单选题It has never ______ to me that an intimate knowledge of English grammar can be so useful. A. occurred B. happened C. turned D. conformed

单选题{{B}}Directions: {{/B}}{{I}}There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.{{/I}} Does walking on the moon make life better for people on earth?{{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}all the problems of our own world, why should we be spending huge sums on trips to outer space? Such questions as these are often asked, especially{{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}those whose tax money is paying for space explorations. The answers to these questions are many and varied. Up to now, the practical benefits resulting{{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}space research have included the development of new methods and skills, new processes, new services, new products, and even new companies created to make use of what{{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}through space travel. Also among the benefits are better education (especially in scientific subjects),{{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}management, higher quality of industrial products, and more rapid economic growth. People all over the world are now served by{{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}weather predictions, better communication systems, and better understanding of the earth and its environment. Everyone will benefit{{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}observations from space make it possible to measure the earth's resources and{{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}whether or not they are being used properly.{{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}the space program will help our world deal with the problems of the environment. It has already brought a new appreciation of the complex system{{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}man is only a part.

单选题The word "smog" has become a household word in urban China. Smog is an 11 of greenhouse gases and pollutants that reduce visibility and harm respiratory functions. Smog is typically 12 cities with high concentrations of cars and factories. The population density, amount of industry and the fuels used 13 together to have an impact on smog levels. During summer, smog is worse 14 the production of ozone, the main component of smog, increases in strong sunlight. The important thing to understand about smog is that this kind of pollution is spread out 15 large distances. Walking, biking or using public transportation can help limit ozone production. 16 , decreasing household electricity use and keeping your vehicles fuel-efficient reduces 17 greenhouse gases. Checking tire pressure, oil levels, air filters, and getting regular maintenance help 18 fuel efficiency. Be sure to use only the fuel recommended in the vehicle"s user 19 . Simple steps like avoiding stop-and-go traffic and reducing vehicle workload decrease smog-related emissions. To lighten the workload, avoid running the air-conditioner, 20 the engine and carrying heavy objects in the vehicle.

单选题People who work overtime at any job are more likely to sustain a work-related injury than those who work their regular hours. A. maintain B. endure C. support D. suffer

单选题All Fire Police Officers are sworn officers of the law and should display a(n) {{U}}badge{{/U}} of authority when on duty. A. multitude B. token C. air D. degree

单选题Passage Five Theories accounting for the physical process of color vision have undergone many changes since 1801, when Thomas Young first suggested that three types of cone in the retina respond to stimulus from red, green and blue light, or a mixture of these three basic colors. This concept of "additive" color has been retained with modifications made, as new discoveries of the eye's functions have been uncovered. Today, the most popular theory is that there are color opponent cells in the eye that work to excite response to one basic color and inhibit another, while achromatic cells respond to whiteness or darkness. The interactions between these cells produce the huge range of colors that we see. When it comes to naming these colors, however, an entirely different process takes over language. At one stage it was believed that language defined how one viewed the world, by restricting perceptions to terms available within each language. Thus the Dani people of New Guinea were thought to see everything literally in black and white, as these were the only color terms within their language. Experiments over a wide range of colors, however, showed that there were 11 basic color terms. In English these colors are black, white, red, yellow, green, blue, brown, purple, pink, gray, and orange. In any culture with less than these 11 basic terms, such as the Dani, the choice of basic names will follow the order above. What was striking about the study was that the Dani were able to perceive color variations as ably as anyone from a culture with the full number of basic color terms. This led researchers to the unsurprising conclusion that although languages differ, perceptions remain identical.

单选题A.Heleftbytrain.B.Hemissedhisflight.C.Hedidn'tgetataxi.D.Hetooktheeleveno'clockflight.

单选题 Once upon a time, staying a healthy weight was easy. To lose weight you simply had to practise the reverse of home economics-spend more than you earned. Unfortunately for many, but perhaps not surprisingly, {{U}}it turns out that people are rather more complicated than bank accounts{{/U}}. To stay a healthy weight, you need a hormone called leptin to work properly. It sends "I'm full" messages from the fat cells up to the brain, where they go, among other places, to the same pleasure centers that respond to drugs like cocaine. Obese people produce plenty of leptin, but the brain doesn't seem to respond to it properly. Last year, researchers at the Oregon Research Institute scanned the brains of overweight people and found their reward circuits were underactive. They were eating more to try to get the enjoyment they were missing. There's a lot of evidence for the fact that most, if not all, of us have a set point around which our weight can vary by about seven to nine kilos, but anything beyond that is a real struggle. Making changes is hard, particularly if your body is working against you. So why not ditch the traditional approaches and try some new methods, based on the latest research, that work with your body rather than against it. Several years ago researchers at the National Institute on Aging in Baltimore reported that when they gave rats very little food one day and allowed them to eat plenty the next, they showed virtually all the benefits of a permanent calorie restriction diet. The same goes for humans, according to Dr. James Johnson. How does it work? Besides forcing the body to burn fat, it may also trigger hormonal changes. Most people say that the diet takes a bit of getting used to, but is not as {{U}}grinding{{/U}} as trying to cut back on an everyday basis. Older dieters may remember something called brown fat. Unlike the undesirable white stuff, this was a dieter's dream. Instead of storing excess energy as fat, brown-fat tissue burned it off to keep you warm-at least in mice. Brown fat fell out of favor because researchers couldn't find much in humans but now, thanks to the New England journal of Medicine, it's back in fashion. The idea is to expose people to cold temperatures. They then make more brown fat and their weight drops.

单选题Something worth doing is none______for being done twice, A. the worse B. much worse C. more worse D. worse enough

单选题Many parents encounter occasions when their child doesn't {{U}}turn in{{/U}} their homework assignments. A. participate in B. hand in C. engage in D. invest in

单选题Jane and Tom have been able to {{U}}reconcile{{/U}} their difference and are a happy family again. A. settle B. arrange C. balance D. pacify

单选题 The immediate response to the birth of dolly, the sheep, was a revulsion against the idea of using the same technique to clone human beings. But the news had just the opposite effect on an eccentric scientist named Richard Seed, who declared with an eerie bravado that he was going to produce "half-a-dozen bouncing-baby, happy, smiling clones" before the end of the decade. Most scientists dismissed his plan as kooky; several U.S. states and 19 European countries outlawed it. But a year later, Seed insists that he is undeterred. He claims to have a partner, an obstetrician-gynecologist, but he won't name him or the three other scientists who he says make up his team. When pressed, he concedes that his colleagues are currently spending no more than 10 hours a week on the project. After all, they have day jobs. Not so Seed. The unemployed physicist, who has spent a lifetime dabbing in ill-fated ventures, is tying to build support and raise money; he claims to have commitments for $800 000. An impressive start, if true, but still far from the $2.5 million he says is necessary to clone the first human before 2000. While virtually no mainstream scientist believes Seed will succeed, there has been a subtle shift in attitudes since the bearded, big-boned maverick limed into view. Seed put into words what many scientists were thinking, and few were surprised to learn last month that a team in South Korea had begun work on human cloning and even claimed to have produced a four-cell human embryo. Seed is unconvinced. "The [Korean] results are highly suspect," he says. But he recognizes that the world is not waiting for him. "I'll be devastated if someone else does it first," he says. "But I'll get over it. I'd rather see somebody do it than nobody." That way, at least, Seed could pursue his next project-reprogramming DNA to achieve immortality—which he sees as the all-important successor to cloning. So here's a conundrum: which would be stranger, a world full of Richard Seeds, or a world in which Seed never goes away?

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单选题The preserved food should retain {{U}}palatable{{/U}} appearance, flavor, and texture, as well as its original nutritional value. A. tasty B. stylish C. delicate D. notable

单选题Moderate and regular exercise can boost the rate of blood circulation and metabolism.

单选题 The biosphere is the name biologists give to the sort of skin on the surface of this planet that is inhabitable by living organisms. Most land creatures occupy only the interface between the atmosphere and the land; birds extend their range for a few hundred feet into the atmosphere; burrowing invertebrates such as earthworms may reach a few yards into the soil but rarely penetrate farther unless it has been recently disturbed by men. Fish cover a wider range, from just beneath the surface of the sea to those depths of greater than a mile inhabited by specialized creatures. Fungi(真菌) and bacteria are plentiful in the atmosphere to a height of about half a mile, blown there by winds from the lower air. Balloon exploration of the stratosphere (同温层) as long ago as 1936 indicated that moulds and bacteria could be found at heights of several miles, recently the USA's National Aeronautics and Space Administration has detected them, in decreasing numbers, at heights up to eighteen miles. They are pretty sparse at such levels, about one for every two thousand cubic feet, compared with 50 to 100 per cubic foot at two to six miles (the usual altitude of jet aircraft), and they are almost certainly in an inactive state. Marine bacteria have been detected at the bottom of the deep Pacific trench, sometimes as deep as seven miles; they are certainly not inactive. Living microbes have also been obtained on land from cores of rock drilled (while prospecting for oil) at depths of as much as 1,200 feet. Thus we can say, disregarding the exploits of astronauts, that the biosphere has a maximum thickness of about twenty-five miles. Active living processes occur only within a compass of about seven miles, in the sea, on land and in the lower atmosphere, but the majority of living creatures live within a zone of a hundred feet or so. If this planet were scaled down to the size of an orange, the biosphere, at its extreme width, would occupy the thickness of the orange-colored skin, excluding the pith. In this tiny zone of our planet takes place the multitude of chemical and biological activities that we call life. The way in which living creatures interact with each other, depend on each other or compete with each other, has fascinated thinkers since the beginning of recorded history. Living things exist in a fine balance which is often taken for granted—for, from a practical point of view, things could not be otherwise. Yet it is a source of continual amazement to scientists because of its intricacy and delicacy. The balance of nature is obvious most often when it is disturbed, yet even here it can seem remarkable how quickly it readjusts itself to a new balance after a disturbance. The science of ecology—the study of the interaction of organisms with their environment—has grown up to deal with the minutiae of the balance of nature.

单选题Some scientists are trying to eliminate malaria by developing a GM mosquito that can't transmit the disease. A. remove B. fabricate C. enhance D. utilize

单选题In spite of the {{U}}taxing{{/U}} business schedule, he managed to take some time off for exercise. A. imposing B. demanding C. compulsory D. temporary

单选题 {{B}}Passage Three {{/B}} Pablo Picasso was the most influential and successful artist of the 20th century. Painting, sculpture, graphic art, and ceramics were all profoundly and irrevocably affected by his genius. As the son of a professor of art, Picasso's talent for drawing was recognized at an early age. An advanced student at the Barcelona Academy of Fine Arts from the age of 14, he experimented in his youth with nearly all of the avant-garde styles current at the turn of the century, an early demonstration of his lifelong ability to assimilate aesthetic ideas and to work in a variety of styles. For Picasso, the meaning of art was to be derived from other works of art, and not directly from nature. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec's work had a significant impact on his early paintings, as did the work of Paul Cezanne. Their influence, among others, can be detected in the paintings of Picasso's "blue period", which was stimulated by his exposure to life and thought in Paris, where he made his home after 1904. In works such as The Old Guitarist, he created evocative portrayals of blind, impoverished, or despairing people in a predominantly blue palette. His use of blue as a motif was apparently derived from the symbolic Maeterlinck and Oscar Wilde, whose work often derived its force from depictions of madness or illness. Although his palette and subject matter changed when he entered what is called his "rose period, during which he painted harlequins and circus performers in a lighter and warmer color scheme, an underlying mood of spiritual loneliness and lyrical melancholy that marked his "blue" paintings was retained. These paintings, however, do display a classical calm that contrasts clearly with the nervous expressionism of the blue period.

单选题 As a rule, there is more genuine satisfaction, a truer life, and more obtained from life in the humble cottages of the poor than in the palaces of the rich. I always pity the sons and daughters at a later age, but I am glad to remember that they do not know what they have missed. They have kind fathers and mothers, and think that they enjoy the sweetness of the blessings to the fullest: but this they cannot do; for the poor who has in his father his constant companion, tutor, and model, and in his mother—holy name—his nurse, teacher, guardian angel, saint, all in one, has a richer, more precious in life than any rich man's son who is not so favored can possible know, and compared with which all other fortunes count for little. It is because I know how sweet and happy and pure the home of honest poverty is, show free from perplexing care, from social envies and emulations, how loving and how united its members may be in the common interest of supporting the family, that I sympathize with the rich man's boy congratulate the poor man's boy; and it is for these reasons that from the ranks of the poor so many strong, eminent, self-reliant men have always sprung and always must spring. If you will read the list of the immortals who "were not born to die," you will find that most of them have been born to the precious heritage of poverty. It seems, nowadays, a matter of universal desire that poverty should be abolished. We should be quite willing to abolish luxury, but to abolish honest, industrious, self-denying poverty would be to destroy the soil upon which mankind produces the virtues which enable our race to reach a still higher civilization than it now possesses.