to the establishment of industries and trade in areas where they would have been impossible before. Districts and countries can concentrate on making things which they can do better and more cheaply than others and can then exchange them with one another. The cheaper and quicker transport becomes, the longer the distance over which goods can profitably be carried. Countries with poor transport have a lower standard of living. 5. Commerce requires not only the moving of goods and people but also the carrying of messages and information. Means of communication, like telephones, cables and radio, send information about prices, supplies, and changing conditions in different parts of the world. In this way, advanced communication systems also help to develop trade.

填空题A. Drying Fruit in the Traditional Way.B. Food Drying Histrory.C. Water in Food.D. Drying of Liquid Food.E. Advantages of Dry Food.F. Mechanical Food Dehydration.

填空题阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}}Reinventing the Table{{/B}} An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table to make chemistry simpler to teach to students. {{U}} (46) {{/U}}But Bruce Railsback from the University of Georgia says he is the first to create a table that breaks with tradition and shows the ions of each element rather than just the elements themselves. "I got tired of breaking my arms trying to explain the periodic table to earth students," he says, criss-crossing his hands in the air and pointing to different bits of a traditional table.{{U}} (47) {{/U}}But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which. "Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what's going on with the elements," says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge.{{U}} (48) {{/U}}. {{U}} (49) {{/U}}He explains that sulphur, for example, shows up in three different spots -- one for sulphide, which is found in minerals, one for sulphitr, and one for sulphate, which is found in sea salt, for instance. He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients, and which are common in soil or water.{{U}} (50) {{/U}}.A There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drew it up in 1871.B Railsback has still ordered the elements according lo the number Of protons they have.C "I imagine this would be good for undergraduates."D Railsback has listed some elements more than once.E And the size of element's symbol reflects how much of it is found in the Earth's crust.F The traditional periodic table was well drawn.

填空题A Heroic Woman　　The whole of the United States cheered its latest hero,Ashley Smith,with the Federal Bureau of lnvestigation saying it was planning to give a big reward to her for having a brave heart and wise mind.　　 (36) She was moving into her apartment in Atlanta,Georgia early on the morning of March 12,when a man followed her to her door and put a gun to her side."I started walking to my door,and I felt really,really afraid,"she said in a TV interview last week.The man was Brian Nichols,33.He was suspected of killing three people at an Atlanta courthouse(法院)on March 11 and later of killing a federal agent. (37) 　　Nichols tied Smith up with tape,but released her after she repeatedly begged him not to take her life."I told him if he hurt me,my little girl wouldn't have a mummy,"she said.In order to calm the man down,she read to him from"The Purpose-Driven Life",a best-selling religious book.He asked her to repeat a paragraph"about what you thought your purpose in life was-what talents were you given." (38) 　　"I basically just talked to him and tried to gain his trust,"Smith said.　　Smith said she asked Nichols why he chose her."He said he thought I was an angel sent from God,and we were Christian sister and brogher,"she said."And that he was lost,and that God led him to me to tell him that he had hurt a lot of peopole." (39) She said Nichols was surprised when she made him breakfast and that the two of them watched television coverage(报道)of the police hunt for him."I cannot believe that's me,"Nichols told the woman.Then,Nichols asked Smith what she thought he should do.She said,"I think you should turn yourself in.If you don't,lots more people are going to get hurt."　 Eventually,he let her go. (40) A US$60,000 reward had been posted for Nichols' capture.Authorities said they did not yet know if Smith would be eligible(有资格的)for that money.　　A. The local police were searching for him.　　B. Smith is a 26-year-old single mother with a daughter.　　C. Smith tried very hard to kill Nichols.　　D. She even cooked breakfast for the man before he allowed her to leave.　　E. And the two of them discussed this topic.　　F. Then she called the police.

填空题Women"s Rights Movement 1. Women"s rights are guarantees of political, social, and economic equality for women in a society that traditionally gives more power and freedom to men. Among these rights are control of property, equality of opportunity in education and employment, right of voting, and freedom of marriage. Today, complete political, economic, and social equality with men remains to be achieved. 2. Male control was obvious from the time of the earliest written historical records, probably as a result of men"s rote in hunting and warfare. The belief that women were naturally weaker and inferior to men was also found in god-centered religions. Therefore, in most traditional societies, women generally were at a disadvantage. Their education was limited to learning domestic skills, and they had no access to positions of power. A woman had no legal control over her person, her own land and money, or her children. 3. The Age of Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution, which caused economic and social progress, provided a favorable climate for the rise of women"s rights movement in the late 18th and the 19th century. In 1848 more than 100 persons held the first women"s rights convention in New York, and the feminists demanded equal rights, including the vote. 4. In the late 1960s women made up about 40 percent of the work force in England, France, Germany, and the United States. This figure rose to more than 50 percent by the mid-1980s. A commission under the President was established in 1960 to consider equal opportunities for women. Acts of Congress entitled them to equality in education, employment, and legal rights. In 1964 the Civil Rights Act, initially intended only for blacks, was extended to women. 5. The objectives of the women"s movement included equal pay for equal work, federal support for day-care centers, recognition of lesbian (女性同性恋) rights, making abortion legal, and the focus of serious attention on the problems of forced sex relations, wife and child beating, and discrimination against older and minority women. A．Goals B．History of Women"s Rights Movement C．Start of women"s Rights Movement D．Traditional Status of Women E．Rights of Women F．Development

填空题Every Dog Has Its Say Kimiko Fukuda, a Japanese girl, always wondered what her dog was trying to say. Whenever she put on makeup, it would pull at her sleeve. 1 When the dog barks, she glances at a small electronic gadget (装置). The following "human" translation appears on its screen: "Please take me with you." "I realized that"s how he was feeling," said Fukuda. The gadget is called Bowlingual, and it translates dog barks into feelings. People laughed when the Japanese toymaker Takara Company made the world"s first dog-human translation machine in 2002. But 300,000 Japanese dog owners bought it. 2 "Nobody else had thought about it," said Masahiko Kajita, who works for Takara. "We spend so much time training dogs to understand our orders; what would it be like if we could understand dogs?" Bowlingual has two parts. 3 The translation is done in the gadget using a database (资料库) containing every kind of bark. Based on animal behaviour research, these noises are divided into six categories: happiness, sadness, frustration, anger, declaration and desire. 4 In this way, the database scientifically matches a bark to an emotion, which is then translated into one of 200 phrases. When a visitor went to Fukuda"s house recently, the dog barked a loud "bow wow". This translated as "Don"t come this way". 5 The product will be available in US pet stores this summer for about US $120. It can store up to 100 barks, even recording the dog"s emotions when the owner is away. A. A wireless microphone is attached to the dog"s collar, which sends information to the gadget held by the owner. B. Nobody really knows how a dog feels. C. It was followed by "I"m stronger than you" as the dog growled (嗥叫) and sniffed (嗅) at the visitor. D. More customers are expected when the English version is launched this summer. E. Now, the Japanese girl thinks she knows. F. Each one of these emotions is then linked to a phrase like "Let"s play", "Look at me", or "Spend more time with me".

填空题 Intelligence: a Changed View 1. Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity (存在，实体), some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its value therefore, was as a predictor of children's future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming (分组) children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education. 2. Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate (内在的) intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows a great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates. 3. There are evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence (习得智利). Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment is. We cannot observe and measure innate intelligence, whereas we can observe and measure the effects of the interaction (相互作用) of whatever is inherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment. Researchers have been investigating what happens in this interaction. 4. Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greatest part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between "privileged" and "disadvantaged" children may be due to the latter's lack of appropriate verbal stimulation (激发，促进) and the poverty of their perceptual experiences. 5. These research findings have led to a revision m our understanding of the nature of intelligence. Instead of it being some largely inherited fixed power of the mind, we now see it as a set of developed skills with which a person copes with any environment. These skills have to be learned and, indeed, one of them is learning how to learn. 6. The modern ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer children will be given the label "low IQ" which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not society's eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people. A．Effect of Environment on Intelligence B．Difference Between Genetic Intelligence and Observed Intelligence C．Main Results of Recent Researches D．Environment and Achievement E．Impact on School Education F．A Changed View of Intelligence

填空题Verne"s Accurate Preview of the Future Since the beginning of time, man has been interested in the moon. The Romans designed a special day to show admiration and respect to the moon. They called it "Moonday", or "Monday", as we know it today. Later, the great mind of Leonardo da Vinci studied the moon and designed a machine to carry a human to the moon. Leonardo said that one day a great machine bird would take a person to the moon and bring great honor to the home where it was born. Four and a half centuries later, Leonardo"s idea was realized. Apollo Ⅱ took three Americans Collins, Aldrin, and Armstrong to the moon. The mission (任务) did fill the whole world with great surprise, as Leonardo had said it would. Numerous essays, articles, and books were written about man"s first moon mission. But perhaps the most interesting story was one written before the event over 100 years before. In 1865, French author Jules Verne wrote a story about the first journey to the moon. His story was very similar to the 1969 Apollo Ⅱ mission. Verne"s spacecraft also contained three men—two Americans and a Frenchman. The spacecraft was described as being almost the same size as Apollo Ⅱ. The launch (发射) site in Verne"s story was also in Florida. The spacecraft in Verne"s story was named the "Columbiad". The Apollo Ⅱ command ship was called "Columbia". His account of sending the spacecraft into the space could easily have been written about how Apollo Ⅱ was sent into the space. Verne"s story was the same as the actual event in several other respects. The speed of Verne"s spacecraft was 36,000 feet per second; Apollo"s was 35,533 feet per second. Verne"s spacecraft took 97 hours to reach the moon; Apollo"s time was 103 hours. Like Apollo"s spacemen, Verne"s spacemen took pictures of the moon"s surface, relaxed on their seats, cooked with gas, and experienced weightlessness. They too came down in the Pacific and were picked up by an American warship. What were the reasons for Jules Verne"s extreme accuracy in describing an event 100 years or more before it actually occurred? He based his writings on the laws of physics and astronomy (天文学). Nineteenth-century science and the vivid Verne"s imagination gave people an unbelievably accurate preview of one of the greatest events of the 20th century.

填空题下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 The World's Longest Bridge Rumor has it that a legendary six-headed monster lurks in the deep waters of the Tyrhenian Sea between Italy and the island of Sicily. {{U}}(46) {{/U}}When completed in 2010, the world's longest bridge will weight nearly 300,000 tons—equivalent to the iceberg that sank the Titanic—and stretch 5 kilometers long. "That's nearly 50 percent longer than any other bridge ever built," says structural engineer Shane Rixon. {{U}} (47) {{/U}}They're suspension bridges, massive structures built to span vast water channels or gorges. A suspension bridge needs just two towers to shoulder the structure's mammoth weight, thanks to hefty supporting cables slung between the towers and anchored firmly in deep pools of cement at each end of the bridge. The Messina Strait Bridge will have two 54,100-ton towers, which will support most of the bridge's load. The beefy cables of the bridge, each 1.2 meter in diameter, will hold up the longest and widest bridge deck ever built. When construction begins on the Messina Strait Bridge in 2005, the first job will be to erect two 370 meter-tall steel towers. {{U}}(48) {{/U}}. Getting these cables up will be something. It's not just their length—totally 5.3 kilometers—but their weight. {{U}}(49) {{/U}} After lowering vertical "suspender" cables from the main cables, builders will erect a 60 meter-wide 54,630-ton steel roadway, or deck—wide enough to accommodate 12 lanes of traffic. The deck's weight will pull down on the cables with a force of 70,500 tons. In return, the cables yank up against their firmly rooted anchors with a force of 139,000 tons—equivalent to the weight of about 100,000 cars. Those anchors are essential. {{U}}(50) {{/U}} A. Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds. B. What do the world's longest bridges have in common? C. If true, one day you might spy the beast while zipping (呼啸而过) across the Messina Strait Bridge. D. They're what will keep the bridge from going anywhere. E. The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait, each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires. F. They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons—more than half the bridge's total mass.

填空题 The Caribbean Islands What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands? Palm trees and coconuts (椰子)? White beaches and clear, blue ocean? Colorful corals (珊瑚) and even more colorful fishes and birds? You bet. There are thousands of islands in the Caribbean Sea. They are famous for their arm, tropical climate and great natural beauty. The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. Some of the islands were formed by the eruption (爆发) of ancient volcanoes (火山). {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}} The Caribbean Islands are known by several names. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}The explorer Christopher Columbus called the islands the Indies in 1492 because he thought he was near the coast of India. Later, Spain and France called the islands the Antilles. There are four large islands in the Caribbean Sea. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}These four islands are often called the Greater Antilles Together, they account for about 90 percent of the land area of the Caribbean Islands. The rest of the Caribbean Islands are much smaller. Some of these islands are no more than tiny slivers (小片) of exposed coral. You can see why pirates (海盗) such as the famous Blackbeard sailed these waters. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}} {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}The weather of the Caribbean Sea is almost always warm and sunny. Sandy beaches line the coasts of many islands. This is why millions of tourists visit the islands each year. A. But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always painful B. The earliest name used by Europeans is the Indies, later changed to the West Indies C. Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean D. They are Cuba, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and Hispaniola E. Many tourists arrive on cruise ships F. There are countless small islands to bury treasure or hide on

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的横线上。 {{B}}The Magic Io Personal Digital Pen{{/B}} Check out the personal digital pen by Logitech: It's a magic pen that can store everything you write and transfer it to your computer. And you don't have to lug a hand-held device along with you for it to work. Logitech's technology works like this: the pen writes normally, using normal ballpoint pen ink. But while you are writing, a tiny camera inside the pen is also taking 100 snapshots per second of what you are doing, mapping your writing via a patchwork of minute dots printed on the paper. All this information —the movement of your pen on the paper, basically —s then stored digitally inside the pen, whether you are writing notes or drawing complex diagrams. You can store up to 40 pages worth of doodles in the pen's memory. As far you are concerned, you are just using a normal pen. It is only when you drop the pen into its PC-connected cradle (支架 that the fun begins. Special software on your PC will figure out what you have done, and begin to download any documents you have written since the last time it was there. Depending on whether you have ticked (打上记号)rtain boxes on the special notepad (记事本)t can also tell whether the document is destined to be an e-mail, a "to do" task, or a diagram to be inserted into a word-processing document. Once the documents are downloaded you can view them, print them out or convert them to other formals. The io personal digital pen is a neat and simply solution to the problem of storing, sharing and retrieving handwritten notes, as well as for handling diagrams, pictures and other non-text doodling. You don't have to carry a laptop along with you. All you have to do is just whip out the pen and the special paper and you are off. It is a great product because it does not force you to work differently —alking around with a screen strapped to your arm, or carrying with you extra bits and pieces. The pen is light and workslike a normal pen if you need it to, while the special notepads look and feel like notepads. The only strange looks will be from people who are curious about why your are writing with a cigar. The io personal digital pen also has potential elsewhere. Fedex, for example, is introducing a version of the pen so that customers can fill out forms by hand — instead of punching letter into cumbersome devices. Once that data is digital more or less anything can be done with it — transferring it wirelessly to a central computer, for example, or via a hand-phone. Doctors could transmit their prescriptions direct to pharmacies, reducing fraud; policemen could send their reports back to the station, reducing paper work.

填空题 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第3～6段每段选择1个最佳标题：(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 Intelligence: a Changed View 1. Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity(存在，实体), some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its value therefore, was as a predictor of children's future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming(分组) children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education. 2. Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows ~e great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates. 3. There are evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence. Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment. We cannot observe and measure innate(内在的) intelligence, whereas we can measure the effects of the interaction(相互作用) of whatever is inherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment. Researches have been investigation what happens in this interaction. 4. Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 per cent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predicable by the age of four. Secondly, the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between "privileged" and "disadvantaged" children may be due to the latter's lack of appropriate verbal stimulation (激发，促进) and the poverty of their perceptual experiences. 5. These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature of intelligence. Instead of it being some largely inherited fixed power of the mind, we now see it as a set of developed skills with which a person copes with any environment. These skills have to be learned and, indeed, one of them is learning how to learn. 6. The modern ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer children will be given the label "low IQ" which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not society's eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people. A. Effect of Environment on Intelligence B. Difference Between Genetic Intelligence and Observed Intelligence C. Main Results of Recent Researches D. Environment and Achievement E. Impact on School Education F. A changed View of Intelligence