单选题Directions: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet. Corporate culture is a not a new term. It has been used to describe the {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}beliefs, value systems, and processes that provide a company with its own unique flavor and attitude. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}businesses of all sizes offer a specific range of services or products, every company has a set of values and goals that help to define what the business is all {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Here are some examples of elements that {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}creating and defining a corporate culture. At the foundation of any company culture are the standards for the operation of the business. These standards are usually expressed {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}the policies and procedures that define how the company will operate. This will include how different departments or functions {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}one another in the production process, the line of communication established between management and departmental employees, and rules {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}acceptable conduct of everyone who is part of the company. This basic organizational culture makes it possible to develop other layers of corporate culture based on these foundational factors. When employees have {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}to make suggestions that could improve the productivity or the general working environment of the company, the corporate culture is {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}, as it allows for free communication {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}everyone employed by the business.

单选题A person must satisfy his physiological needs, such as food, clothing and shelter, before ______ any other objective. A. chasing B. pursuing C. sustaining D. searching

单选题Researchers produced evidence to support what most of us already knew--that a cup of tea is the answer to any crisis. Dr. Malcolm Cross, a psychologist at City University London, tested the anxiety levels of a group of people following a (41) situation and revealed that even a single cup of tea has a (42) calming effect. His team gave 42 volunteers a mental arithmetic exam and (43) offered half of them a cup of tea and the other half a glass of water. The water group's anxiety levels soared (44) 25 percent compared to before the task, (45) the tea group actually reported a four percent reduction in anxiety---despite the difficult test, they were more relaxed than when they started. According to a survey carried out for the research, 68 percent of Britons (46) tea in a dilemma, making it the nation's most common response to trouble of (47) kind. About 60 percent said the promise of comfort and warmth was the main reason for putting the kettle on. "The (48) of making and drinking tea--particularly during times of stress---is at the very (49) of British culture," Cross said. This study shows that the social psychological (50) of tea enhance the effects of its chemical make-up on our bodies and brains.

单选题The spokesman talked about the cause of the accident, but the media didn't seem to {{U}}buy{{/U}} it. A. purchase B. exaggerate C. accept D. confirm

单选题Too much time has ______ since we worked on this project. A. circulated B. elapsed C. occupied D. detached

单选题 Young people often wonder at the large number of employers who do not respond to their applications for jobs. They say that despite enclosing return envelopes they hear nothing at all or, at best, an impersonal note is sent declaring that the post for which they applied has been filled. Applicants often develop the suspicion that vacancies are marked for friends and relatives and that advertisements are only put out to avert this accusation. Many of them tire of writing around and feel that if only they could obtain an interview with the right person their application would meet with success. Not to acknowledge applicants letters is impolite and there seems little excuse for this. Yet even sending brief replies to the many who apply takes much time and money. That so-called return envelop may not have been stamped by the sender, and a hard pressed office manager may be reluctant to send off long letters of explanation to disappointed job hunters. A brief note is all that can be managed and even that depends on the policy of the firm. But this difficulty is reasonably easy to remove with a little goodwill. The failure of an application is more often the fault of the applicant, for many applicants do not set about their task in the right way. They do not study the job requirements deeply enough and dispatch applications to all and sundry in the hope that one will bear fruit. The personnel manager of a textiles manufacturer, for example, advertised for designers. He was willing to consider young people without working experience provided they had good ideas. The replies contained many remarks like: "At school I was good at art", "I like drawing things" and even "I write very interesting stories". Only one applicant was sensible enough to enclose samples of her designs. She got the job. Personnel managers emphasize the need for a good letter of application. They do not look for the finest writing paper and perfect typing, but it is reasonable to expect legible writing on a clean sheet of paper, not a piece torn roughly from an exercise book. As soon as the applicant is lucky enough to receive an invitation to attend an interview, he should acknowledge the letter and say he will attend, but the matter does not end there. The wise applicant will fill in the interval, making himself familiar with the activities of the company he hopes to join. Some applicants have not the faintest idea what the company does and this puts them at a great disadvantage when they come to answer the questions that will be put to them in the interview. Finally, the way an applicant presents himself at the interview can sometimes mar his chances. The applicant who arrives late is almost certain not to be appointed, as no employer likes unpunctuality. Dress is important, too. An interview is a rather special occasion and the wise applicant will come dressed in a way that shows he takes it seriously.

单选题WhichofthefollowingisoneoftherequirementsforaMacArthurFellowshipwinner?A.Thewinnershouldwriteareporttothecommitteeofthefoundation.B.Thewinnershouldreporttothecommitteebeforetheyspendthemoney.C.Thewinnershouldnotbeagovernmentofficial.D.Thewinnershouldbenominatedbythefoundation'sdirectors.

单选题Russia is ______the largest country in the world, covering more than a ninth of the Earth's land area. A. far from B. by far C. at first D. other than

单选题 It happens to every college student. Every professor on campus assigns a paper the same week. Volunteer work and social activities fill the calendar. Before long, an assignment is due in the morning, so what else is there to do? Brew a pot of coffee and begin another of that most storied of college traditions: {{U}}the all- nighter.{{/U}} Many college students have found themselves in this position. Although studying late into the early hours is a pretty well-accepted part of college life, the scientific consensus is clear—insufficient sleep is bad for a student's performance, happiness and health. Sleep is one of the body's most vital processes, affecting everything from muscle strength to memory span. Sleep increases blood flow to muscles and repairs damaged cells. A recent study indicates that college basketball players perform better on the court if they sleep at least ten hours the night before. Sleep consolidates memories and prepares the brain to perform—students who get more sleep can improve recall ability and actually do better on tests. How much sleep a person needs varies, but Dr. William DeMent from Stanford University says college students need over eight hours per night. With assignments piling up, many students end up constantly sleep deprived. Students accumulate a "sleep debt" that can get larger over time and can only be "paid off" by getting the amount of sleep the body needs. Naturally, a person's body would force them to get enough sleep by making them feel sleepy. But caffeine, stimulants, pressing deadlines encourage students to ignore the body's natural signals and go without sleep far longer than they should. It's easy to get caught up in the excitement and stress of college life and to get in the habit of getting to bed later and later. But pushing bodies and schedules to their limits does not come without cost. In the short-term, sleep deprivation affects mood, mental ability and physical performance. It decreases reaction time and makes a person more easily distracted. That's bad for test taking, and even worse for students who are driving. In the long-term, not getting enough sleep can sacrifice your health and shorten your life span by causing irritability, frustration and proneness to mistakes, associated with high blood pressure, obesity and heart failure. There are more than enough reasons to {{U}}hit the sack{{/U}} early tonight!

单选题Every modem government, liberal or otherwise, has a specific position in the field of ideas; its stability is {{U}}vulnerable{{/U}} to critics in proportion to their ability and persuasiveness. A. futile B. susceptible C. feasible D. flexible

单选题This honor recognizes the work done by these private enterprises on behalf of charity.

单选题Wealth, advanced education and a ______ occupation can give a person high status in society. A. tedious B. weary C. prestigious D. notorious

单选题The FDA is expected to require safety studies on e-cigarettes and ______ their use. A. regulate B. recollect C. rebound D. rehearse

单选题The principal difference between singing and speaking is that in singing vowel sounds are {{U}}sustained{{/U}} and given a precise pitch. A. prolonged B. refined C. lowered D. analyzed

单选题A.ColumbiaUniversity.B.PrincetonUniversity.C.TheUniversityofPennsylvania.D.CornellUniversity.

单选题City residents have a hard time trying to avoid contact with hazardous chemicals in daily life. A. dangerous B. prevalent C. novel D. invasive

单选题The young Galileo {{U}}carried on{{/U}} his experiments, turning a deaf ear to his father's plea. A. suspended B. continued C. fulfilled D. completed.

单选题This hard-working couple was able to put their two sons through college on their own. A. by their own efforts B. in their own way C. in their own interests D. in their own light

单选题The initial appearance of the silver three-cent piece {{U}}coincided with{{/U}} the first issue of three-cent stamps in 1851. A. occurred at the same time as B. collided with C. was necessitated by D. was similar to

单选题 Researchers produced evidence to support what most of us already knew--that a cup of tea is the answer to any crisis. Dr. Malcolm Cross, a psychologist at City University London, tested the anxiety levels of a group of people following a {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}situation and revealed that even a single cup of tea has a {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}calming effect. His team gave 42 volunteers a mental arithmetic exam and {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}offered half of them a cup of tea and the other half a glass of water. The water group's anxiety levels soared {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}25 percent compared to before the task, {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}the tea group actually reported a four percent reduction in anxiety---despite the difficult test, they were more relaxed than when they started. According to a survey carried out for the research, 68 percent of Britons {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}tea in a dilemma, making it the nation's most common response to trouble of {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}kind. About 60 percent said the promise of comfort and warmth was the main reason for putting the kettle on. "The {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}of making and drinking tea--particularly during times of stress---is at the very {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}of British culture," Cross said. This study shows that the social psychological {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}of tea enhance the effects of its chemical make-up on our bodies and brains.