单选题We had a long conversation about her parents.

单选题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} The primary consideration in achieving a balanced diet is not how much or how little we eat, but what we eat. The body is a highly complex self-generator, that is to say, provided it is given the right fuel, it is capable of both curing and warding off disease. Like any other machine, however, if it is inexpertly cared for, over-taxed or insufficiently used, it will become rusty, sluggish or clogged and parts of its mechanism may even grind to a halt. The proper care of the body requires an understanding of its needs, allowing for variations resulting from climate, age or occupation. To keep in good running order, the body requires the raw materials for growth and the replacement of tissues when necessary. Our bodies burn food like fuel to produce the energy we need. Basically we need carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins and minerals, together with regular but not excessive exercise. Carbohydrates are found in foods such as bread, potatoes and sugar. They are excel- lent energy producers, but if eaten too excess may be largely converted to fat and a reduction in the amount of carbohydrates or "starchy' foods is one of the obvious ways to reduce weight, since most of us eat too much of them anyway. Protein, found in meat and cheese, is used for tissue building and in the developed countries most people eat about ll0g daily, which is a good deal more than the recommended minimum of 70g a day. In underdeveloped countries where food is scarce and periodical famine may occur, children in particular suffer from protein deficiency, since this is the material most need- ed for growth. Animal fats, e. g. butter, are also good sources of energy, but are some- times held to cause increased cholesterol levels in the blood (which may lead to fatty de- posits in the arteries) and are therefore best avoided by people suffering from certain forms of heart disease, vegetable fats being recommended as a substitute. Vitamins are another essential requirement for health. There are about forty known vitamins, but the most generally referred to are A, B, C, D and E. Deficiency of Vita- min A, found in carrots, liver, etc. , is alleged to affect the vision and the skin and re- duce resistance to infection. Vitamin C, present in nearly all fruit, particularly oranges and other citrus fruit, has come to be regarded as particularly effective in the prevention of colds and low energy states and claims have recently been put forward regarding the efficacy of large doses of Vitamin C in the treatment of certain mental illnesses. Among the minerals we need, the most important are calcium, iron and iodine. Milk is one of the richest sources of calcium, which helps to build our bones and our teeth. Lack of iron in the blood produces anaemia and children and others suffering from anaemic conditions are generally advised to increase their intake of iron, which may be found in liver, molasses and dates among other foods. In any diet, natural foods are best. In the Western world, at least, we have become increasingly dependent on "convenience foods": frozen peas, tinned meat and fish, ready-to-eat meals from the supermarket, anything which is quick to prepare, looks more or less appetising and satisfies our immediate hunger. We have ceased to care that most of what we eat has had the goodness processed out of it. We rely on pills to supply what our food lacks. We ignore the preservatives, artificial coloring and additives in the packaged foods we buy. In the kind of world we live in, however, there is, of course, no quick, easy answer. Climate and work play an important part in diet. People in hot climates require fewer carbohydrates than those in colder regions, and those engaged in heavy manual labor or physical exertion, such as dockers or athletes, require more protein to keep them fit for their work. We are all individuals and a balanced diet must take into account genetics, environment, employment and, last but not least, emotional stress. Tension and anxiety are often the underlying causes of over-and underweight and even dietary deficiency since our nervous system needs to be fed as much as any other part of our body.

单选题 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案填。{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}} Medical Journals{{/B}} Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals. In the past, these journals were available only in print. With the development of electronic publishing, many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet, and some journals publish only online. A few medical journals, like the Journal of the American Medical Association, are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine. Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine. Medical journals publish many types of articles. Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials that compare outcomes of different treatments. Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature. Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease. Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat at them. Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors, often regarding a research or review article published in the same issue. Editorials provide perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic. Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments, questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal.

单选题Hercules served a king. The king was afraid of him. So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens. But no one knew where the garden was. The king knew exactly where the Singing Maiden's garden was.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned

单选题The boys broke into excited cheering.

单选题We no longer keep up the close friendship of few years ago, though we still visit each other on occasion.A. in good timeB. up to dateC. now and thenD. once and for all

单选题He is charming; {{U}}nevertheless{{/U}}, I don't quite trust him. A. however B. therefore C. despite D. afterwards

单选题About End-of-life Care Dying patients are happier, less depressed, have less pain and survive longer when their end-of-life care wishes are known and followed, researchers report. This type of patient-centered care can also help to keep costs down 1 patients who don"t want aggressive treatments and those with advanced cancers and other diseases that can"t be effectively treated, the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) research team said. "We can improve care while 2 costs by making sure that everything we do is centered on what the patient wants and what his or her specific goals are, and then tailoring a treatment plan to ensure we 3 the specific care he or she wants," Dr. Jonathan Bergman, a clinical scholar and fellow in the urology department, said in a university news release. 4 many eases, dying patients are given aggressive treatments that don"t help them and 5 higher costs. Patients who want 6 care should, of course, receive it, Bergman said. But many don"t want such treatments and simply have not been 7 about their needs and desires, according to Bergman and colleagues, who are testing patient-centered care 8 cancer patients. To change this situation, doctors need to be educated about patient-centered care, the researchers said. They also 9 that changes to Medicare should be considered. But this is a highly controversial topic that has been sidelined after recent suggested changes were characterized as creating "death panels". "Given the disproportionate cost of care at the very 10 of life, the issue should be revisited," Bergman and colleagues wrote. "We should address goals of care, not to 11 aggressive care to those who want it, but to ensure that we deliver aggressive care only to those who 12 . This reduces costs and improves outcomes. " Medical care during the final stages of life is often poorly coordinated and fails to take into account a patient"s preferences, the UCLA researchers say. It also consumes the lion"s share of health care dollars. A 2004 study found that 30 percent of Medicare resources are 13 on the 5 percent of beneficiaries who die each year, and one-third in the final year of life 14 during the final month. Yet research has shown that by instituting patient-centered care, costs in the last week of a patient"s life can be reduced 15 36 percent, and death, when it comes, is less likely to occur in an intensive care unit.

单选题 阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 Hospital visits can be unsettling for all{{U}} (51) {{/U}}and visitors are often unsure of how to behave at the bedside of sick friend or{{U}} (52) {{/U}}. This may explain why so many people shy away from a hospital visit--not for fear of infection{{U}} (53) {{/U}}rather of saying the wrong thing. By following a few simple guidelines though, embarrassment can easily be avoided. "A visit is important for a sick person because it allows them to{{U}} (54) {{/U}}social contact," says Karl Koehle, professor at the Institute for Psychosomatics and Clinical Psychology at Cologne University. Visiting{{U}} (55) {{/U}}, he says, can actually strengthen interpersonal relationships. "Unfortunately, many people only think of this aspect during the first few weeks." Then again, not{{U}} (56) {{/U}}patient may want to receive visitors. So it's always advisable to arrange a visit{{U}} (57) {{/U}}with the sick person or a close friend or relative. "That applies particularly to visits to a home, even more than in hospital," says Inge Wolff, head of the international Working Group on Etiquette in Bielefeld. But moderation is{{U}} (58) {{/U}}. There are frequent cases of{{U}} (59) {{/U}}ill people becoming worn{{U}} (60) {{/U}}by an endless streams of visitors. "That's when the doctors might call a halt to it," says Koehle from experience. "And the other patients in the ward need to be taken into{{U}} (61) {{/U}}, too," says etiquette expert Inge Wolff. They can often feel pestered by a neighbour's frequent visits. Mobile phones should always be turned off and kept out of{{U}} (62) {{/U}}during a visit. Otherwise, the sick person could get the impression that the visitor really has no time and would like to be off as soon as an opportune moment{{U}} (63) {{/U}}, says Wolff.{{U}} (64) {{/U}}hospitals forbid the use of cellphones in the vicinity of hospital equipment. Visitors should take a small gift such as a newspaper or magazine,{{U}} (65) {{/U}}a book. Sweets are tricky, says Inge Wolff, because the patient maybe under instructions to keep to a special diet. Also, the present shouldn't be too large or "over the top"-- such as a huge basket of fruit.

单选题Anthropologist Barbara Myerhoff furthered her reputation as an authority on Native American culture with her study of the symbols, myths, and rituals of the Huichols.A. deservedB. retainedC. renewedD. advanced

单选题Working Mums' Children Less Fit Children whose mothers work are less likely to lead healthy lives than those with "stay at home" mums, a study says. The Institute of Child Health study of more than 12,500 five -year- olds found those with working mothers less active and more likely to eat unhealthy food. Other experts said more work was needed to see if the results applied to other age groups. The mothers were asked about the hours they worked and their children' s diet, exercise levelsand sedentary activities. They found that five - year - olds whose mothers worked part - time or full -time were more likely to primarily consume sweetened drinks between meals. They used their computers or watched television for at least two hours a day compared to the children of "stay at home" mums who spent less than two hours on these activities. They were also more likely to be driven to school compared to the children of "stay at home" mothers who tended to walk or cycle. Professor Catherine Law, who led the study said: "Time constraints may limit parents' capacity to provide their children with healthy foods and opportunities for physical activity. " The same children took part in an earlier study by the Institute of Child Health (ICH)which found that those with working mothers were more likely to be obese or overweight by the age of three. In the latest study, many of the five - year - olds were engaging in unhealthy behaviors likely to promote excess weight gain: 37% were mainly eating crisps and sweets between meals, 41% were consuming sweetened drinks and 61% used the television or a computer at least two hours daily. Glenys Jones, nutritionist with the Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, said the study was interesting because of limited research so far on the impact of maternal employment on child health choices. Sally Russell, a spokesman for Netmums, said: "The stress and guilt associated with being a working mum is something we are all too well aware of. This report adds to that guilt. With many more mums having no choice but to work these days and with government policy actively encouraging it, it is difficult to know how mums can do better. /

单选题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。 {{B}}Smoking{{/B}} Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard. The trend of the evidence has been consistent and indicates that there is a serious health risk. Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy. Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply. Apart from statistics, it might be helpful to look at what smoking tobacco does to the human body. Smoke is a mixture of gases, vaporized chemicals, minute particles of ash and other solids. There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar. As smoke is breathed in, all those components form deposits on the membranes of the lungs. One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus divides. Most lung cancer begins at this point. Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not eliminate the hazards.

单选题Corporations A corporation is a firm owned by one or more individuals who own shares of stock that define ownership and rights to profits. Liability is limited to the value of corporation assets. Although corporations constitute the smallest category of business organization in the United States, they conduct most of the business. In 1998. corporations accounted for just 19 percent of the total number of firms in the economy but 90 percent of total business revenuers. From these numbers we can infer that many large firms are corporations and that this form of business organization possesses certain advantages over the proprietorship and the partnership in conducting large-scale production and marketing. In a corporation, ownership is divided into equal parts called shares of stock. Shares are the equal portions into which ownership of a corporation is divided. If any stockholder dies or sells out to a new owner, the existence of the business organization is not terminated or endangered as it is in a proprietorship or partnership. For this reason the corporation is said to possess the feature of continuity(连续性). Another feature that makes the corporation radically different from other forms of business organization is share transferability—the right of owners to transfer their shares by sale or gift without having to obtain the permission of other shareholders(股东). For many large organizations, shares of stock are traded on a stock market such as the New York Stock Exchange. Other corporations, however, are smaller, and their shares are traded so seldom that they are not even listed on formal stock exchanges. The shares of these firms are traded by in- dependent stockbrokers(股票经纪人) on the over-the-counter market. Share transferability is the most economically important feature of the corporation; in fact, share transferability is one reason for the origin of the corporation. It allows owners and managers to specialize, increasing efficiency and profitability in the firm. Owners of stock in a corporation do not need to be concerned with the day-to-day operations of the firm. All that owners need to do is observe the changing price of the firm's shares on the stock market to decide whether the company is being competently managed if they are dissatisfied with the performance of the company, they can sell their stock. Managers, on the other hand, specialize in reviewing the day-to-day operations of the corporation. Still another feature of the corporation is limited liability. Corporate shareholders are responsible for the debts or liabilities of the corporation only to the extent that they have invested in it. Many investors preferinvestments in which their risk of personal loss is strictly limited; the amount of direct investment in corporations is therefore increased as a result of the limited liability involved.

单选题I'd very much like to know what your aim in life is

单选题A health profile is a portrait of all of the factors that influence your health. To draw your health profile, you will need to know what diseases run in your family, what health hazards you may be exposed to at work, how your daily diet compares to the recommended standards, how much time per week you spend exercising and what type of exercise you engage in, how stressful your work and family environments are, what kinds of illnesses you get regularly, and whether or not you have any one of a number of addictions. To complete this portrait, you should have a checkup to determine how your blood, heart, and lungs are functioning. This checkup will serve as a baseline (基础，起点), to which you can then compare later tests. What is a health profile?A. A general description of all the factors that influence one's health.B. A speculation on one's habits both at home and work.C. A review of one's medical history in the past few years.D. A phyrsical checkup on one's health status.

单选题In prehistoric times people seldom stayed anywhere for very long because their food supply usually ran out .

单选题Mr. Henly has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year.

单选题Nightingale played a great role in

单选题Some drugs taken in large quantities cause permanent brain damage. A. temporary B. intermittent C. lasting D. instant

单选题You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position.