单选题Despite tremendous achievement, formidable obstacles to development will persist. A. difficult B. sustainable C. external D. unpredictable

单选题E-commerce has revolutionized the way business is done in today"s market. However, customers are at 1 of purchasing false products or poor quality items. Many 2 the distance between customers and send the wrong goods and lure clients to buy goods recommended as great 3 , but when customers receive these items, they find themselves falling into traps. Many dangers, 4 by the obscurity of e-commerce, involve the products and the electronic transaction. From the buyer"s 5 , dangers include purchasing products not measuring 6 what was previously advertised in the website. Another risk is identity theft. Since electronic transactions are needed to complete the purchase, hackers may acquire 7 information about the user to make other purchases. There are still honest businesses that sell their products and services but gain a very small profit by 8 the prices of their products because they have a lot of competition in the Internet. That is 9 one of the hazards of e-commerce that should be considered is the bankruptcy of businesses since profit is low if they need 10 their goods as cheaply as possible.

单选题My supervisor, gentle and friendly, made me feel at ease from the first meeting with him. A. at large B. at length C. at random D. at home

单选题 To produce the upheaval in the United States that changed and modernized the domain of higher education from the mid-1860's to the mid-1880's, three primary causes interacted. The emergence of a half-dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was needed. Moreover, an outcry for a fresher, more practical, and more advanced kind of instruction arose among the alumni and friends of nearly all of the old colleges and grew into a movement that overrode all conservative opposition. The aggressive "Young Yale" movement appeared, demanding partial alumni control, a more liberal spirit, and a broader course of study. The graduates of Harvard College simultaneously rallied to relieve the college's poverty and demand new enterprise. Education was pushing toward higher standards in the East by throwing off church leadership everywhere, and in the West by finding a wider range of studies and a new sense of public duty. The old-style classical education received its most crushing blow in the citadel of Harvard College, where Dr. Charles Eliot, a young captain thirty-five, son of a former treasurer of Harvard, led the progressive forces. Five revolutionary advances were made during the first years of Dr. Eliot's administration. They were the elevation and amplification of entrance requirements, the enlargement of the curriculum and the development of the elective system, the recognition of graduate study in the liberal arts, the raising of professional training in law, medicine, and engineering to a postgraduate level, and the fostering of greater maturity in student life. Standards of admission were sharply advanced in 1872-1873 and 1876-1877. By the appointment of a dean to take charge of student affairs, and a wise handling of discipline, the undergraduates were led to regard themselves more as young gentlemen and less as young animals. One new course of study after another was opened up science, music, the history of the fine arts, advanced Spanish, political economy, physic, classical philology, and international law.

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单选题The reason was that it was not at that time ascertained that those materials were definitely to be used. A. determined B. argued C. pretended D. hypothesized

单选题 November 25 is the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women. This day was recognized by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1999 with a view to raising public awareness of violations of the rights of women. Why was this step necessary? In many cultures women are viewed and treated as inferior or as second class citizens．Prejudices against them are deep rooted．{{U}}Gender{{/U}}-based violence in all its forms is an ongoing problem, even in the so-called developed world. According to former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan, "Violence against women is global in reach, and takes place in all societies and cultures. It affects women no matter what their race, social origin, birth or other status may be. " Radhika Coomaraswamy, UN expert of the Commission on Human Rights on Violence Against Women, says in his report that for the vast majority of women, violence against women is "a taboo issue, invisible in society and a shameful fact of life. " Statistics issued by a victim study institution in Holland indicate that 23 percent of women in one South American country, or about 1 in 4, suffer some form of domestic violence. Likewise, the Council of Europe estimates that 1 in 4 European women suffer domestic violence during their lifetime. According tO the British Home Office in England and Wales in one recent year, an average of two women each week were killed by current or former partners. The magazine India Today International reported that " for women across India, fear is a constant companion and rape is the stranger they may have tO confront at every corner, on any road，in any public place at any hour." UN experts described violence against women and girls as " today's most serious human rightS challenge. "

单选题 Too much eating. Too many unhealthy foods. Too many advertisements for food. Too little activity. Different explanations are offered for America's weight problem--a problem increasingly shared by other countries. Almost one-fifth of American children and teenagers are overweight. Schools have been urged to increase physical education, an important tool for public health. And many have. Yet now comes a study showing an increase in the number of injuries in physical education class. Injuries increased 150% between 1997 and 2007. he study involved injuries treated in hospital emergency departments. Only 2% were serious. The researchers did not try to identify the causes of the increase, but they have some theories. Lara McKenzie from Ohio State University was the lead researcher. She says one possibility is a decrease in the number of school nurses during the period they studied. For example, a 2004 study showed that the number of school nurses nationally failed to meet federal guidelines. Schools without a nurse on duty may be more likely to send an injured child to a hospital. Another possible reason for more injuries is a change in the traditional idea of physical education. This "New PE." expands the kinds of sports that are taught. But activities that some schools offer now, like rock climbing walls and skateboarding, can also expand the risks, says Cheryl Richardson. She is with the National Association for Sport and Physical Education. Also, she says not all states require P.E. teachers to be specially trained. Untrained teachers could be less likely to recognize unsafe conditions. Cheryl Richardson also points to one of the study's findings--that injuries are often the result of contact with a person or a structure. This tells her that the teachers were not giving each student enough space to move around safely. Six activities produced 70% of all injuries: running, basketball, football, volleyball, soccer and gymnastics. The researchers say larger class sizes are another possible reason for the increase in injuries. Larger classes can mean less supervision. The National Association for Sport and Physical Education says 20 to 30 students in a PE. class should be the limit.

单选题A.Hehasanotherdinnerappointment.B.Hehasn'teatenoutthatmuch.C.Heknows'thewaytotherestaurant.D.Hedoesnotliketoeatouteither.

单选题Fear is the most destructive force in the world, for it ______ motivation and creativity. A. clutches B. cripples C. compels D. conceives

单选题 The potential of computers for increasing the control of organizations or society over their members and for invading the privacy of those members has caused considerable concern. The privacy issue has been raised most insistently with respect to the creation and maintenance of data files that assemble information about persons from a multitude of sources. Files of this kind would be highly valuable for many kinds of economic and social research, but they are bought at too high a price if they endanger human freedom or seriously enhance their opportunities of blackmailers. While such dangers should not be ignored, it should be noted that the lack of comprehensive data files has never before been the limiting barrier to the suppression of human freedom. Making the computer the villain in the invasion of privacy or encroachment on civil liberties simply divers attention from the real dangers. Computer data bank files can and must be given the highest degree of protection from abuse. But we must be careful also, that we do not employ such crude methods of protection as to deprive our society of important data it needs to understand its down social processes and to analyze its problems. Perhaps the most important question of all about the computer is what it has come and will do to man's view of himself and his place in the universe. The most heated attacks on the computer are not focused on its possible economic effects, its presumed destruction of job satisfaction, or its threat to privacy and liberty, but upon the claim that it causes people to be viewed, and to view themselves, as machines. What the computer and progress in artificial intelligence challenge are an ethic that rests on man's apartness from the rest of nature. An alternative ethic, of course, views man as a part of nature, governed by nature law, subject to the forces of gravity and the demands of his body. The debate about artificial intelligence and the simulation of man's thinking is, in considerable part, a confrontation of these two views of man's place in the universe.

单选题Grace urged students to stand by their beliefs and principles, and ______themselves. A. believe in B. persist in C. consist in D. specialize in

单选题Facebook's top executives are {{U}}eligible{{/U}} for twice-a-year bonuses of up to 45 percent of their base salaries. A. optional B. qualified C. desirable D. casual

单选题 Over the past 30 years, the childhood obesity rate in the United States has doubled for children and tripled for adolescents. Since 95 percent of young people are enrolled in schools, many experts believe innovative school programs can go a long way to helping fight childhood obesity. Calvary Preschool in Pittsford, Vermont, is even teaching the children how to enjoy playing outside. The idea of having to teach kids how to play outside leaves Anita Caldwell, a teacher there, {{U}}dumbfounded{{/U}}. "You just kind of take for granted that kids want to go outside and play but then you recognize, when you talk to them, that they don't," says Caldwell. "They spend their day with a large screen TV and some snacks." Fellow teacher, Laura Peterson, agrees. "When I was growing up--'shoo!'-- out the door in the morning and you'd play outside until the streetlights came on at night." But it's different today, she says. With many parents working, it's often easier for them to have their kids play inside with a video game or watch TV Peterson says an early childhood education class got her thinking about ways to incorporate more activity into their school day. She began to research playground equipment and found many experts recommending the benefits of "back to nature" unstructured play. Kids today are more used to structured play, where they have to follow rules, listen to a coach, or play on specific equipment. So, she says, their first big challenge was getting the kids to freely explore the things along the trail. "When we started to go off the trail into the woods, the kids had no idea what to do. I said, 'Wow, look at all these trees, let's play!' And they kind of looked at me, 'What are you talking about?' So we had to show them how to walk on trees and how to swing off them onto other branches and see the little holes underneath that you can play in." At a time when many schools have cut back on their physical education programs, Calvary's weekly hike day is unique. One day a week outside probably isn't enough, Peterson says. But as she watches her students run through the woods, she smiles, and says it's a good start.

单选题{{U}}Jabbing{{/U}} the eye with a sharp instrument may cause intense pain. A. Sticking B. Poking C. Hitting D. Examining

单选题The staggering sum of money invested in this project failed to yield the desired result. A. fluctuating B. increasing C. diminishing D. overwhelming

单选题 Blue collar and government jobs are among the most {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}careers for U.S. graduates, according to U.S. News magazine's 2008 Best Careers report. U.S. employers are increasingly offshoring professional jobs. This means less jobs {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}college-graduate skills, the magazine says. As in many other countries, U.S. high school students are told that college is the {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. So there's a growing {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}of skilled people in jobs that don't require a college education. But the report also says that some rewarding blue-collar careers, such as technical work in the biomedical equipment and security systems sectors, are more {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}to college graduates. These are more knowledge-based than the usual blue-collar jobs. Government is becoming an employer of {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Corporations, fueled by pressures to compete globally, continue to get ever {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Non-profit organizations are increasingly strapped for cash. Government is able to pay employees well,{{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}their practices are economically sound, the magazine says. The report also indicates that social {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}may be the enemy of contentment in career. People are flocking in greater numbers to careers in the law, medicine and architecture. Yet recent surveys of job satisfaction in those professions {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}a less-than-rosy picture.

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单选题China moved to ______ its grain production when its grain output had kept declining for five consecutive years. A. turn up B. take up C. step up D. make up

单选题Around the Spring Festival, a prevailing practice is to exchange greetings and visits. A. prevalent B. populous C. preceding D. present