填空题A. occurs most infrequently B. is shifted sideways by strong winds C. is often hidden from our view D. is equipped with a good knowledge of various forms of lightning E. is estimated at 20 millions a year F. is positively charged

填空题Every Dog Has Its Say Kimiko Fukuda, a Japanese girl, always wondered what her dog was trying to say. Whenever she put on makeup, it would pull at her sleeve. 1 When the dog barks, she glances at a small electronic gadget (装置). The following "human" translation appears on its screen: "Please take me with you. I realized that"s how he was feeling." said Fukuda. The gadget is called Bowlingual, and it translates dog barks into feelings. People laughed when the Japanese toymaker Takara Company made the world"s first dog—human translation machine in 2002 But 300,000 Japanese dog owners bought it. 2 "Nobody else had thought about it," said Masahiko Kajita, who works for Takara. "We spend so much time training dogs to understand our orders; what would it be like if we could understand dogs?" Bowlingual has two parts. 3 The translation is done in the gadget using a database (资料库) containing every kind of bark. Based on animal behaviour research, these noises are divided into six categories, happiness, sadness, frustration, anger, declaration and desire 4 In this way, the database scientifically matches a bark to an emotion, which is then translated into one of 200 phrases. When a visitor went to Fukuda"s house recently, the dog barked a loud "bow wow". This translated as "Don"t come this way". 5 The product will be available in US pet stores this summer for about US $120. It can store up to 100 barks, even recording the dog"s emotions when the owner is away. A. A wireless microphone is attached to the dog"s collar, which sends information to the gadget held by the owner. B. Nobody really knows how a dog feels. C. It was followed by "I"m stronger than you" as the dog growled (嗥叫) and sniffed (嗅) at the visitor. D. More customers are expected when the English version is launched this summer. E. Now, the Japanese girl thinks she knows. F. Each one of these emotions is then linked to a phrase like "Let"s play", "Look at me", or "Spend more time with me".

填空题 All of US Have Felt Pain We have cut ourselves. We have been burned. Or we have had headaches. Some of us suffer pain rarely pain rarely. {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}} Pain can take complete control of our body anal mind, making it impossible to move and even to think. Yet we need pain. Without it, we would not know if we have hurt ourselves. It is our body's warning system. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}} Pain is the most common reason we go to a doctor. It is the most common reason we take medicines. Until recently, however, most doctors knew of only a few drugs that stopped some pains. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}But new knowledge about the process of pain is helping them to control pain better. Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow. The first message is the warning signal. It moves at a speed of 30 meters a second. In less than a second, the brain understands that part of the body is hurt and how badly it is injured. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals. A. And others have painful attacks all the time. B. These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord (脊髓) to the brain, and back down again. C. It tells us that "we are injured and should do something about it." D. They knew little about the process of pain itself. E. The other message moves at a speed of only 13 meters a second. F. And they send the second, slower message of pain to the brain.

填空题A. Effects of ACE and ACE InhibitorsB. Wide Use of ACE InhibitorsC. How to Deal with High Blood Pressure in Pregnant WomenD. Damage to Pregnant Women' s Future BabiesE. Suggestions on Stopping the Use of ACE InhibitorsF. Relative Safety for Women during the First Three Months of Pregnancies

填空题______ If the dentist says," This will hurt a little," it helps us to accept the pain. By staying relaxed, and by treating the pain as an interesting sensation (感觉), we can handle the pain without falling apart. After all, although pain is an unpleasant sensation, it is still a sensation, and sensations are the stuff, of life.A. This ability that some humans have developed to handle pain should give us ideas about how the mind can deal with pain.B. The big thing in withstanding pain is our attitude toward it.C. However, many of us cannot stand pain.D. Look at the Indian fakir (行僧) who sits on a bed ofnails.E. We demand the "needle" - a shot of novocaine (奴佛卡因，一种局部麻醉剂) - that deadens the nerves around the tooth.F. But we pay for our sensitivity.

填空题Co-educational VS. Single-sex schools Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools? A supporter of xo-educational schools would probably say that schools should be like the societies they belong to. In Hong Kong, men and women mix socially on a day-to-day basis. In many fields men are even likely to have female bosses. It is, therefore, desirable that boys and girls grow up together, go to school together, and prepare themselves for a society that does not value sexual separation. Some would go on to argue further that growing up with members of the opposite sex is important for personal development. Regular contact (接触) can remove the strange ideas about the opposite sex and lead to more natural relationships. Single-sex conditions are seen as leading to more extreme opinions, and possibly even as encouraging homosexuality (同性恋), though there is no proof that this is the case. Those who are against co-education often also fix their attention on the sexual side. Some parents fear that close contact with members of the opposite sex is dangerous for teenagers. They want their children to be attentive to their studies. Such parents feel uncomfortable with modern ways and the free mixing of the sexes. A stronger argument comes from research into school results. Girls grow up earlier than boys, tend to be more orderly and are likely to be better at languages. In a mixed class, boys who might do well in a single-sex class become discouraged and take on the role of troublemaker. Certainly in the UK this situation has greatly alarmed (惊动) the government for it to be encouraging co-educational schools to have some single-sex classes. In the UK the best schools are all single-sex, strongly suggesting that co-education is not the best answer. This may, however, not be as simple as it looks. It may simply be that the famous old schools that attract the best students happen to be single-sex, rather than that being single-sex makes them better schools.

填空题下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。{{B}}ReducePackaging{{/B}}PressureincreasedrecentlyonBritishsupermarketsandretailerstoreducepackagingaspartofananti-wastecampaign.{{U}}(46){{/U}}Britaingenerates4.6milliontonsofhouseholdwasteeveryyearbypackaging.Dozensofpeoplehaveexpressedangerattheexcessofplasticwrapping.CampaignershavecalledonBritaintolearnfromotherEuropeancountries.{{U}}(47){{/U}}Whenreturnedbottlesareputinavendingmachine(自动售货机),thedepositisrefunded,EnvironmentalistswarnthatBritainlagsbehindinthis.Therewerereportsofgrowinguneaseamongconsumersovertheamountofpackagingtheyhavetodealwith.Tradestandardsofficersalsoobjecttoexcessivepackaging{{U}}(48){{/U}}.InresponsetoacampaignbyBritain'sTheIndependentnewspaper,leadingsupermarketshavepointedtovariousinitiativestowinthepublicconfidence{{U}}(49){{/U}}.Butcampaignerssaidretailersandthegovernmentcouldlearnmuchfromanti-wastepracticesontheContinent.InSweden,non-recyclablebatterieshavebeentaxedsinceI991toencourageaswitchtoalternatives.{{U}}(50){{/U}}InGermany,plasticbagsareunheardofinsupermarketsanddepositsarepaidforreusableplasticandglassbeveragebottles.A.Ifaproductisoverpackaged,don'tbuyit.B.InBelgium,whenyoubuysomethinginaplasticorglasscontainer,youmakeadeposit.C.Thisisbecausetoomuchpaddingcangivebuyersafalseimpressionofwhattheyarebuying.D.Thishasresultedina74percentreductioninsales.E.Tescosaiditwassaving112,000tonsofcardboardayearbyswitchingtoreusableplasticcrates(装货箱)fortransportingitsfreshproduce.F.ThecampaignwasinitiatedbyTheIndependentnewspaper.

填空题How did English Become a Global Language 1 The rise of English is a remarkable tale as Professor David Crystal reminds us in his attractive, short hook "English has become a global language. " 2 It is certainly quite a theme. When Julius Caesar landed in Britain more, than 2,000 years ago, English did not exist. Five hundred years later, English, virtually incomprehensible to modern ears, was probably spoken by about as few people as currently speak Cherokee, the language, of a small North American Indian tribe-and with little influence. About 1,000 years later, at the end of the 16th century, and after the Norman Conquest, the Reformation and the arrival of commercial printing technology, English was the native speech of between 5 million and 7 million people. And yet now look at it. As the second millennium approaches, English is more widely scattered, more widely spoken and written than any other language has newer been. In the title of the book, it has become a truly global language. According to David Crystal, about 2.09 billion people, well over one-third of the world's population are routinely exposed to it. 3 As he rightly points out, what is impressive about this staggering figure is: "not so much the grand total but the speed with which expansion has taken place since the 1950s. In 1950, the case tot English as a world language would have been no more than plausible. Fifty years on and the case is virtually won. " 4 So what happened'? 5 Someone once said that a language is a dialect with an army and a navy. In other words, when the British navy set out to conquer the world, is set out an "army" of English speakers. As the British empire spread throughout the world, English became the basis of law, commerce and education. The British empire was succeeded by another(the American), which shared virtually the same linguistic heritage. American English, which has become the rocket-fuel of the English language, has magically found its way into areas undreamed of 40, let alone 400 years ago. 6 The most valuable part of Crystal's study is the section devoted to a speedy analysis of the cultural basis of this global reach, notably the influence of broadcasting, press, advertising, popular music and film. He is also up-to-date and informative in his identification of the World-Wide-Web us a powerful reinforcer of American cultural and linguistic dominance. 7 One of his most interesting passages concerns the role played by the League of Nations, and later the Untied Nations, in spreading English as an international language in the aftermath of the two world wars. 8 What does the. future hold? To this question, Crystal proposes the recognition of a new form of English-WSSE( world standard Spoken English)-which almost by definition rules out the possibility that English would fragment into mutually unintelligible language as Latin once did. "English, in some shape or form, will find itself in the service of the world community forever," Crystal writes.A. The figure of EnglishB. The speed of the spread of EnglishC. The role played by culture and the netD. The role played by military expansionE. The role played by educationF. The 2,000 years of English

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1—4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 {{B}}Ford{{/B}}1 Ford's great strength was the manufacturing process--not invention. Long before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machines. He started putting cars together in 1891. Although it was by no means the first popular automobile, the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market.2 The company's assembly line alone threw America's Industrial Revolution into overdrive (高速运转). Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Ford's friends, who were great toolmakers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line. By the time Ford's Highland Park plant was humming (嗡嗡作响) along in 1914, the world's first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes.3 The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the $5-a-day minimum wage scheme, the greatest contribution he had ever made. The average wage in the auto industry then was $2.34 for a 9-hour shift. Ford not only doubled that, he also took an hour off the workday. In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didn't involve an awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal called the plan "an economic crime", and critics everywhere laughed at Ford.4 But as the wage increased later to daily $10, it proved a critical component Of Ford's dream to make the automobile accessible (可及的) to all. The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didn't matter—except for making it possible for more people to buy cars.

填空题The Building of the Pyramids The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids. (46) There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the "Step" pyramid and the "Bent" pyramid. Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings. (47) These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last for ever. (48) However, there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves. (49) Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them. One thing is certain: there must have been months of careful planning before they could begin to build. (50) You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere. Certain rules had to be followed, and certain problems had to be overcome.A. The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape have made them less likely to fall into ruin.B. It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved.C. The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place.D. Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used.E. Many people were killed while building the pyramids.F. They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet.

填空题Facts about Stroke 1 Every 45 seconds, someone in America has a stroke. Every 3.1 minutes, someone dies of one. Stroke killed an estimated 167,661 people in 2000 and is the nation"s third leading cause of death, ranking behind diseases of the heart and all forms of cancer. Stroke is a leading cause of serious, long-term disability in the United States. 2 Stroke is a type of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. It affects the arteries (动脉) leading to and within the brain. A stroke occurs when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients (营养物 ) to the brain is either blocked by a clot (凝块) or bursts. When that happens, part of the brain cannot get the blood (and oxygen) it needs, so it starts to die. 3 The brain is an extremely complex organ that controls various body functions. If a stroke occurs and blood flow can"t reach the region that controls a particular body function, that part of the body won"t work as it should. If the stroke occurs toward the back of the brain, for instance, it"s likely that some disability involving vision will result. The effects of a stroke depend primarily on the location of the obstruction (阻塞) and the extent of brain tissue affected. 4 The American Stroke Association has identified several factors that increase the risk of stroke. The more risk factors a person has, the greater the chance that he or she will have a stroke. Some of these you can"t control, such as increasing age, family health history, race, and prior stroke. But you can change or treat other risk factors to lower your risk. Factors resulting from lifestyle or environment can be modified with a healthcare provider"s help. Some of these include: high blood pressure, current smoking, heart disease, and high red blood cell count. 5 A stroke can happen to anyone at any moment. In fact about 600,000 people have strokes every year. For many years, there was no hope for those suffering a stroke. However, recent breakthroughs have led to new treatments. For the treatments to work, the person must get to a hospital immediately.

填空题A. Determination of Drug AbuseB. Measures against of drug abuseC. Drug Testing in the WorkplaceD. Classification of Psychoactive DrugsE. DefinitionF. Depressants' Functions

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 The making of weathervanes devices fixed on the top of buildings to show directions of the wind is an ancient skill, going back to early Egyptian times. Today the crater is still very much alive in the workshop that Graham Smith has set up. He is one of the few people in the country who make hand-cut weathervanes. Graham's designs are individually created and tailored to the specific requirements of his customers. "That way I can produce a unique per signalized item", he explains. A lot of my customers are women buying presents for their husbands. They want a distinctive gift that represents the man's business or leisure interests." It's all a far cry from the traditional cock, the most common design for weathervanes. It's was not a cock but a witch on a broomstick that featured on the first weathervane Graham ever made. Frieds admired his surprise present for his wife and began asking him to make vanes for them. "I realized that when it came to subjects that could be made into them, the possibilities were limitless," he says. {{U}}(46) {{/U}}. He had served an apprenticeship as a precision engineer and had worked in that trade for 15 years when he and his wife, Liz, agreed to swap roles—she went out to work as an architectural assistant and he stayed at home to look after the children and build up the business. That was five years ago and he has no regrets about his new direction. "My previous work didn't have an artistic element to it, whereas this is exciting and creative," he says. "I really enjoy the design side."{{U}} (47) {{/U}}. He works to very fling detail, aways seeking approval for the design of the silhouette from the customer before proceeding with the hand-cutting. Graham also keeps plenty of traditional designs in stock, since they prove as popular as the one-offs. "It seems that people are attracted to handcrafting," Graham says. "They welcome the opportunity to acquire something a little bit different" {{U}}(48) {{/U}}. "I have found my place in the market. People love the individuality and I get a lot of saris faction from seeing a nondescript shape turn into something almost lifelike," he says {{U}}(49) {{/U}}. "And nowadays, with more and more people moving to the country, individuals want to put an exclusive finishing touch to their properties. It has been a boost to crafts tike mines {{U}}(50) {{/U}}." American and Danish buyers in particular are showing interest. "Pricing," he explains, "depends on the intricacy of the design. "His most recent request was for a curly-coated dog. Whatever the occasion, Graham can create a gift with a difference.[A] Graham has become increasingly busy, supplying flat-weathervanes to clients worldwide.[B] Graham decided to concentrate his efforts on a weathervane business.[C] Last month, a local school was opened with his galleon ship weathervane hoisted above it.[D] "For centuries, weathervanes have kept communities in touch with the elements, signaling those shifts in wind direction that bring about changes in the weather," he explains.[E] Graham has no plans for expansion, as he wants to keep the business as a rural craft.[F] Graham has now perfected over 100 original designs.

填空题Robotic Cones and Barrels A University of Nebraska professor has developed robotic cones and barrels (锥形路标和路障 ). 31 They can even be programmed to move on their own at any particular part of the day, said Shane Farritor, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Nebraska. For example, if workers arrived at 6 a. m, the cones could move from the side of the highway to block off the lane at that time. 32 "It just seems like a very good application for robots," Farritor said. "The robotic cones would also help remove people from hazardous jobs on the highway putting barrels and cones into place," Farritor said in a report on his creation. 33 This fund allowed Farritor to work on the project with graduate students at Nebraska and his assistant Steve Goddard. The robots are placed at the bottom of the cones and barrels and are small enough not to greatly change the appearance of the construction aides (辅助用具). "It would look exactly the same," Farritor said. "Normally there"s a kind of rubbery, black base to them. 34 " Farritor has talked with officials from the Nebraska Department of Roads about how the robots would be most useful to what they might need. The robots could come in handy following a slow-moving maintenance operation, like painting a stripe on a road or moving asphalt, where now the barrels have to be picked up and moved as the operation proceeds. "That way you don"t have to block off a 10-mile strip for the operation," Farritor said. While prototypes have been made, they are not in use anywhere. Farritor said he has applied for a patent and is considering what to do next. 35 He is also thinking about marketing the robots to roads departments and others across the country that may benefit from them. A. And they can return to the original place at the end of the day. B. He is thinking about starting a small business. C. Farritor was "Inventor of the Year" in 2003. D. Work on the idea began in 2002 using a National Academy of Sciences grant. E. We replace that with a robot. F. These robotic cones and barrels can move out of the way, or into place, from computer commands made miles away.

填空题1. The Great Wall of China Walls and wall building have played a very important role in Chinese culture. These people, from the dim mists of prehistory have been wall -conscious; from the Neolithic period (新石器时代) —when ramparts (防御土墙) of pounded earth were used--to the Communist Revolution, walls were an essential part of any village. (46) The name for "city" in Chinese (ch'eng) means wall, and over these walled cities, villages, houses and temples presides the god of walls and mounts, whose duties were, and still are, to protect and be responsible for the welfare of the inhabitants. (47) However, it is indeed a common mistake to perceive the Great Wall as a single architectural structure, and it would also be erroneous to assume that it was built during a single dynasty. For the building of the wall spanned the various dynasties, and each of these dynasties somehow contributed to the refurbishing and the construction of a wall, whose foundations had been laid many centuries ago. (48) Especially three of these states: the Ch'in, the Chao and the Yen, corresponding respectively to the modern provinces of Shensi, Shanzi and Hopei, over and above building walls that surrounded their kingdoms, also laid the foundations on which Ch'in Shih Huang Di would build his first continuous Great Wall. (49) Throughout the centuries many settlements were established along the new border. The garrison (驻军) troops were instructed to reclaim wasteland and to plant crops on it, roads and canals were built, to mention just a few of the works carried out. (50) Builders, garrisons, artisans, farmers and peasants left behind a trail of objects, including inscribed tablets, household articles, and written work, which have become extremely valuable archaeological evidence to the study of defense institutions of the Great Wall and the everyday life of these people who lived and died along the wall.A. Not only towns alld villages; the houses and the temples within them were somehow walled, and the houses also had no windows overlooking the street, thus giving the feeling of wandering around a huge maze (迷宫).B. All these undertakings greatly helped to increase the country' s trade and cultural exchanges with many remote areas and also with the southern, central and western parts of Asia the formation of the Silk Route:C. Thus a great and extremely laborious task such as constructing a wall, which was supposed to run throughout the country, must not have seemed such an absurdity (谬论).D. The construction of the Great Wall is responsible for a large number of deaths and a vast amount of destruction in various places.E. It was during the fourth and third centuryB.C. that each warring state started building walls to protect their kingdoms, both against one another and against the northern nomads (游牧民).F. The role that the Great Wall played in the growth of Chinese economy was an important on

填空题Old Man Myths and Realities 1 When does a middle-aged man become an old man? Officially, of course, it"s when we reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt (生硬的) method of decision making. As life expectancy (预期寿命) increases ,retirement planning needs to be changed. This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a generation or so ago. 2 Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-old, that is ages 70-75, and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family. The old-old have a much higher chance of poor health and social isolation. 3 Although men are living longer, there are still more old women than old men. This fact alone should arouse interest as to why. Relatively little is actually known about why this is the case or about the experiences of the old man. Sure ,we are aware that the old man experiences anxiety ,financial problems, loneliness, etc., but that"s really about all we know. 4 It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health. In fact, most rate their health as good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness. The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they were younger.

填空题下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 Einstein Named" Person of Century" Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel the secrets of the atom and of the universe, was chosen as "Person of the Century" by Time magazine on Sunday. A man whose very name is synonymous with scientific genius, Einstein has come to represent {{U}}(46) {{/U}} the flowering of 20th century scientific thought that set the stage for the age of technology. "The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic, but technological-technologies {{U}}(47) {{/U}}," wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einstein's significance. "Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein. " Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism, and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics. "What we saw Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedoms fight against totalitarianism, Gandhi personifying the great theme of individuals struggling for their rights, and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances {{U}}(48) {{/U}} ," said Time Magazine Editor Walter Isaacson. Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879. In his early years, Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become. He was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in elementary school. He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams. In1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history. In his "Special Theory of Relativity", Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light. Everything else-mass, weight, space, even time itself-is a variable. And he offered the world his now-famous equation: energy equals mass times the speed of light squared-E=mc2. "Indirectly, relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality, art and politics," Isaacson wrote in an essay {{U}}(49) {{/U}}. "There was less faith in absolutes, not only of time and space but also of truth and morality. " Einstein's famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein, an avowed pacifist, signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did. Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the "Manhattan Project" {{U}}(50) {{/U}}. Einstein did not work on the project. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey in 1955. A. explaining Times choices B. how he thought of the relativity theory C. more than any other person D. that secretly developed the first atomic weapon E. that flowed directly from advances in basic science F. that helped expand the growth of freedom

填空题下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1) 第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中第2、4、5、6每段选择1个最佳标题；(2) 第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences. Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble failing and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night's sleep than 8 hour sleepers. These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night. He added that "it might be a good idea" for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this. Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep, for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more. For the current report, Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires, in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep, and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning. Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to re port experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence, he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed. "It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they'll spend a higher percentage of time a wake. "he said. A. Kripke's research tool B. Dangers of Habitual shortages of sleep C. Criticism on Kripke's report D. A way of overcoming insomnia E. Sleep problems of long and short sleepers F. Classification of sleep problems

填空题Changes of Museums (46) They are no longer places for the privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days. (47) Some of the old, gray museums have been rebuilt, and the newer ones are open and modern in their architecture. Inside, there is modern lighting, color, and sound. Instead of displaying everything they own, museum directors show fewer objects and leave open spaces where visitors can gather and sit down. They also bring together in one display a group of objects drawn from various parts of the museum in an effort to represent the whole lifestyle of a region or a historical period. (48) More and more, museum directors are realizing that people learn best when they can somehow become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, for example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. He can have the experence of operating a spaceship or a computer. He can experiment with glass-blowing and paper-making. (49) The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science will not use it to best advantage. Many museums now provide educational services and children's departments. In addition to the usual displays, they also offer film showings and dance programs. (50) A. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of science.B. Museums have changed.C. In one room, for instance, you may find materials, clothing, tools, cooking pots, furniture, and art works of a particular place and time.D. Instead of being places that one "should" visit, they are places to enjoy.E. There are open spaces that museums leave for visitors.F. Many museums have changed in appearanc

填空题 Parkinson's Disease 1. Parkinson's disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson's, these nerve ceils break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to. 2. No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson's disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited. 3. Tremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. More importantly, not everyone with a tremor has Parkinson's disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson's affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson's may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills (dementia). 4. At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson's disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results. A．Tips for Patients with the Disease B．Common Treatment for the Disease C．Means of Diagnosis of the Disease D．Typical Symptoms of the Disease E．Possible Causes of the Disease F．Definition of Parkinson's Disease