填空题About Eating Disorder The causes of eating disorders are not clear. There may be genetic or biochemical factors in some cases. There may be psychological problems from early childhood or the present (such as school or family conflicts) that trigger the problem. Often, there is the double pressure to enjoy life through food and yet remain ultra-slim. Society all around us encourages eating and drinking as main ways to enjoy life. To be popular, you are supposed to eat, eat, eat. But in real life most people, if they keep consuming like that, just keep pulling on more and more weight. They then find themselves in conflict with another dominant pressure in society—to stay slim and trim. Models in ads, even those shown eating fairy foods, are usually physically lit and quite thin. All of these pressures put teens in a terrible situation. The "solution" that some teens choose is to deny themselves all the time so as to keep temptation away. But soon, hunger and food boredom lead to overeating. Over time they develop anorexia (厌食症) or bulimia (暴食症). Once an eating disorder has become firmly established, there is no easy cure. Someone who"s never suffered anorexia and never known an anorexic might be tempted to think, "It"s simple—just tell them to eat more!" Unfortunately, it"s not that simple. Even when anorexics have been brought into the hospital and are receiving physical care, nutritional therapy, and psychiatric care, many don"t improve much. Our society"s obsession with thinness, together with a constant emphasis on the theme that rich food means pleasure, puts many teens in a difficult situation. Being drawn to overeating on the one hand and self-denial on the other can bring about anorexia or bulimia—or both. Anorexics seem to feel that no matter how much weight they lose, they are still too fat. Don"t compare yourself with the models and actors in the media. Set your sights more realistically by comparing yourself with family and friends, if anyone. Therefore, it is important for each person in our society to try to maintain a healthy and realistic self-image. Self-denial is the typical first step toward an eating disorder. Eventually, desires for what you"ve denied yourself become unbearable, and you react with either a binge or overly fierce self-control. The answer is not, of course, to eat all the snacks and treats you fancy. But to avoid that first step that leads to overeating, strive for a good and healthy diet. Such a diet is based primarily on grain products, fruits, and vegetables, with moderate amounts of meat and dairy products and with small amounts of snacks and desserts. Research demonstrates that this kind of diet leaves you more alert and energetic.

填空题Screen Test 1. Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer. If this happens early enough, the disease can often be treated successfully. According to a survey Australia, Canada, the U.S. and Spain, screen women under 50. 2. But the medical benefits of screening these younger women are controversial, partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer. Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser. 3. Researchers at the Polytechnic University of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160,000 women at 11 local clinics. After estimating the women"s cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause. 4. The mathematical model recommended by Britain"s National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal. The model preferred by the U. N. Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led to a lower figure of 20 cancers. 5. The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is "not very significant" compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated. The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened. 6. But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40% and 80% if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation. The results of their study, they suggest, could help "optimize the technique" for breast cancer screening. 7. "There is a trade-off between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks," admits Michael Clark of the NRPB. But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution. "On the basis of the current data, for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life. That"s why radiation exposure should be minimized in any screening programme. "

填空题 The Magic Io Personal Digital Pen Check out the io Personal Digital Pen launched by Logitech: It's a magic pen that can store everything you write and transfer it to your computer. And you don't have to lug a hand held device along with you for it to work. Logitech's technology works like this: The pen writes normally, using normal ballpoint pen ink. But while you are writing, a tiny camera inside the pen is also taking 100 snapshots per second of what you are doing, mapping your writing via a patchwork of minute dots printed on the paper. All this information the movement of your pen on the paper, basically—is then stored digitally inside the pen, whether you are writing notes or drawing complex diagrams. You can store up to 40 pages worth of doodles in the pen's memory. As far as you are concerned, you are just using a normal pen. It is only when you drop the pen into its PC-connected cradle that the fun begins. Special software on your PC will figure out what you have done, and begin to download any documents you have written since the last time it was there. Depending on whether you have ticked certain boxes on the special notepad, it can also tell whether the document is destined to be an e-mail, a "to do" task, or a diagram to be inserted into a word-processing document. Once the documents are downloaded you can view them, print them out or convert them to other formats. The io Personal Digital Pen is a neat and simple solution to the problem of storing, sharing and retrieving handwritten notes, as well as for handling diagrams, pictures and other non-text doodling. You don't have to carry a laptop along with you. All you have to do is just to whip out the pen and the special paper and you are off. It is a great product because it does not force you to work differently—walking around with a screen strapped to your arm, or carrying with you extra bits and pieces. The pen is light and works like a normal pen if you need it to, while the special notepads look and feel like notepads. The only strange looks will be from people who are curious why you are writing with a cigar. The io Personal Digital Pen also has potential elsewhere. FedEx, for example, is introducing a version of the pen so that customers can fill out forms by hand—instead of punching letters into cumbersome devices. Once that data is digital more or less anything can be done with it—transferring it wirelessly to a central computer, for example, or via a hand-phone. Doctors could transmit their prescriptions directly to pharmacies, reducing fraud; policemen could send their reports back to the station, reducing paperwork. A．A Friendly and Convenient Device B．Ways to Download the Stored Information C．Examples of Other Potential Applications of the Io Pen D．Customers' Passion for the Io Pen E．FedEx—the First User of the Io Pen F．Working Principle of the Io Personal Digital Pen

填空题A. Growth of Economy B. "Servant" Economy C. Strength of the Creative Economy D. Weakness of the Creative Economy E. Gift of talking F. Export of Talking Machines

填空题Exercising Your Memory Aging does not mean a dramatic decline in memory power, unless you help it happen by letting your mind go. That"s not to say that memory doesn"t change throughout life. Researchers divide memory into categories based on the length of time when memories are stored. One system divides it up as short-term (less than one minute; remembering a telephone number while you dial, for instance), long-term (over a period of years) and very long-term memory (over a lifetime). Short-term memory isn"t mastered until about age 7, but after that you never lose it. Long-term memory, however, involves more effort and skill and changes through life. It"s not until the early teens that most people develop a mature long-term memory. First, we must get information into our heads through learning. Learning strategies can get rusty (生锈的、迟钝的) without constant use. High school and college students, who are forced to repeatedly exercise their long-term memory abilities (at least long-term enough to get them through a final exam), usually do well on memory tests. The longer you stay in school, the more chance you get to polish your learning skills. It"s no wonder that more highly educated people have more effective memory skills throughout life. Although older people in general learn somewhat more slowly than they did when younger, a dramatic difference exists between those who stay intellectually active—reading, discussing, taking classes, thinking—and those who do not. Giving the brain a daily workout is just as important as exercising your muscles. Brainwork keeps your learning strategies in shape, and this helps your memory to function at full capacity. The next part of a healthy long-term memory is retention (保持力，记忆力), the ability to store what you have learned. Memory researchers still do not know whether memories are lost—whether they still exist in the brain but our mental searching cannot turn them up, or have disappeared entirely as our brain ages. The third necessity for memory is recall, the ability to mind the memories we have stored. Again, while aging has widely different effects on the recall abilities of different people, research indicates that the older we get, the longer it takes to recall facts. But slower recall is still recall. In fact, aging does not seem to have any effect on forgetting at all, which takes place at the same rate in younger and older people.

填空题A. disease preventionB. health educationC. healthy behaviorD. unhealthy behaviorE. other health servicesF. many vaccines

填空题下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1) 第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中第2、4、5、6每段选择1个最佳标题；(2) 第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 Hypnosis(催眠) 1 Increasing numbers of American doctors are using a technique known as hypnosis. They say hypnosis often can help persons suffering pain and stress. It also can help speed the healing of bums, and treats some forms of asthma and some skin diseases. Hypnosis is not new. It has been used for many years both in scientific research and to please crowds at public gatherings, 2 Hypnosis is commonly described as a condition similar to sleep. But, experts say it is more a form of deep thought. The thought becomes so intense that it is longer just a thought. To the per son, it becomes reality. 3 Hypnotized patients are reported to have increased self-control and a reduced sense of pain. Some doctors use hypnosis to limit pain during a medical operation. Hypnosis is used mainly when the patient may have problems with usual anesthetic or pain-killing drugs. 4 Experts say there is little chance that a patient will awaken during such an operation. But, if this happens, the operation is temporarily halted, and the patient hypnotized again. Doctors may advise hypnosis for women who are giving birth. Dentists may use it in place of traditional pain-killing drugs, such as novocaine (麻醉药). 5 Hypnosis also has been used to treat burn victims. Researchers have found that bum victims who are hypnotized improve faster that those who are not. But, they are not sure why this happens. 6 Hypnosis can reduce or end a patient's pain. But experts say this does not mean the patient is cured. The problem that caused the pain still must be treated. 7 Experts also say persons cannot be forced to do something they would normally oppose. That is why hypnosis often is not effective in treating cigarette smokers and persons who eat or drink too much. The success of the technique depends on how much someone wants it to succeed. A. Hypnosis Can Reduce or End a Patient's Pain B. Why Hypnosis Is Not Effective in Treating Cigarette Smokers and Some Other Illness C. Hypnosis Can Treat Bum Victims D. The Definition of Hypnosis E. The Function of Hypnosis F. The Importance of Hypnosis

填空题下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。{{B}}What'sLackingin"Sicko"?{{/B}}Whenitcomestoeconomicdecisions,therearealwaystrade-offs(取舍).Gainonethingandyoulosesomethingelse.{{U}}(46){{/U}}ThecentralargumentofMichaelMoore'smovie"Sicko"-thatthecuretothenation'shealthcareproblemsisasingle-payersystem-ishardlynovelandiscertainlyworthconsideration,whetherornotyouagreewithit.ButincomparingtheAmericansystemwithsingle-payerplansofothercountries-Britain,France,CanadaandCuba-Mr.Mooreleftoutthetrade-offs,characterizingthosecountriesashealthcareparadises.{{U}}(47){{/U}}KurtLoder,thefilmcriticwhoisbestknownastheanchor(主持人)of"MTVNews,"wroteacritique(批评)ofthefilmforMTV'swebsite."'Sicko,'"hesaid,"doesarealservice"inportraying(描绘)victimsofAmericaninsurancecompanies-likethepeoplewhodiedbecausetheironlytreatmentoptionswereconsidered"experimental"andthereforenotcovered{{U}}(48){{/U}}When"governmentsattempttoregulatethebalancebetweenalimitedsupplyofhealthcareandanunlimiteddemandforit,they'reinevitablyforcedtorationtreatment,"Mr.Loderasserted{{U}}(49){{/U}}Mr.Lodercitedtheshortfilm"DeadMeat,"whichpresents,anecdotes(轶事)offailureintheCanadiansingle-payersystem.Initsone-sidedness,"DeadMeat"mighthavemadeforanicedoublefeaturewith,"Sicko,"andleftmoviegoerswithamorecompleteunderstandingofthecomplicationsofdecidingonahealthcaresystem.{{U}}(50){{/U}}Thisallmakesanotherwise"emotionallycompellingfilmnotnecessarilyanintellectuallysatisfyingone,"wroteDarrenBarefoot,aCanadianblogger(博客作者).A.Mr.Moorealsodecidedtoignoreproblemsinothercountries,likeFrance'shightaxesandBritain'scash-shorthospitals.B.Butthefilmasawhole,heconcluded,is"breathtakinglymeretricious(似是而非的),"inlargepartbecauseofitscharacterizationsofothercountries'healthcaresystems.C.Theproblemshavebeennoticed-andcriticismiscomingnotjustfromMr.Moore'sdetractors(底毁者).D.Hetickedoffanumberofnegativestatisticstocounterthepositive,onesofferedbyMr.Moore.E.Healthcareistheprevention,treatment,andmanagementofillness.F.Thisisparticularlytrueinhealthcare,amarketinwhichscarce(稀罕的)goodsareridiculouslyexpensive,butneededbyeverybody.

填空题The Open University in Britain 1 In 1963 the leader of the Labour Party made a speech explaining plans for a " university of the air"-an educational system which would make use of television, radio and correspondence courses. Many people laughed at the idea, but it became part of the Labour Party's program to give educational opportunity to those people who, for one reason or another, had not had a chance to receive further education. 2 By 1969 plans were well advanced and by August 1970 the Open University, as it is now called, had received 400,000 applications. Only 25,000 could be accepted for the four "foundation" courses offered: social sciences, arts, science and mathematics. Unsuccessful candidates were told to apply again the following year, when a foundation course in technology would also be offered. 3 The first teaching programs appeared on the air and screen in January 1971 , with clerks, farm workers, housewives, teachers, policemen and many others as students. Correspondence units had been carefully prepared and science students were given devices for a small home laboratory. Study centers have been set up all over the country so that students can attend once a week, and once a year they will spend a week at one of the university' s summer schools. 4 It has been nearly 30 years since the Open University started to offer courses. Now it is a very important part of the British educational system. Not only does it offer foundation courses like those mentioned above, it also carries out very advanced scientific researches, some of which lead to Master's or PH. D degrees. Many other countries have started similar educational programs following the successful example of the Open University in Britain.A. Progress since its foundingB. Special facilities of the universityC. Enrollment in the early daysD. Teaching staff of the universityE. Drawbacks of Open UniversityF. Start of Open University

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 Hepatitis is a disease characterized by inflammation of and injury to the liver. The disease has many causes, including misuse of alcohol and drugs, but viruses are the most common cause. Researchers estimate that more than 300,000 cases of viral hepatitis occur each year in the United States. 2. Symptoms of viral hepatitis appear from two weeks to six months after exposure to the virus. The first symptoms are usually fatigue, poor appetite, and nausea. Pain in the abdomen above the liver and a slight fever are also common. After a few days, the person's urine becomes dark and jaundice appears. The jaundice and dark urine indicate the liver is not working properly. 3. Symptoms of viral hepatitis generally last two to six weeks. Severe cases can lead to liver failure and death. But most patients-even those with severe hepatitis-eventually recover completely. In some patients, the disease becomes persistent and is called chronic hepatitis. People with chronic hepatitis may experience mild, vague symptoms of fatigue and poor appetite. 4. There are five types of viral hepatitis. Hepatitis A is a highly contagious disease, but it is rarely fatal. It is also called infectious hepatitis. Hepatitis A is extremely common in developing nations. Outbreaks often occur due to unsanitary conditions, such as contamination of food or the water supply. 5. Hepatitis B is the best-known form of viral hepatitis. It can be severe and often develops into chronic hepatitis. Hepatitis B is spread by close personal or sexual contact with an infected person, or by exposure to infected blood.6. Hepatitis C is usually spread by exposure to infected blood. It is the most common cause of transfusion-related hepatitis. It is also a common cause of chronic hepatitis. Hepatitis D is the most serious and also the rarest form of viral hepatitis. It only infects people who also have hepatitis B. Many cases of hepatitis D are fatal, and most commonly occur among intravenous drug users, who can be infected by sharing hypodermic needles. Hepatitis E often occurs in epidemics that can be linked to poor hygiene and contaminated water. It is particularly likely to lead to serious illness in pregnant women. The disease has been reported almost exclusively in developing countries.

填空题A. diseases of the cardiovascularB. have a body shape that all people Will admireC. longer life-timeD. digestive system diseaseE. a shorter life spanF. pneumonia and influenza

填空题2. Birds vs. Environmentalists? In Wyoming. it' s the sage grouse (松鸡). In Colorado, it' s the lesser prairie chicken. In the Northwest, it' s the Washington ground squirrel. Across the country, a growing number of species are finding themselves at the center of a new battle being waged by environmentalists and developers. The issue- species being threatened by encroaching (侵占) human development -is nothing new, of course. (46) Wind energy has been touted as cost, effective to produce clean energy as well as jobs. (47) But not every environmentalist is happy about that development. Critics charge that wind energy development can cause habitat fragmentation - a displacement of a species that can eventually reduce its numbers - as well as the deaths of birds and bats that collide with the wind turbines' (涡轮) massive rotor blades (动叶片). (48) That's a low estimate, says Michael Fry of the American Bird Conservancy (美国鸟类保护协会). According to his group, turbines kill three to 11 birds per megawatt (兆瓦特) of wind energy they produce. Right now, there are about 20,000 megawatts produced in the United States, which can mean - at worst - up to 220,000 bird fatalities a year. (49) Whatever the number, the wind industry is hoping to avoid damaging its green reputation and is struggling with finding the right solution. Portiand has been experimenting with curtailment at its 34.5 -megawatt Casselman, Pa. , wind farm with some success, reducing bat mortality by 70 percent in a 2008 study. The company, which created the industry' s first Avian and Bat Protection Plan in 2008, has also pioneered a radar technology that detects approaching migratory birds and shuts down the turbines accordingly. (50) "The best option is to avoid putting it in those locations in the first place," says Doug Inkley, a senior scientist at the National Wildlife Federation. Members of the wind industry think that the issue may be, well, overblown. It' s not wind energy versus nothing; it' s wind energy versus some other form of energy which will also invariably have an impact - potentially more of an impact than a wind project.A. Now, the natural habitat that nurtured wildlife, 300 species of birds, thousands of species of fish, flora, and other ecological systems is rapidly disappearing.B. What is new? The encroachers aren't the usual suspects but the environmentally friendly wind - energy industry.C. But environmentalists argue that these measures aren' t enough, especially in areas like the Texas coast.D. That promise, along with new government subsidies, has helped wind turbines pop up on hills and fields throughout America.E. A 2007 study by the National Academy of Sciences puts the number of birds killed each year at about 20,000 to 30,000.F. With wind energy expected to produce 20 percent of this country' s energy by 2030, output would grow tenfold and, environmentalists worry, deaths could increase at a similar rat

填空题Reinventing the Table An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table to make chemistry simpler to teach to students. (1) But Bruce Railsback from the University of Georgia says he is the first to create a table that breaks with tradition and shows the ions of each element rather than just the elements themselves. "I got tired of breaking my arms trying to explain the periodic table to earth students, " he says, criss-crossing his hands in the air and pointing to different bits of a traditional table. (2) But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which. "Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what's going on with the elements, " says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge, (3) (4) He explains that sulphur, for example, shows up in three different spots — one for sulphide, which is found in minerals, one for sulphite, and one for sulphate, which is found in sea salt, for instance. He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients, and which are common in soil or water. (5) A. There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drew it up in I871. B. Railsback has still ordered the elements according to the number of protons they have. C. "I imagine this would be good for undergraduates. " D. Railsback has listed some elements more than once. E. And the size of element's symbol reflects how much of it is found in the Earth's crust. F. The traditional periodic table was well drawn.

填空题What Makes Me the Weight I Am? There"s no easy answer to this question. Your genetic makeup, the physical traits that get passed down to you from your parents, plays a big part in determining your size and weight. 1 But if your parents are smaller than average, you may want to rethink that professional basketball career! The same goes for your body type. Have you ever heard someone say a person is "big boned"? It"s a way of saying the person has a large frame, or skeleton. Big bones usually weigh more than small bones. 2 Like your height or body type, your genes have a lot to say about what your weight will be. But that"s only part of the story. Being overweight can run in someone"s family, but it may not be because of their genes. 3 And even though some kids gain weight more easily than others, when they eat right and exercise, most kids can be a healthy and happy weight that"s right for them. It"s true the way you live can change the way you look. How much you weigh is a balance between the calories you eat and the calories you use. 4 If you spend your free time watching TV, your body won"t use as many calories as it would if you played basketball, skated, or went for a walk. If you are in balance, your weight will stay fight for you as you grow. But if you eat more and exercise less, you may become overweight. 5 A. That"s why it"s possible for two kids with the same height, but different weights, to both be the right weight. B. If you eat more calories than your body needs to use, you will gain too much weight. C. Poor eating and exercise habits also run in families and this may be the reason the members of a family are overweight. D. However, many overweight people have difficulty reaching their healthy body weight. E. On the other hand, if you eat less and exercise more, you may lose weight. F. If both your parents are tall, there is a good chance you"ll be tall.

填空题A. that may cause our blood vessels to become more and more narrowB. for pregnant women to take during their last six monks of pregnanciesC. that their likelihood to suffer major problems is two times higher than other babiesD. their doctors about how to treat their problemsE. because diabetes during pregnancy may sometimes lead to birth defectsF. though their mothers took ACE inhibitors during their first three months of pregnancies

填空题 U.S., European Drug Officials Approve Inhaled Insulin A form of insulin for people with diabetes to take by mouth is expected to be sold within a few months. The new medicine is called Exubera. The United States Food and Drug Administration: and the European Commission both recently approved it for adults. It could make life easier for many diabetics who require daily injections of insulin to control their blood sugar levels. But it will not replace all insulin injections. And it is not for everyone. People who smoke or have stopped smoking for less than six months should not take Exubera. (46) Three drug companies -- Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis and Nektar Therapeutics -- developed the inhaled insulin. (47) Experts say about fifteen percent of diabetics who need insulin do not take it. The treatment can involve several injections each day. Insulin is a hormone that the body uses to change food into energy. Failure to control blood sugar levels can lead to serious problems, including blindness and loss of blood flow to the feet. It can also lead to heart disease, stroke and kidney failure4. Insulin has been sold as a drug since the nineteen twenties. This is the first new way to take it. Exubera uses a powder breathed into the lungs through a mouthpiece. Pfizer will study the long-term effects. It says some patients have reported a mild cough while using the inhaled insulin. (48) . Many people do not know they have diabetes. There are two forms. Most diabetics have the Type Two form. Their body does not make enough insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. (49) Most Type Two diabetics do not take insulin. Their medicines can be taken by mouth. Diet, exercise and weight control are also important. Type One diabetes often begins in childhood. (50) . Officials say diabetics with either type could use inhaled insulin, either before or after a meal. But Type One diabetics and some with Type Two would still need a longer-lasting injection at least once a day.A. With this type the body is unable to produce insulin.B. Pfizer recently bought the rights to sell it worldwide.C. The control of their blood sugar levels is most important for patients with diabetes.D. It is common in people who are overweight and not active.E. Some patients with lung disease should not take it either.F. People are advised to have their lungs examined before using Exubera, and at least once a year after that.

填空题Einstein Named "Person of Century" Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel the secrets of the atom and of the universe, was chosen as "Person of the Century" by Time magazine on Sunday. A man whose very name is synonymous with scientific genius, Einstein has come to represent 1 the flowering of 20th century scientific thought that set the stage for the age of technology. "The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic, but technological—technologies 2 ," wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einstein"s significance. "Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein." Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism, and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics. "What we saw Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedom"s fight against totalitarianism, Gandhi personifying the great theme of individuals struggling for their rights, and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances 3 ," said Time magazine editor Walter Isaacson. Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879. In his early years, Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become. He was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in elementary school. He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams. In 1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history. In his "Special Theory of Relativity," Einstein described bow the only constant in the universe is the speed of light. Everything else—mass, weight, space, even time itself—is a variable. And he offered the world his now-famous equation: energy equals mass times the speed of light squared—E=mc 2 . "Indirectly, relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality, art and politics," Isaacson wrote in an essay 4 . There was less faith in absolutes, not only of time and space but also of truth and morality. Einstein"s famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein, an avowed pacifist, signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did. Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the "Manhattan Project" 5 . Einstein did not work on the project. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey, in 1955. A. explaining Time"s choices B. how he thought of the relativity theory C. more than any other person D. that secretly developed the first atomic weapon E. that flowed directly from advances in basic science F. that helped expand the growth of freedom

填空题下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 Ludwig Van Beethoven Ludwig Van Beethoven, a major composer of the nineteenth century, overcame many personal problems to achieve artistic greatness. Born in Bonn, Germany, in 1770, he first studied music with the court organist, Gilles van der Eeden. His father was excessively strict and given to heavy drinking. {{U}}(46) {{/U}} Appointed deputy court organist to Christian Gottlob Neefe at a surprisingly early age in 1782, Beethoven also played the harpsichord and the viola. In 1792 he was sent to Vienna by his patron, Count Ferdinand Waldstein, to study music under Haydn. Beethoven remained unmarried. {{U}}(47) {{/U}} Continually plagued by ill health, he developed an ear infection which led to his tragic deafness in 1819. {{U}} (48) {{/U}} He completed mature masterpieces of great musical depth: three piano sonatas, four string quartets, the Missa Solemnis, and the 9th Symphony. He died in 1827. {{U}}(49) {{/U}} Noting that Beethoven often flew into fits of rage, Goethe once said of him, "I am astonished by his talent, but he is unfortunately an altogether untamed personality. " {{U}}(50) {{/U}} A. In spite of this handicap, however, he continued to write music B. Because of irregular payments from his publishers and erratic support from his patrons, he was troubled by financial worries throughout his adult life C. His life was marked by a passionate dedication to independence D. When his mother died, Beethoven, then a young man, was named guardian of his two younger brothers E. Although Beethoven's personality may have been untamed, his music shows great discipline and control, and this is how we remember him best F. Today his music is still being played all over the world

填空题A. must be very boringB. some kind of recreationC. participating in themD. to relax oneselfE. to choose one' s own way of relaxingF. maintain good health

填空题Mobile Phones Mobile phones should carry a label if they proved to he a dangerous source of radiation, according to Robert Bell, a scientist. And no more mobile phone transmitter towers should he build until the long-term health effects of the electromagnetic (电磁的) radiation they emit is scientifically evaluated, he said. "Nobody's going to drop dead overnight but we should be asking for more scientific information, " Robert Bell said at a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation. (46) A report widely circulated (传播) among the public says that up to now scientists do not really know enough to guarantee there are no ii1 effects on humans from electromagnetic radiation. According to Robert Bell, there are 3.3 million mobile phones in Australia alone and they are increasing by 2,000 a day. (47) As well, there are 2, 000 transmitter towers around Australia, many in high density (密度) residential areas. (48) The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby. Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed the government should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500-metre radius of school grounds, child care centres, hospitals, sports playing fields (隔离屏) and residential areas with a high percentage of children. (49) He adds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected to electromagnetic waves the growth rate of the disease accelerates (加速，加快). (50) According to Robert Bell, it is reasonable for the major telephone companies to fund it. Besides, he also urges the government to set up a wide ranging inquiry into possible health effects.A. He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults.B. By the year 2000 it is estimated that Australia will have 8 million mobile phones: nearly one for every two peopleC. "If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised," he said.D. Then who finances the research?E. For example, Telstra, Optus and Vodaphone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them and disregard (不顾) the need of the community.F. The conclusion is that mobile phones brings more harm than benefit.