单选题Beyond the Pap Scientists have known for some time that virtually all cases of cervical cancer are triggered by a family of viruses called human papillomavirus, or HPV. Most women who become infected with HPV are able to shake off the virus and suffer no apparent long-term consequences to their health. But a few women develop a persistent infection that can, for reasons that are not entirely clear, eventually lead to cancerous changes in the cervix. Now researchers at the Digene Corp. of Beltsville, Maryland, have developed a test that detects an active HPV infection by looking for its genetic byproducts in the vagina. The HPV test was better than the standard Pap test at finding cervical cancer at any stage, according to two studies published this month in the Journal of the American Medical Association. So far, so good. Unfortunately, the test's false-positive rate — how often it indicated that there was a problem when none existed — was almost twice as high as that for the Pap smear. In these cases, a biopsy of the woman's cervix showed no sign of disease. And that's the crux of the problem. How many women should undergo what is, when it comes right down to it, unnecessary treatment to find a few more cases of cervical cancer? Shouldn't health officials focus instead on making sure that more women undergo regular Pap-smear examinations? After all, Pap smears, though far from perfect, have helped dramatically lower the death toll from cervical cancer, taking it from the No. 1 cause of death due to cancer in American women to the 10th. Complicating matters is the fact that HPV is a very common infection. In some parts of the US as many as half of all women under age 35 have an active case. Yet 99 out of 100 women who are HPV-positive will never get cervical cancer, estimates Dr. Joanna Cain, vice president of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. "If those 99 women live their lives as if they're going to develop cancer, " she says, "we're not necessarily doing them any good. " At present, the HPV test is approved in the US only to help resolve ambiguous results from a Pap-smear test. Many gynecologists believe that HPV will eventually replace the pap. But they're not willing to abandon it without a lot more detailed information and neither should you.

单选题Migrant Workers In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. 1 some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the case in the Middle East, 2 increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to 3 outsiders to improve local facilities. 4 the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, 5 South Korea and Japan. In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East, it is not 6 that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least 7 money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a major attraction. An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it. This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them. Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage. 8 , the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other 9 safety and comfort. 10 , many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly 11 the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutions 12 problems rather than do routine work in their home country. One major problem which 13 migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. 14 , migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of the 15 financial benefits which they receive.

单选题A series of rifle shots disturbed the {{U}}tranquility{{/U}} of the camp grounds. A. solidarity B. peacefulness C. equanimity D. propinquity

单选题He lacked the strength to deal with all these problems.A. think ofB. talk aboutC. copy downD. cope with

单选题Yesterday, I encountered one of my old friends on the street by chance.A. incidentallyB. eventuallyC. temporarilyD. accidentally

单选题We cannot permit such conduct .

单选题Over six million citizens of the United States benefit from private pension plans each year.A. unauthorizedB. confidentialC. nontransferableD. non-governmental

单选题Not all member states abided by the principle they had agreed on previously.

单选题Michael is now merely a good friend.

单选题Police have still found no clues as to the whereabouts of the missing child.A. reasonsB. signsC. answersD. marks

单选题Researchers say at least four patients have died after liposuction in New York and one in another US city, raising questions about the safety of the nation's most popular type of cosmetic surgery. Until now, there have been occasional news stories of patients dying after liposuction, in which unwanted body fat is vacuumed out. But a report in yesterday's issue of the New England Journal of Medicine is the first detailed account in a medical journal. Doctors reviewing six years of autopsy records in New York City found four patients who had died after liposuction. At least how many patients have died after liposuction in the US?A. FourB. FiveC. SixD. Nine

单选题You are not supposed to {{U}}abandon{{/U}} your car on the motorway.

单选题By the 1880's,living conditions in the congested Eastern Seaboard cities of the United States had become local scandals.A. developingB. diverseC. crowdedD. wealthy

单选题Violent programs on television may have a bad {{U}}influence{{/U}} on children.

单选题That apartment has been vacant for over a month.A. occupiedB. damagedC. emptyD. rented

单选题In previous times, when fresh meat was inadequate , pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food.

单选题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C。 Pain is something that everyone experiences at some time, to a greater of lesser degree(在或大或小的程度) Chronic or long-term pain, however, is in a category(种类，范畴)of its own. This is the kind of pain that dominates and pervades(蔓延，渗透)the life of the sufferer. Relent- less(持续的), grinding, exhausting pain, from which there is no escape(无法逃避的). Most individuals who experience this kind of pain are paraplegics(截瘫患者)and tetrap1egics(四肢麻痹患者). These people, despite their disabilities, would often be capable of leading fulfilled and happy lives were it not for the fact(要不是/如果没有这一事实) that they suffer this terrible and debilitating(使衰弱)pain on an almost continuous basis. To date(到目前为止), treatment has been mainly in the form of heavy drug therapy, which produces unpleasant side effects. But there has been a breakthrough in pain control. A new device, SPES(Sub Perception Electro Stimulation) (不知觉电刺激), should radically (根本地) improve quality of life for many chronic pain sufferers. Professor I for Cape l, scientist and inventor, has conducted clinical trials of SPES on chronic pain sufferers with extremely encouraging results. SPES works by transmitting electrical signals controlled by microprocessors(微型信息处理机 ), in particular patterns across the brain, using tiny electrodes(电板) attached to the patient's earlobes. These signals stimulate chemical messages from the hypothalamus(下丘脑), the area of the brain which controls our bodily functions. As a result, a hormonal release is triggered, which alters the perception of pain. "The pain is still there", says Professor Cape l "but SPES helps you live with(接受某种局面)it. We are using .the body's natural ability to cope with pain." The treatment is painless and convenient, lasting for about an hour a day. The equipment is portable, so the person using it can move around comfortably. Other benefits are that it is non-addictive(不成瘾的) and the patient does not build up a tolerance(忍受)to SPES. It can be used at home without medical supervision. SPES should not, however, be used by pregnant women, epileptics(癫病患者), people who have pacemakers fitted(装上起搏器)and those who are taking certain prescribed drugs.

单选题He dived from the bridge to rescue the drowning child.

单选题Foreign money can be converted into the local currency at this bank.______

单选题In the United States, older people rarely live with their adult children. But in many other cultures children are expected to care (51) their aged parents. In some parts of Italy, the percentage of adult children who (52) with their parents reach 65 to 70 percent. In Thailand, too, children are expected to care for their elderly parents ;few Thai elderly live (53) . What explains these differences in living arrangements (54) cultures? Modernization theory (55) the extended family household to low levels of economic development. In traditional societies, the elderly live with their children in large extended family units for economic reasons. But with modernization, children move to urban areas, leaving old people behind in (56) rural areas. Yet modernization theory cannot explain why extended family households were never common in the United States or England, or why families in Italy, which is fully modemized, (57) a strong tradition of intergenerational living. Clearly, economic development alone cannot explain (58) living arrangements. Another theory associated intergenerational living arrangements with inheritance patterns. In some cultures, the stem family pattem of inheritance predominates. (59) this system, parents live with a married child, usually the oldest son, who then (60) their property when they die. The stem family system was once common in Japan, but changes in inheritance laws, as well as broader social changes brought (61) by industrialization and urbanization, have (62) the tradition. In 1960about 80 percent of Japanese over 65 lived with their children; by 1990 only 60 percent did - a figure that is still high (63) U.S. standards, but which has been (64) steadily. In Korea, too, traditional living arrangements are (65) : the percentage of aged Koreans who live with a son declined from 77 percent in 1984 to 50 percent just 10 years later. Although most elderly Koreans still expect to live with a son, their adult children do not expect to live with their children when they grow old.