单选题Pigeons are thought universally as a ______ of peace. A. sign B. symbol C. symptom D. signal

单选题Speaker A: Professor Lee, can I come to see you about my presentation this evening?Speaker B: ______

单选题The fight could have been avoided if both of you had. been able to ______ your anger. A. hold back B. hold on C. hold out D. hold up

单选题Americans have a great love for informality and nowhere is this better expressed than in their love for nicknames (昵称，绰号). Upon greeting strangers for the first time they will quickly introduce themselves by their nickname. These are shortened forms of their given name at birth and reflect the casual relationships which exist among friends and coworkers. Family names are hardly ever used in daily situations and the use of one's father's last name is saved only for rare and formal occasions. In many traditional cultures the use of the family name is seen as a sign of respect. For Americans, however, it's the nickname which creates an immediate intimacy between two people upon which to build a relationship. By speaking to another on a first name basis and using his nickname, walls are immediately torn down and equality between two people is established. At work bosses will refer to their employees by their nicknames. Should an employer use a worker's family name, you can be sure that some kind of correction or serious business will follow. This love for nicknames can create a sense of closeness between people who are otherwise not related. Even the presidents of the United States have borne nicknames. Abraham Lincoln was known as Honest Abe. John F. Kennedy was known as Jack or JFK and William Clinton has no reservations in letting people know he prefers to be called Bill, but those who look upon him with disfavor may call him Slick Willy. Not only people but cities often carry their own nicknames. Chicago is called the "Windy City" because of the strong winds which come down from Canada throughout the year. New York City is considered the "Big Apple" for reasons which are still obscure to most people including many New Yorkers. Not every nickname, however, is positive and some can be rather rude and insulting. If someone should demonstrate a certain negative characteristic, a label will soon be attached to describe that person in an unpleasant way. Likewise a person's physical traits which are very dominant may lead to nicknames but not necessarily to one's liking or choice. A nickname, therefore, is a way of identifying or describing someone or something for better or worse.

单选题Man: I"m a student of Stanford University. How much is a dorm room? Woman: Since you are a college student, we can offer you a special rate. It"s $600 for room and board. Question: What does the woman mean?

单选题Man: You are looking a little overwhelmed.Man: Exactly, you know. I got a million things to do, and all of them have to be finished within three hours.Question: What does the woman mean?

单选题It is doubtful whether anyone can be a truly ______ observer of events. A. inadequate B. impassive C. genius D. impartial

单选题Speaker A: Excuse me. Could you show me the way to the nearest post office? Speaker B: ______

单选题Woman: I can't believe Karen is late for such an important occasion as a job interview. I reminded her time and again yesterday. Man: You should have known her better by now. Everything you tell her goes in one ear and out the other. Question: What does the man imply? A. Karen is very forgetful. B. He knows Karen better now. C. Karen is sure to pass the interview. D. The woman should have reminded Karen earlier.

单选题Speaker A: Can I help you? Speaker B: ______ A. Sorry, I don't need your help. B. What help can you give us? C. Thanks. It's very kind of you to offer us help. D. I'd like to try on these shoes, please.

单选题She ______ that it was a trick to get her involved in the matter, for she knew them too well. A. doubted B. suspected C. conceived D. convinced

单选题{{B}}Passage Three{{/B}} Watching movie stars light up on screen may increase the odds a child or young teen will try smoking, study findings suggest. In this latest study, researchers at Dartmouth Medical School in Lebanon, New Hampshire found that the odds of a child smoking increased in tandem (一前一后，紧密相连) with the number of films with smoking scenes he or she had seen. This pattern remained regardless of other smoking risk factors such as having parents or friends who smoked, poor school performance or a self-reported "rebellious" nature. Dr. James D. Sargent and his colleagues report the findings in the December 15th issue of the British Medical Journal. In response to the findings, the British Medical Association (BMA) called on the UK film industry to "stub out" on-screen smoking. "When smoking is glamorized in movies, young people are encouraged to experiment with a lethal (致命的) habit," the BMA's Dr. Vivienne Nathanson said in a statement. And an editorial accompanying the journal report made the same challenge to Hollywood. "It is time for the entertainment industry to accept responsibility for its actions and stop serving the interests of tobacco companies," writes Dr. Stanton A. Glantz of the University of California, San Francisco. Sargent's team based the findings on a survey of nearly 5 000 Vermont and New Hampshire students aged 9 to 15. Students were asked whether they had seen any of 50 recent movies that the researchers had screened for the number of smoking scenes. They also answered questions about environmental risk factors for smoking, their personality traits and perceptions of their parents' views on smoking. The investigators found that the number of smoking instances students had seen in the movies was correlated with their odds of having tried smoking. Kids who had seen 51 to 100 smoking occurrences were 70% more likely than those who had seen fewer to have smoked. And the odds were nearly three times greater among those who had seen 150-plus smoking scenes. According to the researchers, the effects of on-screen smoking were similar to those of having parent or sibling who smoked. "The results indicate that exposure to tobacco use in films is pervasive," Sargent's team writes. "More importantly, such exposure is associated with trying smoking, which supports the hypothesis that films have a role in the initiation of smoking. " In his editorial, Glantz agrees, writing that the study "provides powerful new evidence" that smoking in movies does contribute to adolescent smoking.

单选题We had a marvelous holiday. Only the last two days were slightly ______ by weather. A. damaged B. enhanced C. spoiled D. diminished

单选题They have been waiting for many hours. The airplane must have been ______. A. of schedule B. on schedule C. ahead of schedule D. behind schedule

单选题According to the author, most Americans ______.

单选题What is sad according to the author?

单选题Woman: Are you going to Hawaii on your vacation? Man: Not this year. I am broke. Woman: Oh! Come on. Question: How does the woman take the man's words? A. She thinks he's not serious. B. She feels sorry for the man. C. She is surprised. D. She is amused.

单选题{{B}}Passage Three{{/B}} One of Microsoft's cool people, is Patrick Blackburn. As a test manager for the Product Group, Blackburn's job may sound routine; however, he says it's anything but that. "Most people ,think of software testing as a mundane task of punching the keyboard like a monkey, trying to break the program," Blackburn says. "Part of that is true, but we write software programs called Monkeys to do that for us so that we don't have to hire real monkeys. Real monkeys are too difficult to manage and don't usually pass the personal hygiene criteria !" In reality, Blackburn says, testing responsibilities are very technically challenging and often include complete development cycles of their own. He spends most of his time coming up with creative incentives to convince his team to believe in schedules for products that don't yet exist, hiring great people to build strong teams, and pounding on the products to find bugs before the customer sees them. According to Blackburn, the most critical thing you can do to succeed at Microsoft is to focus on what you believe is important. "It's easy to get overwhelmed with everything going on around you, so first and foremost you need to stay focused," he says. "What you focus on needs to be something you firmly believe in so that you'll pursue it and defend your mission with a passion. " He also thinks that one of the biggest differences between his co-workers at Microsoft and those at his former workplace is the sense of ownership and the impact on the business that everyone shares. "We hire people who tend to become personally attached to the products and the success of the company, and the environment really perpetuates this," Blackburn says. "It's much easier to motivate a team at Microsoft than any other company I've been in. " One of the most difficult parts of Blackburn's job is staying ahead of the people who report to him. "Because there are so many smart people and technology is changing so quickly, it is a constant challenge to keep up," he says. "I hope that's because I hire such great people!" To succeed, Blackburn uses time management tactics and allocates a specific amount of time to education. "My personal goal is to spend at least 20 percent of my time learning new things through formal and informal methods. "

单选题There is no question that the academic enterprise has become increasingly global, particularly in the sciences. Nearly three million students now study outside their home countriesa 57% increase in the last decade. Foreign students now dominate many U.S. doctoral programs, accounting for 64% of Ph. D. s in computer science, for example. Faculty members are on the move, too. Half of the world's top physicists no longer work in their native countries. And major institutions such as New York University are creating branch campuses in the Middle East and Asia. There are now 162 satellite campuses worldwide, an increase of 43% in just the past three years. At the same time, growing numbers of traditional source countries for students from South Korea to Saudi Arabia (沙特阿拉伯), are trying to improve both the quantity and quality of their own degrees, engaging in a fierceand expensiverace to recruit students and create world-class research universities of their own. Such competition has led to considerable hand-wringing in the West. During a 2008 campaign stop, for instance, then—candidate Barack Obama expressed alarm about the threat that such academic competition poses to U. S. competitiveness. Such concerns are not limited to the United States. In some countries, worries about educational competition and brain drains have led to academic protectionism. India, for instance, places legal and bureaucratic barriers in front of Western universities that want to set up satellite campuses to enroll local students. Perhaps some of the anxiety over the new global academic enterprise is understandable, particularly in a period of massive economic uncertainty. But educational protectionism is as big a mistake as trade protectionism is. The globalization of higher education should be embraced, not fearedincluding in the United States. There is every reason to believe that the worldwide competition for human talent, the race to produce innovative research, the push to extend university campuses to multiple countries, and the rush to train talented graduates who can strengthen increasingly knowledge-based economies will be good for the United States, as well.

单选题I"ve no idea when she"ll be back. ______ you wait or come back later is up to you.