单选题In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy.

单选题Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs A. abuse B. flavor C. temptation D. consumption

单选题Pushbike Peril Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure — or even kill — children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars. So a team of engineers is redesigning the humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer. Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began the project with her colleagues after a study of serious abdominal injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that more than a third were caused by bicycle accidents. "The task was to identify how the injuries occurred and come up with some countermeasures, " she says. By interviewing the children and their parents, Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injuries. They discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed, causing them to topple over. To maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90 degrees — but their momentum forces them into the end of the handlebars. The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars hits the ground, ramming it into their abdomen. The solution the group came up with is a handgrip fitted with a spring and damping system. The spring absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact. The group hopes to commercialize the device, which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. "But our task has been one of education because up until now, bicycle manufacturers were unaware of the problem, " says Arbogast. The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design. A decision is expected later this year.

单选题The law carries a {{U}}penalty{{/U}} of up to three years in prison. A. message B. punishment C. guilt D. obligation

单选题Two events have highlighted the tensions in recent years.A. extendedB. emphasizedC. distortedD. illustrated

单选题I understand that George can play piano by ear; is that true?A. without dependence on written musicB. with his eyes closedC. by hitting the keys with his earsD. by someone who spoke into his ear

单选题Problems of Anxiety Training as mental-health professionals is supposed to be "color blind". That sounds fine but in practice it means that people from black and ethnic groups get an unfair treatment because their particular problems are seldom acknowledged. So a project was piloted involving Bangladeshi women in inner-city London, most of whom migrated to the U.K. in the 1960s and 1970s from a rural background. Many of these women turned to their doctors with common symptoms of anxiety, such as headaches, sleeping difficulties, loss of appetite and lack of energy. They were usually prescribed tranquillizers or even Vitamin C. Since the underlying causes remained, the women visited their doctors with increasing frequency and some were referred on to mental-health professionals. The psychologists wanted to see how normal Western approaches to anxiety problems might work when applied across cultures. However, they found that many things in the standard approach had to be changed. They had to translate many of the usual examples they would normally compare learning to relax with learning to drive, for instance, which would not have been culturally appropriate. At first they asked the women to rate, on a scale one to ten, the effect of relaxation on their level of anxiety. They found numbers an odd way of expressing how they were feeling. So psychologists shifted their focus to words and talked of five stages form "very good" to "very bad". As it was a pilot project, there were shortcomings. Psychologists looked for too little back-up and did not collect as much objective data as they might have done with a white group. They fell into the white stereotype of assuming that Bangladeshi women would find the use of various checklists and written records foreign. Perhaps racism has conditioned the professionals to a greater extent than they expected. Psychologists found that using a Western model across cultures has potential. But it needs political, financial and personal commitment.

单选题Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens While some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate" (自我治疗) against the blues (忧郁), scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually 1 depressive symptoms in some teens. "This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived 2 benefits of smoking among teens," says lead researcher Michael Chariton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto. " 3 cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects or to improve mood, in the long 4 we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms. " As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to 5 mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools 6 in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighborhoods. Participants were divided into three 7 : never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate improve mood or physical 8 ; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how often participants felt too tired to do things; had 9 going to sleep or staying asleep; felt unhappy, sad, or depressed; felt hopeless about the future; felt anxious or tense; and worried too much about things. "Smokers who used cigarettes as mood 10 had higher risks of elevated (提升) depressive symptoms 11 teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer O"Loughlin, a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. "Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are 12 higher risk of depressive symptoms." The 13 between depression and smoking exits 14 among that use cigarettes to feel better. " It"s 15 to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr. Chariton.

单选题The Visually Impaired Person Visual impairment (损害) carries with it a reduced or restricted ability to travel through one's physical and social environment until adequate orientation and mobility skills have been established. Because observational skills are more limited, self-control within the immediate surroundings is limited. The visual impaired person is less able to anticipate hazardous situations or obstacles to avoid. Orientation refers to the mental map .one has of one's surroundings and to the relationship between self and that environment. The mental map is the best generated by moving through the environment and piecing together relationships, object by object, in an organized approach. With little of no visual feedback to reinforce this mental map, a visually impaired person must rely on memory for key landmarks and other clues. Landmarks and clues enable visually impaired person to affirm their position in space. Mobility, on the other hand, is the ability to travel safely and efficiently from one point to another within one's physical and social environment. Good orientation skills are necessary to good mobility skills. Once visually impaired students learn to travel safely as pedestrians (行人) they also need to learn to use public transportation to become as independent as possible. To meet the expanding needs and demands of the visually impaired person, there is a sequence of instruction that begins during the preschool years and may continue after high school. Many visually impaired children lack adequate concepts regarding time and space or objects and events in their environment. During the early years much attention is focused on the development of some fundamental concepts, such as inside or outside, in front of or behind, fast or slow, movement of traffic, the variety of intersections, elevators or escalators, and so forth. These concepts are essential to safe, efficient travel through familiar and unfamiliar settings, first within buildings, then in residential neighborhoods, and finally in business communities.

单选题{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various inducements of price, quality and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. In the health care industry, however, the doctor-patient relation- ship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a physician, the physician usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return "nest Wednesday" whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc. This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor' s judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eyes of the hospital it is the physician who is the real "consumer. "As a consequence, the medical staff represents the "power center" in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration. Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants, the physician, the hospital, the patient and the payer( generally an insurance carrier or government), the physician makes the essential decision for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension of the physicians; the payer generally meets most of the bona fide bills generated by the physician/hospital and for the most part, the patient's plays a passive role. In routine or minor illness or just plain worries, the patient's options are of course, much greater with respect to use and price. But in illnesses that are of some significance, such choice tends to evaporate. And it is for these illnesses that the bulk of the health care dollar is spent. We estimate that about 75 N 80 percent of health care expenditures are determined by physicians, not patients. For this reason, economy measures directed at patients or the general public are relatively ineffective.

单选题You should soon regain your appetite.

单选题I'm working with a guy from London.

单选题Joyce Sipes and Mary Ellen Dodge When Joyce Sipes was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1999, she shared the news immediately with her sister Mary Ellen Dodge. Mary Ellen was there for her—helping her through the terror, and the fear, and the thousand questions that are inevitably a part of hearing the word "cancer". Fortunately, a friend at work who had had a similar diagnosis highly recommended Alonzo Walker, MD, Medical College of Wisconsin surgical oncologist(外科肿瘤学家) and director of the Froedtert she cancelled her appointment to get a second opinion elsewhere. Ultimately, Joyce"s cancer required a mastectomy(乳房切除术). Reconstructive surgery took place right away. She came to think of Dr. Walker as her partner, "not just my doctor". And the Froedtert nurses, she says, were "very unusual and impressive". As it turned out, Joyce would soon have the chance to do something important for her sister Mary Ellen. During her own cancer treatment, Joyce suggested that Mary Ellen should get herself checked through the Froedtert & Medical College of Wisconsin Breast Cancer Program. In addition to its opportunities for examination and screening, the hospital had established a program especially for women in families at high risk for cancer. Sure enough, it turned out that Mary Ellen had some cysts(囊肿), one of which was dangerous enough that it needed to be surgically removed. She"s fine now—thanks to Joyce"s suggestion. Both sisters experienced firsthand how Froedtert & Medical College of Wisconsin offers more than leading edge technology and the unmatched experience of physicians in an academic medical center. It offers a comprehensive team approach—of—consultation, collaboration, and care—all focused on the individual patient. That"s why Joyce came to think of Froedtert. throughout the process of her treatment, as being her "security blanket". Joyce Sipes has been cancer-free five years now—an important milestone(里程碑) for breast cancer survivors. Joyce and Mary Ellen are together once again in their workshop in Joyce"s home, making the beautiful market baskets, bread baskets, muffin(松饼) baskets, and Nantucket baskets that they—and their customers—love.

单选题It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow.

单选题Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing.

单选题Breakfast Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school. It doesn"t take much further thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform better at work as well. Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road, it is not a good idea to skip(故意略去)breakfast. If we don"t eat breakfast, we are likely to become tired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel. By mid-morning, a lot of us grab a cup of coffee, or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again. This might work for a few minutes, but by lunchtime we are hungry, bad-tempered, and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at lunch. Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day. People who eat breakfast are generally more likely to maintain a healthy weight. Many people believe that they will lose weight if they skip meals, but that isn"t a good idea. The body expects to be refueled a few times a day, so start with a healthy breakfast. A healthy breakfast should contain some protein(蛋白质)and some fiber(纤维). Protein can come from meat, eggs, beans, or soy(大豆). Fiber can be found in whole cereals(谷物), grains or in fruits. A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg, an orange, and a bowl of whole grain cereal with soy milk.

单选题The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain.

单选题Though he was horn in America, he can speak smooth Chinese.A. perfectB. fluentC. poorD. flowing

单选题"He is Uexempted/U from military service, because of his bad sight."

单选题The architecture is harmonious with the surrounding environment.A. old-fashionedB. traditionalC. conventionalD. balanced