填空题UV Light Causes Skin Cancer Don"t laugh if you hear about kids hiding in their basement this summer. They might have been frightened by a recent report from Europe that liquid sunscreens don"t protect people from the sun"s harmful rays. Researchers kept track of 631 children, some of whom used sunscreen and 1 . The researchers found that the kids who used sunscreen got more sun-caused moles than did the kids who didn"t use sunscreen. Kids with sun-caused moles are more likely to develop skin cancer later in life. Did sunscreen harm the children? Probably not, the researchers concluded. They believe that the children relied too much on their sunscreen and stayed in the sun too long. Sunscreen is still safe to use, say skin experts, as long as it is used sensibly. Solar Cares Using sunscreen sensibly is more important than ever. Why? Skin experts like Martin Weinstock believe that 2 . Earth"s ozone layer appears to be getting thinner. Ozone is a gas. In the upper atmosphere, ozone blocks much of the sun"s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Polluting chemicals are thought to be destroying the ozone in some places. Even though the world"s wealthy countries agreed to stop making polluting chemicals a few years ago, ozone is still disappearing. And that"s bad news, skin experts say, because UV light causes skin cancer, and skin cancer is the most common kind of cancer in the United States. More than a million new cases of skin cancer are showing up in the United States every year. Scientists are looking at kids to reverse that trend. Why? Because getting too much sun when you"re a kid seems to set the stage for getting skin cancer when 3 . According to Weinstock, three-quarters of all skin cancers might never develop if people under the age of 18 avoided overexposure to the sun. Glaring Facts What happens when skin meets sun? Light rays, which come in varying wavelengths, strike the skin. Visible light consists of wavelengths 4 . Ultraviolet light consists of waves too short to be seen. UV light comes in several varieties, among them UVB and UVA. UVB wavelengths are slightly shorter than UVA wavelengths. Scientists once thought that UVB light was harmful and that UVA light produced a healthful tan. But opinions have changed. Scientists still agree that UVB light causes sunburns. But now they suspect that both kinds of UV light damage the DNA of cells. Moreover, scientists believe that either UVA light or UVB light or both weaken the body"s disease-fighting immune system. The body becomes less capable of repairing damaged cells, and such cells may go on to divide uncontrollably. In other words, 5 Three Little Words To help people avoid getting harmed by the sun, the American Cancer Society has summed up its advice in three words. Slip, Slop and Slap. The words are short for "Slip on a shirt! Slop on the sunscreen! Slap on a hat!" A. they may become cancerous B. people can see C. you"re older D. UVA is different from UVB E. sunlight is growing more hazardous F. some of whom didn"t

填空题Ward off Travel Bugs 1 As the holiday season approaches, so does the prospect of jet lag, an upset stomach or sunburn. With care and some help from natural sources, however, it is quite possible to avoid these problems. 2 You can start to prepare a couple of weeks before you leave. Food poisoning will make any holiday miserable, but by taking some medicine such as lactobacillus and bifidobacteria, you can reduce the likelihood of succumbing to poisoning brought on by food or water tainted with unfamiliar bacteria. 3 By improving the bacteria balance in your digestive tract, you crowd out the pathogenic bacteria and stop them gaining a foothold. The beneficial bacteria also produce gentle but effective natural antibiotics in your gut. 4 In many holiday locations you need to remember the basics: drink bottled water, avoid undercooked meat and ensure that food hygiene is adequate. If you do succumb to food poisoning, drink plenty of water to stay hydrated and see a doctor. However, if you detect diarrhea early enough, you might like to try taking about 10 or 15 pancreatic digestive enzymes, which can digest the multiplying bacteria before they take over. 5 Taking a teaspoon of silicol gel can also help. This lines the stomach and upper intestinal area and binds with bacteria and viruses, allowing them to be safely passed out of the gut. When you pack, include grapefruit-seed extract, which is an excellent all-round anti-bacterial, anti-parasitic, anti-viral and anti-fungal agent. 6 Your flight can also be made more pleasant. Peppermint oil and ginger capsules ward off motion sickness, but a more delicious option is to nibble on crystallized ginger. If you tend to get earache on take-off and landing, you can use special earplugs with filler that slows down the rate of change in air pressure. 7 The greatest concern is "economy class syndrome", the popular name for deep-vein thrombosis, which can lead to blood clots traveling from the legs to the lungs, heart or brain. To reduce this, you need a couple of hours to stay hydrated, and avoid alcohol. 8 You can also reduce the severity of inflammation by taking a daily gram of vitamin C with the bioflavonoid quercetin. Vitamin C and quercetin also help to reduce prickly heat. 9 Finally, if any adverse symptoms persist while overseas, you should see a doctor.

填空题While my family vacationed in Chincoteague, I learned many things about the wild ponies. The Chincoteague ponies come in all shapes, sizes and colors. Because of their diet, these ponies have very round bellies. When the ponies are in the wild, on Assateague. they live a difficult life. Because their diet is so high in salt, they must drink twice as much water as typicalponies. Though they live on an island, they cannot drink the salty ocean water; therefore, they must find flesh water inland to drink. Although these wild ponies have difficult lives, they have survived many hundreds of years in the wild.A. I was so glad 1 was able to see them in person.B. She wrote about wild ponies that live on the Island of Chincoteague.C. The ponies are a significant part of the history of the islands of Chincoteague and Assateague.D. They forage for food in the salty marshlands eating marsh grasses, seaweed and evenpoison ivy.E. You too can begin learning about these beautiful, wild horses by reading Misty of Chincoteague.F. Because it was so dark, no one in my family realized we had parked next to a paddock that held a herd of horses.

填空题A Bit Good News for Fat People 1 Certainly there are millions who need to lose weight. But there are also millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some of us will do anything to reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable? 2 Scientists have long been looking into the effects of under-nutrition. These studies rats and mice have been the subjects, not humans indicate that carefully controlled food restriction with adequate vitamins and minerals slows the aging process. In experiment after experiment, thin animals consistently outlive their all-you-can eat cousins, sometimes doubling their average life span. They seem to age more slowly too. The level of cholesterol (胆固醇) in their blood stays lower longer. Their bodies stay responsive to certain hormones longer. Their immune systems stay healthier longer. Underfed rats and mice are also less likely to suffer from age-related diseases like cancer, kidney and heart diseases. 3 But we still know little about the effect of scientifically controlled tinder nutrition on people. Researchers have kept studying large number of people, linking their weight with their health over long periods of time. In direct contrast to the laboratory experiments, these population studies suggest that being underweight can actually be dangerous to your health. 4 In a major National Institutes of Health study that followed more than 5,000 men and women for 24 years, scientists discovered that the thinnest people ran the highest rate of dying. The thinnest group of men had the highest death rates from cancer and all other diseases except those of the cardiovascular (心血管的) system. It is also found that thinness does not mean wellness. Men 15 percent below average weight die more often from pneumonia (肺炎), influenza, heart disease and suicide than their weightier counterparts. Women 15 percent less than average weight are easy to get pneumonia, influenza and digestive system diseases. An American Cancer Society study found that those 20 percent underweight died more often from strokes and digestive disease than their average weight counterparts. In a California study of 7,000 men and women, the highest death rates were among those 10 percent underweight. 5 Conversely, these and ether studies are finding that being slightly or moderately over weight, even as much as 35 percent above standard weight, is good for your health.A. Good thins shout being a little overweightB. Fashion of being underweightC. Experiments on animals regarding under-nutaitionD. Some negative effects of being underweightE. Contrasts between experiments on animals and on peopleF. Health of women under nutrition

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 {{B}}The Paper Chase{{/B}} 1 "Running a house is a lot like running a business," says Stephanie Denton, a professional organizer based in Cincinnati, Ohio, who specializes in both residential and commercial paperwork and record keeping. To get a successful grip on organizing documents, bills, and other materials, Denton suggests the following tips: 2 Create a space in which you can always do your paperwork. This is perhaps the most important element of a successful system. If you can't devote an entire desk to the task, at least invest in a rolling file cart to store active paperwork and a two-drawer file cabinet for family records. Store the rolling file cart wherever it is most convenient and comfortable to do your work, whether that is the kitchen, office, or family room. 3 When in doubt, throw it out. The first step for implementing a workable filing system is to eliminate paper you don't use, don't need, or that you could easily access again elsewhere. Throw out duplicate statements, old catalogs, and all of the coupons, mailings, or offerings you'll never have an opportunity to use or even read. 4 Set aside two days a month to pay bills. If a monthly due date doesn't fit into your cycle, call up the creditor and suggest a more convenient date. Keep two manila folders at the front of your system for current bills — one to correspond with each bill-paying day — and file all incoming bills. Keep a list in the front of each folder of what needs to be paid in case the invoice never arrives or gets misplaced. 5 Think of your filing system not as a rigid tool, but as a living, breathing system that can accommodate your changing needs. A good filing system is both mentally and physically flexible. Everyone's needs are different, says Denton, but when devising a filing system, ask yourself: "Where would I look for this?" Create main headings for your filing system, such as Investments, Taxes, Children, and so forth, and file individual folders under the main headings. Never overstuff your files.

填空题How We Form First Impression 1. We all have first impression of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her—aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits. 2. The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in how a person"s eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as difference. In fact, your brain continuously process incoming sensory information—the sights and sounds of your world, these incoming "signals" are compared against a host of "memories" stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new signals "mean". 3. If you see someone you know and like at school, your brain says "familiar and safe". If you see someone new, it says, "new-potentially, threatening". Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other "known" memories. The height, weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures, and tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics, the more your brain may say, "His is new. I don"t like this person". Or else, "I"m intrigued". Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures—like your other friends; so your brain says: "I like this person". But these preliminary "impressions" can be dead wrong. 4. When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people—their history, interest, values, strengths, and true character—we categorize them as jocks, geeks, or freaks. 5. However, if we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of the person"s character, we use a different, more mature style of thinking—and the most complex areas of our cortex, which allow us to be humane.

填空题These countries aim to exploit two contradictory facts: information can now be stored anywhere, but energy is most efficiently consumed close to the source. ______ Internet Villages International has joined up with Atlantis Resources, an engineer of ocean turbines, to develop technology that could power local data centers with energy from Scotland 's rugged seas Another company, Lockerbie Data Centres, is planning a green home and business communitycentered on a clean -energy data facility that runs on wind farms and a biomass plant.A. Thus several Scottish IT developers are now planning nearly $ 3 billion in green datacenters that tap into Scotland's clean - electricity grid, 20 percent of which comes from renewables like wind.B. Google disputes this number, but there's little doubt the IT industry is becoming one of the biggest contributors to global warming.C. Iceland, struggling to recover from the financial crisis, may he even better poised to become a green data hub.D. In the U. S. , data centers now account for 1.5 percent of total electricity use, and that's expected to double by 2011.E. And a handful of cold northern nations are now looking to attract a piece of the $110 billion global industry.F. Giant Internet companies are usually secretive about the size of their data centers and the energy they use, but Google says nine of its largest centers use at least 45 megawatts total, eight times the size of Veme Global's metri

填空题A. about one percent of the total populationB. to be responsible for childhood leukaemiaC. an urgent and tough task to be accomplishedD. less than one third of a millionE. an expensive cost to be paidF. to afford the cost of bone marrow transplantation

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的位置上。 {{B}}The Paper Chase{{/B}} "Running a house is a lot like running a business." says Stephanie Denton, a professional organizer based in Cincinnati, Ohio, who specializes in both residential and commercial paperwork and record keeping. To get a successful grip on organizing documents, bills, and other materials, Denton suggests the following tips: Create a space in which you can always do your paperwork. This is perhaps the most important element of a successful system. If you can't devote an entire desk to the task, at least invest in a rolling file cart to store active paperwork and a two-drawer file cabinet for family records. Store the rolling file cart wherever it is most convenient and comfortable to do your work, whether that is the kitchen, office, or family room. When in doubt, throw it out. The first step to implementing a workable filing system is to eliminate paper you don't use, don't need, or that you could easily access again elsewhere. Throw out duplicate statements, old catalogs, and all of the coupons, mailings, or offerings you'll never have an opportunity to use or even read. Set aside two days a month to pay bills. If a monthly due date doesn't fit into your cycle, call up the creditor and suggest a more convenient date. Keep two manila folders at the front of your system for current bills--one to correspond with each bill-paying day--and file all incoming bills. Keep a list in the front of each folder of what needs to be paid in case the invoice never arrives or gets misplaced. Think of your filing system not as a rigid tool, but as a living, breathing system that can accommodate your changing needs. A good filing system is both mentally and physically flexible. Everyone's needs are different, says Denton, but when devising a filling system, ask yourself: "where would I look for this?" Create main headings for your filing system, such as Investments, Taxes, Children, and so forth, and file individual folders under the main headings. Never overstuff your files.

填空题Ford　 1　Ford's great strength was the manufacturing process-not invention. Long before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning men into machines. He started putting cars together in 1891. Although it was by no means the first popular automobile, the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market. 2　The company's assembly line alone threw America's Industrial Revolution into overdrive (高速运转). Instead of having workers put together the entire car ,Ford's friends, who were great toolmakers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line. By the time Ford's Highland Park plant was humming(嗡嗡作响)along in 1914. the world's first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes. 3　The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the$5.a. day minimum wage scheme. the greatest contribution he had ever made. The average wage in the auto industry then was $2.34 for a 9-hour shift. Ford not only doubled that, he also took an hour off the workday. In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didn't involve an awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal called the plan"an economic crime", and critics everywhere laughed at Ford. 4　But as the wage increased later to daily$10, it proved a Critical component of Ford's dream to make the automobile accessible(可及的)to all. The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didn't matter—except for making it possible for more people to buy Cars. A. Ford's Followers B. The Assesmbly Line C. Ford's Great Drem D. The Establishment of the Company E. Ford's Biggest Contribution F. Ford's Great Talent

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的位置上。 {{B}} Adult Education{{/B}} Voluntary learning in organized courses by mature men and women is called adult education. Such education is offered to make people able to enlarge and interpret their experience as adults. Adults may want to study something which they missed in earlier schooling, get new skills or job training, find out about new technological developments, seek better self-understanding, or develop new talents and skills. This kind of education may be in the form of self-study with proper guidance through the use of libraries, correspondence courses, or broadcasting. It may also be acquired collectively in schools and colleges, study groups, workshops, clubs and professional associations. Modern adult education for large numbers of people started in the 18th and 19th centuries with the rise of the Industrial Revolution. Great economic and social changes were taking place: people were moving from rural areas to cities; new types of work were being created in an expanding factory system. These and other factors produced a need for further education and re-education of adults. The earliest programs of organized adult education arose in Great Britain in the 1790s, with the founding of an adult school in Nottingham and a mechanics' institution in Glasgow. Benjamin Franklin and some friends found the earliest adult education institution in the US in Philadelphia in 1727. People recognize that continued learning is necessary for most forms of employment today. For example, parts of the adult population in many countries find it necessary to take part in retraining programs at work or even to learn completely new jobs. Adult education programs are springing up constantly to meet these and other needs.

填空题A. Kripke's research toolB. Dangers of habitual shortages of sleepC. Criticism on Kripke's reportD. A way of overcoming insomniaE. Sleep problems of long and short sleepersF. Classification of sleep problems

填空题Agitated Sunspot Cause If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots. A sunspot is actually charged particles flying at the speed of 3 million kilometers an hour out of the surface of the sun to form sun storms. Every 11 years, the sun, as its energy accumulates inside up to a certain point, will send out streams of charged particles. (46) . One is that the magnetic field of the earth is much disturbed because of the sun's interference in the ionosphere, which is 80 to 500 kilometers above the earth. Wireless short-wave communication, which depends on the wave's reflection against this layer of atmosphere, is likely to be jammed. (47) . Scientists also say that the active movement of the charged sun storm also has earthquakes. According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots. Little research has been carried out so far about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. (48) . So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays. Besides, the nervous system is also affected. (49) . It is hard to say when the sunspots are most violent during their active year, but generally one active period is believed to last possibly eight days, Not long ago there were two violent sun storms breaking out, which seriously affected mobile phone communication, etc. in many parts of the world. (50) .A. Ionosphere is important to wireless and mobile communication.B. But the communication situation in each case returned to normal in about 24 hours.C. Statistics show that traffic accidents are more frequent when sunspots are active.D. A pager published by a North Korea observatory, however, says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.E. It is said that mobile phone communication may be affected too.F. These charged particles affect the earth, which is directly energized by the sun, in a number of ways.

填空题Supermarket Supermarket is a type of retailing institution that has a moderately broad product assortment spanning groceries and some nonfood lines that ordinarily emphasizes price in either an offensive or defensive way. As a method, supermarket retailing features several related product lines, a high degree of self-service, largely centralized checkout, and competitive prices. The supermarket approach to retailing is used to sell various kinds of merchandise, 1 . The term supermarket usually refers to an institution in the grocery retailing field. Most supermarkets emphasize price. Some use price offensively by featuring low prices in order to attract customers. Other supermarkets use price more defensively by relying on leader pricing to avoid a price disadvantage. Since supermarkets typically have very thin gross margins, they need high levels of inventory turnover to achieve satisfactory returns on invested capital. Supermarkets originate in the early 1930s. They were established by independents 2 . Supermarkets were an immediate success, and the innovation was soon adopted by chain stores. In recent decades supermarkets have added various nonfood lines to provide customers with one-stop shopping convenience and to improve overall gross margins. Today stores using the supermarket method of retailing are dominant in grocery retailing. However, different names are used to distinguish these institutions 3 : A superstore is a larger version of the supermarket. It offers more grocery and nonfood items 4 . Many supermarket chains are emphasizing superstores in their new construction. Combination stores are usually even larger than superstore. They, 5 , offer more groceries and non foods than a supermarket but also most product lines found in a large drugstore. Some combination stores are joint ventures between supermarkets and drug chains such as Kroger and Save-on. A. by size and assortment B. than a conventional supermarket does C. including building materials, office products, and, of course, groceries D. attracting more customers with their low prices E. primarily in either of two ways F. to compete with grocery chains

填空题The Mir Space Station 1. The Russian Mir Space Station, which came down in 2001 at last after 15 years of pioneering the concept of long-term human space flight, is remembered for its accomplishments in the human space flight history. It can be credited with many firsts in space. 2. During Mir"s lifetime, Russia spent about US $4.2 billion to build and maintain the station. 3. The Soviet Union launched Mir, which was designed to last from three to five years, on February 20, 1986, and housed 104 astronauts over 12 years and seven months, most of whom were not Russian. In fact, it became the first international space station by playing host to 62 people from 11 countries. From 1955 through 1998, seven astronauts from the United States took turns living on Mir for up to six months each. They were among the 37 Americans who visited the station during nine stopovers by space shuttles. 4. The more than 400 million the United States provided Russian for the visits not only kept Mir operating, but also gave the Americans and their partners in the international station project valuable experience in long-term flight and multinational operations. 5. A debate continues over Mir"s contributions to science. During its existence, Mir was the laboratory for 23, 000 experiments and carried scientific equipment, estimated to be worth $80 million, from many nations. Experiments on Mir are credited with a range of findings, from the first solid measurement of the ration of heavy helium atoms in space to how to grow wheat in space. But for those favouring human space exploration, Mir showed that people could live and work in space long enough for a trip to Mars. The longest single stay in space is the 437.7 days that Russian astronaut Valery Polyakov spent on Mir from 1994 to 1995. And Sergie Avdeyev accumulated 747.6 days in space in three trips to the space station. The longest American stay was that of Shannon Lucid, who spent 188 days aboard Mir in 1996. 6. Despite the many firsts Mir accomplished, 1997 was a bad year out of 15 for Mir. In 1997, an oxygen generator caught fire. Later, the main computer system broke down, causing the station to drift several times and there were power failures. 7. Most of these problems were repaired, with American help and suppliers, but Mir"s reputation as a space station was ruined. 8. Mir"s setbacks are nothing, though, when we compare them with its accomplishments. Mir was a tremendous success, which will be remembered as a milestone in space exploration and the space station that showed long-term human habitation in space was possible. But it"s time to move on to the next generation. The International Space Station being built will be better, but it owes a great debt to Mir.

填空题A. Harm Screening May Do to a Younger Woman B. Investigating the Effect of Screening C. Effects Predicted by Two Different Models D. Small Risk of Inducing Cancers from Radiation E. Treatment of Cancers F. Factors That Trigger Cancers

填空题Goal of American Education Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone - not just for a privileged elite. Schools are expected to meet the needs of every child, regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself. (46) It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing, sewing, radio repair, computer programming or driver training, along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics, history, and languages. (47) The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities, and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness. (48) Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns. The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal, but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts. (49) Students spend much time, learning how to use resource materials, libraries, Statistics and computers. Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives. (50) This is America' s answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast - moving time: "How can one prepare today' s child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand?"A. Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts.B. Students choose their curricula (课程) depending on their interests, future goals, and level of ability.C. Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities.D. This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects.E. Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and "Americanizing" the millions of immigrants' who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins.F. Education is an enormous and expensive part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety.

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 Scientists working on a problem do not know and sometimes can't even guess what the final result will be. Late on Friday, 8 November, 1895, Professor Rontgen, a German physicist, was doing an experiment in his laboratory when he noticed something extraordinary. He had covered an electric bulb with black cardboard, and when he switched on the current he saw little dancing lights on his table.{{U}} (46) {{/U}}; how then could any ray penetrate? On the table there were some pieces of paper which had been covered with metal salts.{{U}} (47) {{/U}}. Professor Rontgen took a piece of this paper and held it at a distance from the lamp. Between it and the lamp he placed a variety of objects, a books, a pack of cards, a piece of wood and a door key. The ray penetrated every one of them except the key. He called his wife into the laboratory and asked her to hold her hand between the lamp and a photographic plate.{{U}} (48) {{/U}}, but she held up her hand for a quarter of an hour, and when the plate was developed there was a picture of the bones of her hand and of the ring on one finger. The mysterious ray could pass through the flesh and not through the bone or the ring. At a scientific meeting, Professor Rontegen called this new ray "the unknown", the X-ray.{{U}} (49) {{/U}}, and soon there were X-ray machines in all the big hospitals. The most obvious use for this discovery was to enable doctors to see exactly how a bone was fractured. Other uses came later. It was found that these rays could be used to destroy cancer cells, just as they destroyed the healthy cells of the doctors who first used the machines.{{U}} (50) {{/U}}, and the lungs could be X-rayed to show if there was any tuberculosis present. A. It was on this paper that the lights were shining B. She was very surprised by this request C. Now the bulb was completely covered D. It was a great invention E. Methods were found later by which ulcers in the stomach could be located F. Doctors quickly saw how this could be used

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 1 Americans this year will swallow 15,000 tons of aspirin, one of the safest and most effective drugs invented by man. The most popular medicine in the world today, it is an effective pain reliever. Its bad effects are relatively mild, and it is cheap.2 For millions of people suffering from arthritis(关节炎), it is the only thing that works. Aspirin, in short, is truly the 20th-century wonder drug. It is also the second largest suicide drug and is the leading cause of poisoning among children. It has side effects that, although relatively mild, are largely unrecognized among users.3 Although aspirin was first sold by a German company in 1989,it has been around much longer than that. Hippocrates, in ancient Greece, understood the medical value of the leaves and tree bark which today are known to contain salicylates(水杨酸盐) ,the chemical in aspirin. During the 19th century, there was a great deal of experimentation in Europe with this chemical, and it led to the introduction of aspirin. By 1915, aspirin tablets were available in the United States.4 A small quantity of aspirin (two five-grain tablets)relieves pain and inflammantion(炎症). It also reduces fever by interfering with some of the body's reactions. Specifically, aspirin seems to slow down the formation of the acids involved in pain and the complex chemical reactions that cause fever. The chemistry of these acids is not fully understood, but the slowing effect of aspirin is well known.5 Aspirin is very irritating to the stomach lining and many aspirin takers complain about upset stomach. There is a right way and a wrong way to take aspirin. The best way is to chew the tablets before swallowing them with water, but few people can stand the bitter taste. Some people suggest crushing the tablets in milk or orange juice and drinking that.

填空题Some Unusual Celebrations Some holidays are well-known all around the world. Among them are New Year"s Eve celebrations. Also common are days in honor of love and friendship, like Valentine"s Day. Each country has its own special holidays, too, often to mark important events in its history. Schools, banks, and government offices all close on days like these. 1 A few of them are really very strange. Of course, they are not strange to the people who celebrate them. Perhaps that is because the celebrations have long traditions. Consider April Fool"s Day, for example, no one knows when or why it began. Today it is celebrated in many countries—France, England, and Australia, among others. On this day, people play practical jokes. 2 The ones who laugh are the ones playing the jokes. People they fool often get angry. Does celebrating this day make sense to you? Dyngus Day in Poland seems strange, too. On this day, it is traditional for boys to pour water over the heads of girls. Here is the strangest part: They do it to girls they like. Other unusual celebrations take place in a single city or town. A holiday called La Tomatina is celebrated in Bunol, Spain. Every year, in late August, big trucks carry more than 200,000 pounds of tomatoes into this little town. 3 For two hours, people in the streets throw tomatoes at each other. Everyone ends up red from head to toe. August 10 marks the start of the Puck Fair, an Irish festival with a very unusual tradition. People from the town of Killorglin go up into the mountains and catch a wild goat. 4 There are also some celebrations that are really strange. In the United States, sometimes one person gets an idea or a new holiday and tries to get others to accept it. Whose idea was Public Sleeping Day? That one is on February 28. It may seem strange, but it sounds like more fun than the one on February 9. 5 Do you like the idea of inventing a new holiday.9 If you do, then you will want to March 26 on your calendar. That is Make Up Your Own Holiday Day. A. Some people have fun imagining new holidays. B. That is supposed to be Toothache Day. C. Then begins the world"s biggest food fight. D. They bring him back to town, put a crown on his head, and make him a king fourteen days. E. Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh. F. Some of the days people celebrate, however, are less serious.