单选题Exercise Lowers Employers" Health Costs Companies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit, researchers reported on Friday. They said obese (肥胖的) employees had higher health-care costs, but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week — without even losing any weight. Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors. They estimated that getting the most sedentary (惯于久坐的) obese workers to exercise would have saved about $790,000 a year, or about 1.5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group. Company-wide, the potential savings could reach $7.1 million per year, they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Of the whole group of workers, about 30 percent were of normal weight, 45 percent were overweight (超重的), and 25 percent were obese. Annual health-care costs averaged $2,200 for normal weight, $2,400 for the overweight, and $2,700 for obese employees. But among workers who did no exercise, health-care costs went up by at least $100 a year, and were $3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary. But adding two or moredays of light exercise — at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to increase heart rate and breathing — lowered costs by on average $500 per employee a year, the researchers found. "This indicates that physical activity behavior could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat, and in consequence, help lower the health-care costs," Wang and colleagues wrote.

单选题Examination papers of the class were marked {{U}}without bias{{/U}}.

单选题Which of the following can help a person quit smoking?

单选题When he arrived home, he deposited his coat on the door.

单选题 阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了，4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 {{B}} Stress Can Make You Sick{{/B}} Scientists are now studying a new field of research which is called psychoimmunology(心理免疫学). It is based on the idea {{U}}(51) {{/U}} people who are depressed(抑郁) or have a lot of stress are more likely to become sick. Researchers have recently found a connection between diseases and stressful situations. To test this theory scientists are trying to find a link {{U}}(52) {{/U}} the brain and the immune(免疫)system. The immune system in our bodies fights the bacteria and viruses which cause disease. Therefore, {{U}}(53) {{/U}} or not we are likely to get various diseases depends on how {{U}}(54) {{/U}} our immune system works. Biologists {{U}}(55) {{/U}} to think that the immune system was a separate, {{U}}(56) {{/U}} part of our bodies. Recently, however, they have found that our brain can affect our immune system. This discovery indicates that there may {{U}}(57) {{/U}} a connection between emotional factors, such as stress or depression, and illness. Although many doctors in the past {{U}}(58) {{/U}} a connection between emotional factors and disease, they had no proof. Scientists have only recently discovered {{U}}(59) {{/U}} the brain and the immune system function. Before this, no one could see a link between them. As a result, medical science never {{U}}(60) {{/U}} considered the idea that psychological factors could {{U}}(61) {{/U}} disease. Several recent studies {{U}}(62) {{/U}} a connection between stress and illness. For instance, researchers went to an American military school to study the students. By studying the students' blood, they found that many were {{U}}(63) {{/U}} with a virus which causes mononucleosis(单核细胞增多症), a common glandular (腺体的) disease. Of the infected students, only 5 percent actually became ill. The sick students had a lot of academic {{U}}(64) {{/U}} and wanted to achieve, but they were not very good students. In a similar study, researchers studied a group of student nurses. They focused {{U}}(65) {{/U}} cold sores, which are also caused by a common virus. Many student nurses carried the virus in their blood, but few of these infected nurses actually developed cold sores.

单选题According to Campbell, the most effective way to promote health and prevent diseases is

单选题You will get to the school more quickly if you take this {{U}}track{{/U}} across the fields.

单选题Silent and Deadly Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), or ministrokes, result from temporary interruptions of blood flow to the brain. Unlike full strokes, they present symptoms lasting anywhere from a few seconds to 24 hours. Rarely do they cause permanent neurological damage, but they are often precursors of a major stroke. "Our message is quite clear," says Dr. Robert Adams, professor of neurology at the Medical College of Georgia in August. "TIAs, while less severe than strokes in the short term, are quite dangerous and need a quick diagnosis and treatment as well as appropriate follow-up to prevent future injury. " Unfortunately, ministrokes are greatly underdiagnosed. A study conducted for the National Stroke Association indicates that 2.5% of all adults aged 18 or older (about 4.9 million people in the U. S. ) have experienced a confirmed TIA. An additional 1.2 million Americans over the age of 45, the study showed, have most likely suffered a ministroke without realizing it. These findings suggest that if the public knew how to spot the symptoms of stroke, especially ministrokes. and sought prompt medical treatment, thousands of lives could be saved and major disability could be avoided. The problem is that the symptoms of a ministroke are often subtle and passing. Nonetheless, there are signs you can look out for: Numbness or weakness in the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body. ●Trouble seeing in one or both eyes. ●Confusion and difficulty speaking or understanding. ●Difficulty walking, dizziness or loss of coordination. ●Severe headache with no known cause. Along with these symptoms, researchers have identified some key indicators that increase your chances of having a full-blown stroke after a TIA: if you're over 60, have experienced symptoms lasting longer than 10 minutes, feel weak and have a history of diabetes. As with many diseases, you can help yourself by changing your lifestyle. The first things you should do are quit smoking, limit your intake of alcohol to no more than a drink or two a day and increase your physical activity. Even those who suffer from high blood pressure or diabetes can improve their odds — and minimize complications if they do have a stroke - by keeping their - illness under control. If you experience any of the symptoms, your first call should be to your doctor. It could be the call that saves your life.

单选题Gardner thinks that his theory has a ________ .

单选题{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world, but estimates suggest the figure is over 450 million. The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canada. In the United Kingdom, about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is not just something that happens to other people: as get older, many of us will become less mobile, hard of hearing or have failing eyesight. Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born with disabilities. Many others become disabled as they get older. There are many progressive disabling diseases. The longer time goes on, the worse they become. Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness. All are affected by people's attitude towards them. Disabled people face many physical barriers. Next time you go shopping or to work or visit friends, imagine how you would manage if you could not get up steps, or on to buses and trains. How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers: prejudice can be even harder to break down and ignorance inevitably represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully appreciate what the severely disabled go through, so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and sow that it is the individual person and their ability, not their disability, which counts.

单选题Relief workers were {{U}}shocked{{/U}} by what they saw. A. moved B. touched C. surprised D. worried

单选题Testing Baby's Brain As far as her friends and teachers are concerned, Ashdod is an ordinary, bright, playful 5-year-old. They might be surprised to learn that not long ago therapists were fighting to keep her from succumbing to (患严重的) autism (自闭症) - a brain disorder that afflicts one in 100 children, typically leaving them with lifelong difficulties in communicating, socializing and carrying out many basic tasks. Ashdod was lucky: when she was 10 months old, her parents became alarmed that she had little interest in looking them in the eyes, eating and moving from her back, and whisked (急忙送离) her to the Mifne Center in Rosh Pinna, Israel, a clinic that focuses on children 5 months and older who show early warning signs of autism. The results of the Mifne treatment were startling, recalls the girl' s mother, Tikva. "Now she goes to a regular school where she is the same sort of articulate (齿伶俐的), funny, normal child as anyone else," she says. Despite a big jump in autism awareness in the past decade, parents, schools and doctors still frequently ignore warning signs in very young children. These can be subtle: a child never points at things, shows more interest in objects than people, has delayed speech and develops a fascination with spinning in place or with spinning toys. Many pediatricians dismiss these symptoms as harmless quirks (怪癖) that kids will outgrow. New research and experience in some autism clinics, however, suggests that starting treatment by age 2 is critical to mitigating (缓解) and in some cases entirely avoiding the disorder. That's because unlike the brain of an adult or even an older child, a 12 - or 18 - month - old's brain is, in a sense, highly reprogrammable--that is, it responds well to treatments designed to permanently change basic patterns of thought and behavior. "All the evidence we have suggests that outcomes for these children will be better with an earlier diagnosis, before they reach 18 months, if possible," says Christopher Gillberg, a child psychiatrist at Gothenburg University in Sweden.

单选题The substance can be added to gasoline to {{U}}accelerate{{/U}} the speed of automobiles. A. quicken B. shorten C. loosen D. enlarge

单选题Where Have All the Bees Gone? Scientists who study insects have a real mystery on their hands. All across the country, honeybees are leaving their hives and never returning. Researchers call this phenomenon colony-collapse disorder. According to surveys of bee keepers across the country, 25 to 40 percent of the honeybees in the United States have vanished from their hives since last fall. So far, no one can explain why. Colony collapse is a serious concern because bees play an important role in the production of about one-third of the foods we eat. As they feed, honeybees spread pollen from flower to flower. Without this process, a plant can"t produce seeds or fruits. Now, a group of scientists and beekeepers have teamed up to try to figure out what"s causing the alarming collapse of so many colonies. By sharing their expertise in honeybee behavior, health, and nutrition, team members hope to find out what"s contributing to the decline and to prevent bee disappearance in the future. It could be that disease is causing the disappearance of the bees. To explore that possibility, Jay Evans, a researcher at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Bee Research Laboratory, examines bees taken from colonies that are collapsing. "We know what a healthy bee should look like on the inside, and we can look for physical signs of disease," he says. And bees from collapsing colonies don"t look very healthy. "Their stomachs are worn down, compared to the stomachs of healthy bees," Evans says. It may be that a parasite is damaging the bees digestive organs. Their immune systems may not be working as they should. Moreover, they have high levels of bacteria inside their bodies. Another cause of colony-collapse disorder may be certain chemicals that farmers apply to kill unwanted insects on crops, says Jerry Hayes, chief bee inspector for the Florida Department of Agriculture. Some studies, he says, suggest that a certain type of insecticide affects the honeybee"s nervous system (which includes the brain) and memory. "It seems like honeybees are going out and getting confused about where to go and what to do," he says. If it turns out that a disease is contributing to colony collapse, bees genes could explain why some colonies have collapsed and others have not. In any group of bees there are many different kinds of genes. The more different genes a group has, the higher the group"s genetic diversity. So far scientists haven"t determined the role of genetic diversity in colony collapse, but it"s a promising theory, says Evans.

单选题First Self-contained Heart Implanted A. patient on the brink of death has received the world's first self-contained artificial heart — a battery-powered device about the size of a softball that runs without the need for wires, tubes or hoses sticking out of the chest. Two surgeons from the University of Louisville implanted the titanium and plastic pump during a seven-hour operation at Jewish Hospital Monday. The hospital said the patient was "awake and responsive" Tuesday and resting comfortably. It refused to release personal details. The patient had been expected to die within a month without the operation, and doctors said they expected the artificial heart to extend the person's life by only a month. But the device is considered a major step toward improving the patient's quality of life. The new pump, called AbioCor, is also a technological leap from the mechanical hearts used in the 1980s, which were attached by wires and tubes to bulky machinery outside the body. The most famous of those, the Jarvic-7, used air as a pumping device and was attached to an apparatus about the size of a washing machine. "I think it's potentially a major step forward in the artificial heart development, " said Dr. David Faxon, president of the American Heart Association. However, he said the dream of an implantable, permanent artificial heart is not yet a reality: "This is obviously an experimental device whose long-term success has to be demonstrated. " Only about half of the 4,200 Americans on a waiting list for donor hearts received them last year, and most of the rest died. Some doctors, including Robert Higgins, chairman of cardiology at the Medical College of Virginia in Richmond, said artificial hearts are unlikely to replace donor hearts. "A donor heart in a good transplant can last 15 to 30 years, " he said. "It's going to be hard to replace that with a machine. " The AbioCor has a 2-pound pumping unit, and electronic controls that adjust the pumping speed based on the body's needs. It is powered by a small battery pack worn outside the body that transmits current through the skin.

单选题It is necessary to {{U}}segment{{/U}} the movie into three parts in order to show it on TV. A. assert B. divide C decrease D. transact

单选题Electronic Teaching The potential of closed-circuit television and other new electronic leaching tools is so great that it is fascinating to visualize "the school of tomorrow". Televised lessons will originate from a central building having perhaps four or five master studios. The lessons will be carried into classrooms all over a city, or even an entire country. After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for tire all-important "follow-up" period. The students will ask any troublesome questions, and difficult points will be cleared up through discussion. The teacher in the classroom will have additional electronic tools. On the teacher's desk, the traditional chalk and erasers will have been replaced by a multiple-control panel and magnetic tape players. The tape machines will run pre-recorded lessons which pupils will follow by headphones. The lessons will be specifically geared to the students' levels of ability. For instance, while the class as a whole studies history, each student will receive an individual history lesson, directed to his particular level of ability. Should question arise, the students will be able to talk directly to the teacher on individual intercoms without disturbing the rest of the class. In this way, the teacher will he able to conduct as many as three classes at the same time. With the rapid development of computer science, students will be aided with specially prepared multi-media software to study their subjects better. Homework will possibly be assigned and handed in via electronic mail system. Students can even take examinations on their computer linked with the teachers and get the score instantly. They will get certificates or diplomas if they pass all the required examinations. Experts believe that this type of education will be very popular in the years ahead.

单选题I can"t put up with my neighbor"s noise any longer, it"s driving me mad.

单选题His quest for eternal youth failed in the end.

单选题A research center has been set up in this country.