单选题The layout of the book, with the text on the left and the notes on the right, makes it a pleasure to use. A. design B. method C. style D. system

单选题The Wasteland A new catastrophe faces Afghanistan. The American bombing campaign is conspiring with years of civil conflict and drought to create an environmental crisis. Humanitarian and political concerns are dominating the headlines. But they are also masking the disappearance of the country"s once rich habitat and wildlife, which are quietly being crushed by war. The UN is dispatching a team of investigators to the region next month to evaluate the damage. "A healthy environment is a prerequisite for rehabilitation," says Klaus Topfer, head of the UN Environment Programme. Much of south-east Afghanistan was once lush forest watered by monsoon rains. Forests now cover less than 2 percent of the country. "The worst deforestation occurred during Taliban rule, when its timber mafia denuded forests to sell to Pakistani markets," says Usman Qazi, an environmental consultant based in Quetta, Pakistan. And the intense bombing intended to flush out the last of the Taliban troops is destroying or burning much of what remains. The refugee crisis is also wrecking the environment, and much damage may be irreversible. Forests and vegetation are being cleared for much-needed farming, but the gains are likely to be only short-term. "Eventually the land will be unfit for even the most basic form of agriculture," warns Hammad Naqi of the World Wide Fund for Nature in Pakistan. Refugees—around 4 million as the last count—are also cutting into forests for firewood. The hail of bombs falling on Afghanistan is making life particularly hard for the country"s wildlife. Birds such as the pelican and endangered Siberian crane cross eastern Afghanistan as they follow one of the world"s great migratory thoroughfares from Siberia to Pakistan and India. But the number of the birds flying across the region has dropped by a staggering 85 percent. "Cranes are very sensitive and they do not use the route if they see any danger," says Ashiq Ahgmad, an environmental scientist for the WWF in Peshawar, Pakistan, who has tracked the collapse of the birds" migration this winter. The rugged mountains also usually provide a safe haven for mountain leopards, gazelles, bears and Marco Polo sheep—the world"s largest species. "The same terrain that allows fighters to strike and disappear back into the hills has also historically enabled wild life to survive," says Peter Zahler of the Wildlife Conservation society, based in New York. But he warns they are now under intense pressure from the bombing and invasions of refugees and fighters. For instance, some refugees are hunting rare snow leopards to buy a safe passage across the border. A single fur can fetch $2,000 on the black market, says Zahler. Only 5,000 or so snow leopards are thought to survive in central Asia and less than 100 in Afghanistan, their numbers already decimated by extensive hunting and smuggling into Pakistan before the conflict. Timber, falcons and medicinal plants are also being smuggled across the border. The Taliban once controlled much of this trade, but the recent power vacuum could exacerbate the problem. Bombing will also leave its mark beyond the obvious craters. Defence analysts say that while depleted uranium has been used less in Afghanistan than in the Kosovo conflict, conventional explosives will litter the country with pollutants. They contain toxic compounds such as cyclonite, a carcinogen, and rocket propellants contain perchlorates, which damage thyroid glands.

单选题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A项：如果该句提供的错误信息，请选择B项；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C项。 {{B}} Dyslexia{{/B}} As many as 20% of all children in the United States suffer from some form of the learning disorder called dyslexia. Experts on dyslexia say that the problem is not a disease. They say that persons with dyslexia use information in a different way. One of the world's great thinkers and scientists. Albert Einstein was dyslexic. Einstein said that he never thought in words the way that most people do. He said that he thought in pictures instead. The American inventor Thomas Edison was also dyslexic. Dyslexia first was recognized in Europe and the United States more than 80 years ago. Many years passed before doctors discovered that persons with the disorder were not mentally slow or disabled. The doctors found that the brains of persons with dyslexia are different. In most people, the left side of the brain--the part that controls language is larger than the right side. In persons with dyslexia, the right side of the brain is bigger. Doctors are not sure what causes this difference. However, research has shown that dyslexia is more common in males than in females, and it is found more often in persons who are left handed4. No one knows the cause of dyslexia, but some scientists believe that it may result from chemical changes in a baby's body long before it is born. They are trying to find ways to teach persons with dyslexia. Dyslexic persons think differently and need special kinds of teaching help. After they have solved their problems with language, they often show themselves to be especially intelligent or creative.

单选题Hearing problems may be alleviated by changes in diet and exercise habits.

单选题My room is really very {{U}}cosy{{/U}}.

单选题Her words Uoffended/U me.

单选题According to the passage, the risk of a child developing insulin-dependent diabetes is linked to all the following factors EXCEPT

单选题Academic records cannot be duplicated .

单选题It"s almost impossible to find him in the immense ocean.

单选题UUp to now/U, the work has been easy.

单选题{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} Without regular supplies of some hormones our capacity to behave would be seriously impaired; without others we would soon die. Tiny amounts of some hormones can modify our moods and our action, our inclination to eat or drink, our aggressiveness or submissiveness, and our reproductive and parental behavior. And hormones do more than influence adult behavior; early in life they help to determine the development of bodily form and may even determine an individual's behavioral capacities. Later in life the changing outputs of some endocrine glands and the body's changing sensitivity to some hormones are essential aspects of the phenomena of aging. Communication within the body and the consequent integration of behavior were considered the exclusive province of the nervous system up to the beginning of the present century. The emergence of endocrinology as a separate discipline can probable be traced to the experiments of Bayliss and Starling on the hormone secretion. This substance is secreted from cells in the intestinal walls when food enters the stomach; it travels through the bloodstream and stimulates the pancreas to liberate pancreatic juice, which aids in digestion. By showing that special cells secrete chemical agents that are conveyed by the bloodstream and regulate distant target organs or tissues, Bayliss and Starling demonstrated that chemical integration can occur without participation of the nervous system. The term "hormone" was first used with reference to secretion. Starling derived the term from the Greek hormone, meaning "to excited or set in motion." The term "endocrine" was introduced shortly thereafter, "Endocrine" is used to refer to glands that secrete products into the bloodstream. The term "endocrine" contrasts with "exocrine" which is applied to glands that secrete their products through ducts to the site of action. Examples of exocrine glands are the tear glands, the sweat glands, and the pancreas, which secretes pancreatic juice through a duct into intestine. Exocrine glands are also called duct glands, while endocrine glands are called ductless.

单选题Medical Journals Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals. In the past, these journals were available only in print. With the development of electronic publishing, many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet, and some journals publish only online. A few medical journals, like the Journal of the American Medical Association, are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine. Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine. Medical journals publish many types of articles. Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials that compare outcomes of different treatments. Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature. Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease. Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat them. Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors, often regarding a research or review article published in the same issue. Editorials provide perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic. Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments, questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal.

单选题He accidentally found a stock of jewelry stamps when he was packing up his books.A. by the wayB. by chanceC. by handD. by nature

单选题The United States Congress and the state legislatures approve thousands of laws each year.A. amendB. debateC. passD. draft

单选题Calling for Safe Celebrations Last Fourth of July, Pete, a 14-year-old boy, was enjoying the lit-up skies and loud booms from the fireworks(烟花) being set off in his neighborhood. Suddenly, the evening took a terrible turn. A bottle rocket shot into his eye, immediately causing him terrible pain. His family rushed him to the emergency room for treatment. As a result of the injury, Pete developed glaucoma(青光眼) and cataracts(白内障). Today, Pete has permanent vision loss in his injured eye because of his bottle rocket injury. June is Fireworks Eye Safety Awareness Month, and through its EyeSmart campaign the American Academy of Ophthalmology(眼科学) wants to remind consumers to leave fireworks to professionals(专业人员). "There is nothing worse than a Fourth of July celebration ruined by someone being hit in the eye with a bottle rocket," said Dr. John C. Hagan, clinical correspondent for the Academy and an ophthalmologist at Discover Vision Centers in Kansas City. "A safe celebration means letting trained professionals handle fireworks while you enjoy the show." According to the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, more than 9,000 fireworks-related injuries happen each year. Of these, nearly half are head-related injuries, with nearly 30 percent of these injuries to the eye. One-fourth of fireworks eye injuries result in permanent vision loss or blindness. Children are the most common victims of firework abuse(伤害),with those fifteen years old or younger accounting for 50 percent of fireworks eye injuries in the United States. Dr. Hagan estimates that his practice sees more than 30 injuries each year from fireworks. Even fireworks that many people consider safe represent a threat to the eyes. For children under the age of five, apparently harmless sparklers(花炮) account for one-third of all fireworks injuries. Sparklers can burn at nearly 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit(华氏).

单选题 A Biological Clock Every living thing has what scientists call a biological clock that controls behavior. The biological clock tells {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}when to form flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}when to leave the protective cocoons and fly away, and it tells animals and human beings when to eat, sleep and wake. Events outside the plant and animal {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}the actions of some biological clocks. Scientists recently found, for example, that a tiny animal changes the color of its fur {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}the number of hours of daylight. In the short {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}of winter, its fur becomes white. The fur becomes gray brown in color in the longer hours of daylight in summer. Inner signals control other biological clocks. German scientists found that some kind of internal clock seems to order birds to begin their long migration {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}twice each year. Birds {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}flying become restless when it is time for the trip, {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}they become calm again when the time of the flight has ended. Scientists say they are beginning to learn which {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}of the brain contain biological clocks. An American researcher, Martin Moorhead, said a small group of cells near the front of the brain {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}to control the timing of some of our actions. These {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}tell a person when to {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}, when to sleep and when to seek food. Scientists say there probably are other biological clock cells that control other body activities. Dr. Moorhead is studying {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}our biological clocks affect the way we do our work. For example, most of us have great difficulty if we must often change to different work hours. {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}can take many days for a human body to accept the major change in work hours. Dr. Moorhead said industrial officials should have a better understanding of biological clocks and how they affect workers. He said {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}understanding could cut sickness and accidents at work and would help increase a factory's production.

单选题Many rich men only drive old, {{U}}unpretentious{{/U}} cars.

单选题The population of Seattle is a conglomerate of people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. A. a company B. a fluctuation C. an assortment D. a matching

单选题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}} Poetry{{/B}} People seldom feel neutral about poetry(诗). Those who love it sometimes give the impression that it is an adequate substitute for food, shelter, and lobe. It isn't words, no matter how satisfying, are never an equivalent for life itself and its human experiences. Those who dislike poetry on principle sometimes claim, on the other hand, that poetry is only works and good for nothing. That's not true either. It is easy to become frustrated by words-in poetry or in life-but when words represent and recreate genuine human feelings, as they often do in poetry, they can be very important. Poetry is, in fact, more than just words. It is an experience of words, and those who know how to read poetry can easily extend their experience of life, their sense of what other people are like, their awareness of themselves, and their range of human feelings. One reason poetry can be so important is that it is so closely concerned with feelings, poetry is often full of ideas, too, and sometimes poems can be powerful experiences of the mind, but most poems are primarily about how people feel rather than how people think. Poems provide, in fact, a language for feeling, and one of poetry's most insistent merits involves its at tempt to express the inexpressible. How can anyone, for example, put into words what it means to be in love or what it feels like to lose someone one cares about? Poetry tries, and it often captures exactly the shade of emotion that feels just right to a reader. No single poem can be said to express all the things that love or death feels like, or means, but one of the joys of experiencing poetry occurs when we read a poem and want to say," Yes, that is just what it is like; I know exactly what that line means but I've never been able to express it so well." Poetry can be the voice of our feelings even when our minds are speechless with grief or joy.

单选题The Iceman On a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet, or 3,200 meters), the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface. It was lying face downward. The skeleton (骨架) was in perfect condition, except for a wound in the head. There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark (树皮) and a holder for arrows. Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old. With modem dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the Iceman was about 5,300 years old. Born in about 3300 B. C. , he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story. A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in some kind of a battle. It may have been part of a larger war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself. By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in. We may never know the full story of how he died, but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times.