填空题More Than 8 Hours Sleep—Too much of a Good Thing Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences. Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night"s sleep than 8-hour sleepers. These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night"s rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night. He added that "it might be a good idea" for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this. Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep. For instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more. For the current report, Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires, in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep, and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning. Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing sleep problems than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence, he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed. "It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they"ll spend a higher percentage of time awake." he said.

填空题 Facts about Stroke 1. Every 45 seconds, someone in America has a stroke. Every 3.1 minutes, someone dies of one. Stroke killed an estimated 167,661 people in 2000 and is the nation's third leading cause of death, ranking behind diseases of the heart and all forms of cancer. Stroke is a leading cause of serious, long-term disability in the United States. 2. Stroke is a type of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. It affects the arteries (动脉) leading to and within the brain. A stroke occurs when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients (营养物) to the brain is either blocked by a clot (凝块) or bursts. When that happens, part of the brain cannot get the blood (and oxygen) it needs, so it starts to die. 3. The brain is an extremely complex organ that controls various body functions. If a stroke occurs and blood flow can't reach the region that controls a particular body function, that part of the body won't work as it should. If the stroke occurs toward the back of the brain, for instance it's likely that some disability involving vision will result. The effects of a stroke depend primarily on the location of the obstruction (阻塞) and the extent of brain tissue affected. 4. The American Stroke Association has identified several factors that increase the risk of stroke. The more risk factors a person has, the greater the chance that he or she will have a stroke. Some of these you can't control, such as increasing age, family health history, race, and prior stroke. But you can change or treat other risk factors to lower your risk. Factors resulting from lifestyle or environment can be modified with a healthcare provider's help. Some of these include: high blood pressure, current smoking, heart disease, and high red blood cell count. 5. A stroke can happen to anyone at any moment. In fact about 600,000 people have strokes every year. For many years, there was no hope for those suffering a stroke. However, recent breakthroughs have led to new treatments. For the treatments to work, the person must get to a hospital immediately.

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择 5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}}Pain{{/B}} All of us have felt pain. We have cut ourselves. We have been burned. Or we have had headaches. Some of us suffer pain rarely.{{U}} (46) {{/U}} Pain can take complete control of our body and mind, making it impossible to move and even to think. Yet we need pain. Without it, we would not know if we have hurt ourselves. It is our body's warning system.{{U}} (47) {{/U}} Pain is the most common reason we go to a doctor. It is the most common reason we take medicines. Until recently, however, most doctors knew of only a few drugs that stopped some pains.{{U}} (48) {{/U}}But new knowledge about the process of pain is helping them to control pain better. Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals.{{U}} (49) {{/U}}Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow. The first message is the warning signal. It moves at a speed of 30 meters a second. In less than a second, the brain understands that part of the body is hurt and how badly it is injured.{{U}} (50) {{/U}}It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.A. And others have painful attacks all the time.B. These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord (脊髓) to the brain, and back down again.C. It tells us that we are injured and should do something about it.D. They knew little about the process of pain itself.E. The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.F. And they send the second, slower message of pain to the brain.

填空题Washoe Learned American Sign Language 1．An animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington. Washoe had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American sign language. She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language. Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language. 2．Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966. In 1969, the Gardners described Washoe"s progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example, Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas. She also asked questions like," Who is coming to play?" Once the news about Washoe spread, many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed. 3．However, critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers. They said she had never developed true language skills. Even now there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory, and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe"s keepers disagree. Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg, Washington. There, Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees, which are still alive. 4．Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today, there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time. 5．Debate continues about chimps" understanding of human communication. Yet, one thing is sure— Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

填空题Blasts from the Past 1 Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history. Not because they were bigger, but because the carbon they released wiped out life with greater ease. 2 Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions. Not all volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals, but all the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock. To his surprise, the older the massive volcanic eruptions were, the more damage they seemed to do. 3 Wignall calculated the "killing efficiency" for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older ruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals. 4 The Permian extinction, for example, which happened 250 million years ago, is marked by floods of volcanic rock in. Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe, Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 rigatonis of carbon as carbon dioxide, The global waning that followed wiped out 8 per cent of all marine genera at the time, and it took 5 million years far tire planet to recover. 5 Yet 60 million years ago in the late Paleocene there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global-warming but no mass extinction. Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years, "The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all," Wignall says. He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous, 65 million years ago, because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid. 6 Wignall thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of CO2 Ocean chemistry may also have played a role. As the super continents broke up and exposed more coastline there may have been more weathering of silica rocks. This would have encouraged the growth of phytoplankton in the oceans, increasing the amount of CO2 absorbed from the atmosphere. 7 Vincent Courtillot, director of the Paris Geophysical Institute in France, says that Wignall's idea is provocative. But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations. He points out that the killing power of volcanic eruptions depends on how long they fasted. And it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years. 8 Courtillot also adds that it is difficult to estimate how much lava prehistoric Volcanoes produced, and that lava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxide or sculpture dioxide emissions.A. Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic EruptionsB. Association of Mass Extinction with Volcanic EruptionC. Calculation of the Killing Power of Older EruptionsD. A Mass ExtinctionE. Volcanic Eruptions That Caused No Mass ExtinctionF. Accounting for the Killing Power of Older Eruptions

填空题Individuals should be provided with necessary conditions for ______.

填空题Caribbean Islands What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands? Palm trees and coconuts (椰子)? White beaches and clear, blue ocean? Colorful corals (珊瑚) and even more colorful fishes and birds? You bet. There are thousands of islands in the Caribbean Sea. They are famous for their warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty. The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of me Atlantic Ocean, Some of the islands were formed by the eruption (爆发) of ancient volcanoes (火山) 1 The Caribbean Islands are known by several names. 2 The explorer Christopher Columbus called the islands the Indies in 1492 because he thought he was near the coast of India. Later, Spain and France called the islands the Antilles. There are four large islands in the Caribbean Sea 3 These four islands are often called the Greater Antilles Together, they account for about 90 percent of the land area of the Caribbean Islands The rest of the Caribbean Islands are much smaller. Some of these islands are no more than tiny slivers (小片) of exposed coral. You can see why pirates (海盗) such as the famous Blackbeard satled these waters. 4 The weather of the Caribbean Sea is almost always warm and sunny sandy beaches line the coasts of many islands. This is why millions of tourists visit the islands each year 5 A. But life Oil the Caribbean Islands is not always painful. B. The earliest name used by Europeans is the Indies, later changed to the West Indies. C. Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean. D. They are Cuba, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and Hispaniola. E. Many tourists arrive on cruise ships. F. There are countless small islands to bury treasure or hide on.

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 {{B}}Old Man Myths and Realities{{/B}}1. When does a middle-aged man become an old man? Officially, of course, it's when we reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt (生硬的) method of decision making. As life expectancy (预期寿命) increases, retirement planning needs to be changed. This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a generation or so ago.2. Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-old, that is ages 70-75, and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family. The old-old have a much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.3. Although men are living longer, there are still more old women than old men. This fact alone should arouse interest as to why. Relatively little is actually known about why this is the case or about the experiences of the old man. Sure, we are aware that the old man experiences anxiety, financial problems, loneliness, etc., but that's really about all we know.4. It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health. In fact, most rate their health as good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness. The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they were younger.

填空题Yoga May Help Ease High Blood Pressure People who follow the ancient practice of yoga may be getting an added health boost, with a new study suggesting it can fight high blood pressure—also known as hypertension. "This study confirms many people"s feelings that exercise may be useful in the control of hypertension," said Dr. Howard. "Yoga would be a useful adjunct in the lowering of blood pressure in certain populations." 1 Although the study couldn"t prove a cause-and-effect relationship, doing yoga two to three times a week was associated with an average drop in blood pressure readings from 133/80 to 130/77 ,the researchers said. In comparison, the average decrease in blood pressure was smaller (134/83 to 132/82) among people who ate a special diet but did not do yoga. In a bit of a surprise, doing yoga in tandem with a special diet did not outperform doing yoga alone. 2 Dr. Howard said the study shows that "yoga can have a favorable effect" on hypertension. 3 "But some large population studies have suggested that changes of this magnitude could have very significant long-term benefits." 4 , including its relatively short length and the fact that most participants were young and had milder forms of high blood pressure, Dr. Howard said. 5 "Yoga, along with deep breathing exercises, meditation and inner reflection, is a good adjunctive and integrative cardiovascular approach to better health, including lowering blood pressure, as this data suggests," said Dr. David Friedman. A. This may be because doing both required a greater amount of time, making it more difficult for participants to stick with their regimens. B. In the study, researchers tracked 58 women and men, aged 38 to 62 ,for six months. C. The study did have some limitations D. Yoga is proved to be effective in lowering high blood pressure. E. Another expert agreed that the ancient Indian practice of yoga might ease hypertension. F. The amount of change was small, he said.

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 Shortly after the British naturalist, Charles Darwin, published his theory of evolution, a Victorian lady was asked what she thought of the idea that humans and animals were descended from a common ancestor. "Let us hope it is not true," she said.{{U}} (46) {{/U}} This story is probably apocryphal, but it illustrates well the attitudes of the time.{{U}} (47) {{/U}}Many people accept Darwin's view of how we came into being that our bodies evolved through the process of natural selection acting on our genes. However, Darwin believed evolution was responsible for far more than just our physical characteristics. He saw it as the major influence in shaping our psychology. In- deed, he predicted that "in the distant future, psychology will be based on a new foundation".{{U}} (48) {{/U}} To proponents of concepts like free will and personal responsibility, such an idea seems absurd.{{U}} (49) {{/U}} Their research has revealed increasing evidence that the human mind is made up of innate mechanisms, which control everything from the way we perceive time and space, to how we learn survival techniques and choose mates. {{U}} (50) {{/U}}Steven Pinker, Professor of Cognitive Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, likens language ability to computer software, "children learn a new word every 90 minutes of their waking life for years, then they have to figure out how to string them together using a kind of mental computer program. The essence of human language is the ability to convey new ideas by putting words together in different combinations. Since we all have this language 'software' in our minds, we can figure out what others are saying by the meanings of the words and the order in which they are arranged." A. Today, we are more comfortable with out past. B. "And, if it is true, let us hope it does not become public knowledge." C. But a growing number of scientists are questioning the extent to which our behavior is controlled by our culture. D. Many people are calling for controls on cloning immedicte1y before the practice is abused. E. The foundation was, of course, his theory of evolution. F. Nowhere is this more obvious than our innate ability to learn languages.

填空题Lung Cancer 1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years. It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts. There are many possible causes, but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy. Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air (smoke particles, smog, exhaust fumes), and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars. 2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits. Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers. It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect. 3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis. Too often, however, a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer. Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained. Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger, at least to those over 40 years of age, that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed. 4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma, so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus. The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked, cutting off the supply of air to that lung. The lung then collapses, and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected, with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess. Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body. The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure, before secondary growths have had time to form, is to remove the lung completely. This operation is called pneumonectomy. 5 Malignant tumors of the stomach, the breast, the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs, causing secondary growths.

填空题China Seek Donors to Narrow Bone Marrow(骨髓)Gap China has launched a campaign to recruit more bone marrow donors, amid a shortage of funds as well as of sibling donors who could help the growing number of patients in need of life-saving transplants, state media reported on Monday. The Chinese Red Cross began the national campaign over the weekend to find donors for some 4 million patients suffering from leukaemia (白血病), thalassanemia (地中海贫血) and other blood diseases and awaiting bone marrow transplants, the official China Daily said. Every year China has 40,000 new leukaemia patients, most of them under 35 and 50 per cent of them children, the newspaper said. Other reports have linked China"s growing childhood leukaemia to solvents and building materials used in interior decoration. With a tiny pool of bone marrow donors, weakened by the absence of sibling donors for most children because of China"s one-child policy, doctors rely on donors from Taiwan to save many young leukaemia patients, the Belling Evening News said last weekend. Tatwan, with a population of 22 million, has 210,000 registered donors compared with fewer than 30,000 donors among mainland China"s 1.3 billion people, the newspaper said. Yet the lack of registered donors may reflect a lack of funding for testing and recording data on potential donors rather than a lack of volunteers, the newspaper said. China needs a pool of at least 100,000 donors but testing them would cost more than 50 million yuan (6 million dollars), it said. The Hong Kong Marrow Match Foundation said it has helped "a handful" of patients in Beijing, Shanghai and other cities. "The number of requests is increasing" from mainland China, including direct calls to the charity from desperate patients or relatives, said the foundation"s donor coordinator Marven Chin. But the cost of extracting bone marrow from one of the foundation"s 40,000 registered donors and flying it by courier has to be borne by the patients, and many of them have to be aided financially, Chin said.

填空题The rate of forgetting is the same ______.

填空题Mergers The most common kind of consolidation today is the merger. A merger occurs (46) . With the deregulation of natural gas, the nation's 20 interstate pipeline companies became fearful of cutthroat competition. Some felt that they could increase their efficiency and improve their market flexibility by merging. In 1985 Inter north of Omaha paid $2.3 billion for Houston Natural Gas Corporation, (47) . The system connected markets from coast to coast and raised sales to $10 billion. On occasion, mergers have occurred between smaller companies in an industry dominated by a few giant firms. These smaller companies claim that they need to merge to become more efficient and effective in competing against the biggest corporations. They maintain that such action increases competition instead of reducing it. The Antitrust Division of the Justice Department has not always agreed with them. Four major waves of mergers have taken place in this country. The first started in 1887, just prior to the passage of the Sherman Antitrust Act, and ended in 1904. It involved such giants as United States Steel and Standard Oil trying to create monopolies in their industries. From the end of World War I until the 1930s, large firms swallowed smaller firms to create oligopolies. The monopoly had no chance and the oligopoly little chance of succeeding today under present antitrust policy. The third major merger movement began in the 1960s, reached a peak in 1969, (48) . Many of the acquisitions involved giant firms in one industry buying up large companies in totally unrelated industries. Such mergers are called conglomerate mergers. A classic example is Mobil Oil Corporation's purchase of the huge retail chain Montgomery Ward & Company. Mergers in the last ten years were in the thousands. More important is the value of the transactions, which has risen sharply. The number of mergers and acquisitions apply (49) . The petroleum industry had mergers and acquisitions valued at closed to $80 billion between 1981 and 1984. Other industries (50) were banking and finance, insurance, mining and mineral, processed foods.A. thereby gaining control of the world's longest pipelineB. and then gradually declinedC. experiencing large takeoversD. resulting in combinations of small firmsE. only to those valued at $100 million or moreF. when two or more companies get together to form one company

填空题 Einstein Named "Person of the Century" Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel the secrets of the atom and of the universe, was chosen as "Person of the Century" by Time magazine on Sunday. A man whose very name is synonymous with scientific genius, Einstein has come to represent more than any other person the flowering of 20th century scientific though that set the stage for the age of technology. "The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic, but technological—technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science," wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einstein's significance. {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}} Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism, and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics. "What we saw was Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedom's fight against totalitarianism, Gandhi personifying the great theme of individuals struggling for their rights, and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of freedom, "said Time magazine Editor Walter Isaacson. Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}He was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in elementary school. He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams. In 1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}Everything else—mass, weight, space, even time itself is a variable. And he offered the world his now-famous equation: energy equals mass times the speed of light squared-E=mc2. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}"There was less faith in absolutes, not only of time and space but also of truth and morality." Einstein's famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein, an avowed pacifist, signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}Einstein did not work on the project. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey in 1955. A. "Indirectly, relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality, art and politics," Isaacson wrote in an essay explaining Time's choices. B. How he thought of the relativity theory influenced the general public's view about Albert Einstein. C. "Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein." D. Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the "Manhattan Project" that secretly developed the first atomic weapon. E. In his early years, Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become. F. In his Special Theory of Relativity, Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light.

填空题 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}}Dung to death{{/B}} Fields across Europe are contaminated with dangerous levels of the antibiotics (抗生素) given to farm animals. The drugs, which are in manure sprayed (喷射) onto fields as fertilizers (肥料), could be getting into our food and water, helping to create a new generation of antibiotic-resistant "superbugs” The warning comes from a researcher in Switzerland who looked at levels of the drugs in farm slurry.{{U}}(46) {{/U}} Some 20,000 tons of antibiotics are used in the European Union and the US each year. More than half are given to farm-animals to prevent disease and promote growth.{{U}} (47) {{/U}} Most researchers assumed that humans become infected with the resistant strains by eating contaminated meat. But far more of the drugs end :up in manure than in meat products, says Stephen Mueller of the Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology in Dubendorf.{{U}} (48) {{/U}} With millions of tons of animals manure (施肥于) spread onto fields of crops such as wheat and barley each year, this pathway seems an equally likely route for spreading resistance, he said. The drugs contaminate (污染) the crops, which are then eaten.{{U}} (49) {{/U}} Mueller is particularly concerned about a group of antibiotics called sulphonamides. {{U}}(50) {{/U}} His analysis found that Swiss farm manure contains a high percentage of sulphonamides; each hectare of field could be contaminated with up to 1 kilogram of the drugs. This concentration is high enough to trigger the development of resistance among bacteria. But vets are not treating the issue seriously. There is growing concern at the extent to which drugs, including antibiotics, are polluting the environment. Many drugs given to humans are also excreted unchanged and are not broken down by conventional sewage (用污水灌溉) treatment. A. They do not easily degrade or dissolve in water. B. And manure contains especially high levels of bugs that are resistant to antibiotics, he says. C. Animal antibiotics is still an area to which insufficient attention has been paid. D. But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyard drugs and the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people. E. His findings are particularly shocking because Switzerland is one of the few countries to have banned antibiotics as growth promoters in animals feed. F. They could also be leaching into tap water pumped from rocks beneath fertilized fields.

填空题下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2) 第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳的选项。 Health Education Health education is the part of health care that is concerned with promoting healthy behavior. A person's behavior may be the main cause of a health problem, but it can also be the main solution. This is true for the teenager who smokes, the mother with the poorly nourished (营养) child, and the butcher (屠夫，卖肉的人) who gets a cut on his finger. By changing their behavior these individuals can solve and prevent many of their own problems. Health education does not replace other health services, but it is needed to promote the proper use of these services. One example of this is immunization(免疫) : scientists have made many vaccines(疫苗) to prevent diseases, but this achievement is of no value unless people go to receive immunization. Health education encourages behavior that promotes health, prevent illness, cures disease and contributes to recovery. The needs and interests of individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities are at the heart of health education programs. Thus there are many opportunities for practicing health education. Health education is not the same thing as health information. Correct information is certainly a basic part of health education, but health education must also address the other factors that affect health behavior such as availability (可获性) of resources, effectiveness of community leadership, social support from family members, and levels of self-help skills. Health education therefore uses a variety of methods to help people understand their own situations and choose actions that will improve their health. Health education is incomplete unless it encourages involvement and choice by the people themselves. Also, in health education we do not blame people if they do not behave in a healthy way. Often unhealthy behavior is not the fault of the individual. In health education we must work with families, communities, and even regional authorities to make sure that resources and support are available to enable each individual to lead a healthy life. A. Importance of immunization B. Relationship with other health services C. Creation of necessary conditions for healthy behavior D. Encouraging unhealthy behavior E. Encouragement of behavior good for your health F. Addressing a variety of behavior--affecting factors

填空题Insomnia Chinese people don"t seem to be catching much sleep. Experts say insomnia (失眠) has become the second most serious health problem after headaches in neurological (神经病学的) diagnoses over the country, afflicting (使苦恼，折磨) most people between 30and 50. According to a study last year on adult sleep quality in six large Chinese cities, about 57 percent of respondents have had sleep disorders over the year. And many of them have insomnia. Over the past four years, the number of patients treated at the insomnia clinic of the Sleep Disorders Institute at the Shanghai TCM Hospital has increased 3.5 times every year. Last year, it treated more than 18,000 people with sleeping problems, about 50 every day. People complain to their doctors that when they cannot sleep well at night，they don"t feel good during the day. And then they can"t sleep well again that night. It"s a vicious cycle that haunts (visit frequently) people with sleep disorders. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) doctors are telling people to go to bed early in autumn and winter. Most Chinese believe it is a golden rule for good health. But new research indicates uninterrupted sleep is more important than the length of time in bed. Fragmented sleep causes health problems, which could affect the quality of sleep at night. Different seasons make different times appropriate for going to bed and waking up, TCM doctors say. And in both autumn and winter, it"s better to sleep early and eat certain dishes to keep healthy. They suggest people at night to fall asleep between 11 p.m. and 1 a.m. and massage (按摩) the feet before sleeping if possible. A new research in US indicates sleep does not change much from age 60 onwards; and poor sleep is not because of aging, but mostly because of illnesses or medications used to treat them, says a report in the New York Times .

填空题下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 A Heroic Woman The whole of the United States cheered its latest hero, Ashley Smith, with the Federal Bureau of investigation saying it was planning to give a big reward to her for having a brave heart and wise mind. {{U}} (46) {{/U}} She was moving into her apartment in Atlanta, Georgia early on the morning of March 12, when a man followed her to her door and put a gun to her side. "I started walking to my door, and I felt really, really afraid. " she said in a TV interview last week. The man was Brian Nichols ,33. He was suspected of killing three people at an Atlanta courthouse (法院) on March 11 and later of killing a federal agent. {{U}}(47) {{/U}} Nichols tied Smith up with tape, but released her after she repeatedly begged him not to take her life. "I told him if he hurt me, my little girl wouldn't have a mummy. " she said. In order to calm the man down, she read to him from "The Purpose-Driven Life", a best-selling religious book. He asked her to repeat a paragraph "about what you thought your purpose in life was--what talents were you given. "{{U}} (48) {{/U}} "I basically just talked to him and tried to gain his trust. " Smith said. Smith said she asked Nichols why he chose her. "He said he thought I was an angel sent from God, and we were Christian sister and brother. " she said. "And that he was lost, and that God led him to me to tell him that he had hurt a lot of people. "{{U}} (49) {{/U}} She said Nichols was surprised when she made him breakfast and that the two of them watched television coverage (报道) of the police hunt for him. "I cannot believe that's me. " Nichols told the woman. Then, Nichols asked Smith what she thought he should do. She said, "I think you should turn yourself in. If you don't, lets more people are going to get hurt. " Eventually, he let her go. {{U}}(50) {{/U}} A US $ 60,000 reward had been posted for Nichols' capture. Authorities said they did not yet know if Smith would be eligible (有资格的) for that money. A. The local police were searching for him. B. Smith is a 26-year-old single mother with a daughter. C. Smith tried very hard to kill Nichols. D. She even cooked breakfast for the man before he allowed, her to leave. E. And the two of them discussed this topic. F. Then she called the police.

填空题Canada Ikea: What a Great Place for You to Shop There are many different stores that people go to in order to buy various household goods (46) .The Canada Ikea (宜家)is not confined to one city alone in that country. Instead, you will find there are many different branches spread out in many different Localities. As with all of the Ikea stores the Canada Ikea deals mainly with selling top quality Swedish furniture (47) . One facet (方面) of the Canada Ikea that its customers will like is that the store has the ability of catering (迎合) to their English speaking customers as well as their French customers. To make shopping for furniture and other goods easy the Ikea stores in every country are all set out in the same manner (48) . As a result of this the Canada Ikea is one that its local and foreign customers enjoy visiting. To help make it easy for you to shop for the items that you want there are large blue and yellow bags or shopping carts available (49) 。 As you wander through the store you will find many interesting items that you can use for your home or even office. With these products you will have a beautiful house that you can live comfortably in. (50) . The Canada Ikea is a great place for you to shop.A. This furniture is designed to provide the home owner with stylish furniture that is also affordable and perfect for everyday use.B. With so many items to be found you are sure to want to buy everything that catches your fancy.C. These bags and carts are perfect for the many different lamp shades, cushions (垫子), bed linens(亚麻布), toys and other medium to small-sized objects that you want.D. This makes it very easy for visitors from other countries to buy the items they need without wandering around the store trying to find their goods.E. One such store that you can find in many different countries including that of Canada is that of the Ikea chain of stores.F. The larger sized objects are displayed in the showrooms of the Canada Ikea Stores.