语法与词汇Capital punishment was (abolished) some years ago in some states of the U. S.

语法与词汇There is less crime now; it seems that there is a (fall) in the crime rate.

语法与词汇In some cultures people who were thought to have the ability to (explain) dreams were likely to be highly respected.

语法与词汇The stories of Sarah Orne Jewett are considered by many to be more (authentically) regional than those of Bret Harte.

语法与词汇His pronunciation is (simply) terrible.

语法与词汇Please (check) your bill before you leave the shop and make sure that it is correct.

语法与词汇He appeared to be (absorbed in) the sports news on TV.

语法与词汇It is difficult to understand this kind of (complicated) calculation.

填空题 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 {{B}}Museums in the Modern World{{/B}}1. Museums have changed. They are no longer places for the privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days. Action and democracy are words used in descriptions of museums now.2. At a science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Metropolitan Museum, of Art in New York City, you can look at 17th century instruments while listening to their music. At the Modem Museum in Sweden, you can put on costumes provided by the Stockholm Opera. As these examples show, museums are reaching out to new audiences, particularly the young, the poor, and the less educated members of the population. As a result, attendance is increasing. 3. More and more, museums directors are realizing that people learn best when they can somehow become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, for example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. He can have the experience of operating a spaceship ox a computer. He can experiment with glass blowing and paper making. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of science. The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science will not use it to best advantage. Many museums now provide educational services and children's departments. In addition to the usual displays, they also offer film showings and dance programs. Instead of being places that one “should” visit, they are places to enjoy.4. One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and leisure time. Another cause is the rising percentage of young people in the population. Many of these young people are college students or college graduates. They are better educated than their. parents. They see things in a new and different way. They are not content to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in. The same is true of science and history. In the US, certain groups who formerly were too poor to care about anything beyond the basic needs of daily life are now. becoming curious about the world around them. The young people in these groups, like young people in general, have benefited from a better education than their parents received. All these groups, and the rest of the population as well, have been influenced by television, which has taught them about other places and other times.5. The effect of all this has been to change existing museums and to encourage the building of new ones. In the US and Canada alone, there are now more than 6,,000 museums, almost twice as many as there were 25 years ago. About half of them axe devoted to history, and the rest are evenly divided between the arts and sciences. The number of visitors, according to the American Association of museums, has risen to more than 700 million a year.6. In fact, the crowds of visitors at some museums are creating a major problem. Admission to museums has always been either free or very inexpensive, but now some museums are charging entrance fees for the first time or raising their prices. Even when raised, however, entrance fees are generally too low to support a museum, with its usually large building and its highly trained staff.

填空题The Building of the Pyramids The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids. (46) There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile,some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the "Step" pyramid and the "Bent" pyramid. Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings. (47) These are good reasons why they can still be seen today,but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last for ever. (48) However,there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves. (49) Nevertheless,by examining the actual pyramids and various tools which have been found,archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them. One thing is certain, there must have been months of careful planning before they could begin to build. (50) You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around,but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere. Certain rules had to be followed,and certain problems had to be overcome.A. The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape have made them less likely to fall into ruin.B. It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved.C. The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place.D. Consequently,we are only able to guess at the methods used.E. Many people were killed while building the pyramids.F. They have stood for nearly 5,000 years,and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet.

填空题 A. fall asleep again B. become more energetic the following day C. sleep less than 7 hours D. confirm those serious consequences E. suffer sleep problems F. sleep more than 8 hours

填空题A. Tips for Patients with the DiseaseB. Common Treatment for the DiseaseC. Means of Diagnosis of the DiseaseD. Typical Symptoms of the DiseaseE. Possible Causes of the DiseaseF. Definition of Parkinson's Disease

填空题Many Benefit from Cancer Organization 1. Do you know a child who survived leukemia? Do you have a mother, sister or aunt whose breast cancer was found early thanks to a mammogram? Do you have a friend or coworker who quit smoking to reduce their risk of lung cancer? Each of these individuals benefited from the American Cancer Society's research program. 2. Each day scientists supported by the American Cancer Society work to find breakthroughs that will take us one step closer to a cure. The American Cancer Society has long recognized that research holds the ultimate answers to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. 3. As the largest source of nonprofit cancer research funds in the United States, the American Cancer Society devotes over $100 million each year to research. Since 1946, they've invested more than $2.4 billion in research. The investment has paid rich dividends: In 1946, only one in four cancer patients was alive five years after diagnosis; today 60 percent live longer than five years. 4. Investigators and health professionals in universities, research institutes and hospitals throughout the country receive grants from the American Cancer Society. Of the more than 1,300 new applications received each year, only 11 percent can be funded. If the American Cancer Society had more money available for research funding, nearly 200 more applications considered outstanding could be funded each year. 5. You can help fund more of these applications by participating in the American Cancer Society Relay for Life, a team event to fight cancer. More funding means more cancer breakthroughs and more lives being saved. To learn more, call Donna Hood, chair with the Neosho Relay for Life of the American Cancer Society at 451-4880.

填空题The First Four Minutes When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends? During their first four minutes together, according to a book by Dr. Leonard Zunin. In his book, Contact: The first four minutes, he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships: 1 A lot of people"s whole lives would change if they did just that. You may have noticed that average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he as just met. 2 If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much. When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident. In general, he says, "People like people who like themselves." On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves. It is important to appear interested and sympathetic, realizing that the other person has his won needs, fears, and hopes. Hearing such advice, one might say, "But I"m not a friendly, self-confident person. That"s not my nature. It would be dishonest for me to act that way. " 3 We can become accustomed to any changes we choose to make in our personality. "It is like getting used to a new car. It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old one." But isn"t it dishonest to give the appearance of friendly self-confidence when we don"t actually feel that way? Perhaps, but according to Dr. Zunin, "total honest" is not always good for social relationships, especially during the first few minutes of contact. There is a time for everything, and a certain amount of play-acting may be best for the first few minutes of contact with a stranger. That is not the time to complain about one"s health or to mention faults one finds in other people. It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one"s opinions and impressions. 4 For a husband and wife or a parent and child, problems often arise during their first four minutes together after they have been apart. Dr. Zunin suggests that these first few minutes together be treated with care. If there are unpleasant matters to be discussed, they should be dealt with later. The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. 5 That is at least as important as how much we know. A. In reply, Dr. Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits. B. Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends. C. In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people. D. Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes. E. He keeps looking over the other person"s shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room. F. He is eager to make friends with everyone.

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 That disease might be due to lack of some essential factor in the diet had little place in the thinking of 50 years age. {{U}}(46) {{/U}}As deficiency diseases came to be recognized and understood, the next step was the realization that lack of nutritional and endocrine factors affects primarily the chemistry of the body. Disease resulting from a "biochemical lesion' and structural changes are late effects, secondary to change in function. This revolution in medical thought had profound consequences. The great nutrition- al diseases that flourished within the lifetime of some doctors still in practice have now vanished wherever medical knowledge has been linked with proper administration of food supplies{{U}} (47) {{/U}}Yet in the streets of our big cities we still see elderly people, bandy-legged, stunted and pigeon-chested, who carry the scars of it. Pellagra, prior to 1940, affected tens of thousands of poor people in the southern states of the USA; better knowledge of nutritional needs and, above all, improved economic circumstances have largely swept it away. The classic nutritional diseases occur only in situations where there is a failure both of food supplies and medical care that regrettably is still the case in many parts of the world.Even in times of severe food shortage, proper application of medical knowledge can do much to overcome the worst effects of qualitative dietary deficiencies; medicine can deal with beriberi, scurvy and pellagra, but has no direct means of treating the effects of underfeeding—under-nutrition{{U}} (48) {{/U}} The present world population is estimated to be more than 3,500 million and in- creasing by 70 million per year. In the absence of major catastrophes, there will be more than twice as many inhabitants in the world by the year 2000 as there are today{{U}} (49) {{/U}}The greatest threat to the well-being of mankind is this explosive population growth rate. One third of the world' s population receivers less than 2,000 kcal/ head/day. Agricultural production is hampered by had climates, soil erosion, lack of fertilizers, antiquated farming methods, political upheavals and war. This situation will steadily deteriorate unless national programs of population control and family planning based on modern contraceptive techniques are evolved and effectively put into operation{{U}} (50) {{/U}} A. Consequently, lack of sufficient food continues to be a most serious cause of bad health in many underdeveloped regions. B. Florid rickets is now a clinical curiosity in Britain. C. Pathology is the study of disease by scientific methods. D. This is not due to an increase in human fertility but is caused almost entirely by a remarkable reduction in the death rate. E. Consequently, the concept of deficiency diseases, nutritional and endocrine, grew in the present century. F. In addition, food production must be greatly in creased by the use of high-yielding strains.

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 1. If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise--and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon. 2. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down. 3. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations. 4. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect(智能)and emotion, and determine the human character. (The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties. ) 5. Contraction of front and side parts--as cells die off--was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty and seventy-year-olds. 6. Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age--using the head. 7. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant. 8. Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking.Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain ceils need. "The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain", he says, "Think hard and engage in conversation. Don't rely on pocket calculators."

填空题1. For well over 2000 years the world's great religions have taught the virtues of a trusting heart. Now there is another reason to merit the wisdom of the ages: scientific evidence indicates that those with trusting hearts will live longer, healthier lives. 2. As a result of the work published in the 1970s by two pioneering heart specialists, Meyer Friedman and Ray H. Rosenman, nearly every American is aware that blood Type A people are impatient, and easily moved to hostility and anger. Many have come to believe that Type A's are at a much higher risk of suffering heart attack or dying of heart disease than others. 3. The driving force behind hostility is a cynical(愤世嫉俗的)mistrust of others. If we expect others to mistreat us, we are seldom disappointed. This generates anger and leads us to respond with hostility. 4. The most characteristic attitude of a cynic is being suspicious of the motives of people he doesn't know. Imagine you are waiting for an elevator and it stops two floors above for longer than usual. How inconsiderate(不替别人着想的)! You think, In a few seconds, you have drawn hostile conclusions about unseen people and their motives. 5. Meanwhile, your cynical mistrust is leading to noticeable physical consequences. Your voice rises. The rate and depth of your breathing increases. Your heat is beating faster and harder, and harder, and the muscles of your arms and legs become tight. You feel "charged up", ready for action. 6. If you frequently experience these feelings, you may be at increased risk of developing serious health problems. Anger can add to the risk of heart and other diseases.

填空题 A. before the cancer cells spread elsewhere B. the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he will have C. what is most responsible for lung cancer D. as some people imagine E. the more chances of getting lung cancer he will have F. which form of lung cancer is a common one

填空题 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}}Female Bullfighting{{/B}} It was a unique, eye-catching sight: an attractive woman in a shiny bullfighter's suit, sword in hand, facing the sharp horns of a black, 500-kilogram beast. Most people thought the days of female bullfighting were over in Spain.{{U}} (46) {{/U}} The first woman fighter, Cristina Sanchez, quit in 1999 because of male discrimination (歧视). But Vega is determined to break into what could be Spain's most resistant male field.{{U}} (47) {{/U}} Spanish women have conquered almost all male professions.{{U}} (48) {{/U}}"The bull does not ask for your identity card," she said in an interview a few years ago. She insisted that she be judged for her skills rather than her femaleness. Vega became a matador (斗牛士) in 1997 in the southwestern city of Caceres.{{U}} (49) {{/U}}She entered a bullfighting school in Malaga at age nine and performed her first major bullfight at age 14. She has faced as much opposition as Sanchez did. And the "difficulties have made her grow into a very strong bullfighter," her brother Jorge says. The 1.68-metre tall and somewhat shy Vega says her love of bullfighting does not make her any less of a woman.{{U}} (50) {{/U}}A．She intends to become even better than Sanchez was.B．Her father was an aspiring (有雄心壮志的) bullfighter.C．But many bullfighting professionals continue to insist that women do not have what it takes to perform the country's "national show".D．"I’m a woman from head to toe and proud of it," she once said.E．She looks like a male bullfighter.F．But recently, 29-year-old Mari Paz Vega became the second woman in Spanish history to f!ght against those heavy animals.

填空题Icy Microbes 1. In ice that has sealed a salty Antarctic lake for more than 2, 800 years, scientists have found frozen bacteria and algae that returned to life after thawing. The research may help in the search for life on Mars, which is thought to have subsurface lakes of ice. 2. A research team led by Peter Doran of the University of Illinois at Chicago drilled through more than 39 feet of ice to collect samples of bacteria and algae. When Doran"s team brought them back and warmed them up a bit, they sprang back to life. 3. Doran said the microbes have been age-dated at 2, 800 years old, but even older microbes may live deeper in the ice sheet sealing the lake, and in the briny water below the ice. That deeper ice and the water itself will be cautiously sampled in a later expedition that will test techniques that may one day be used on Mars. 4. Called Lake Vida, the 4.5-square-kilometer body is one of a series of lakes located in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, some 2, 200 kilometers due south2 of New Zealand. This lake has been known since the 1950s, but people ignored it because they thought it was just a big block of ice. While at the site for other research in the 1990s, Doran and his colleagues sent radar signals into the clear ice covering the lake and were surprised to find that 62 feet below there was a pool of liquid water that was about seven times more salty than seawater. 5. That prompted the researchers to return in 1996 with equipment to drill a hole down to within a few feet of the water layer. At the bottom of this hole, researchers harvested specimens of algae and bacteria. 6. The researchers will return in 2004 equipped with instruments that are sterilized. They will then drill through the full 62 feet of ice and sample some of the briny water from the lake for analysis. The water specimen will be cultured to see if it contains life. Specimens from the water are expected to be even older than the life forms extracted from the ice covering.