Directions:Thereare10sentencesinthispart.Eachsentencehas4underlinedpartsmarhedA,B,CandD.Youarerequiredtoidentifytheincorrectpart,andthenwritethecorrespondingletterandthecorrectanswerontheAnswerSheet.(2×10)
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Doctor
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Initsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horses,andcartsgotstuck.Anoldjokethatwaspopularatthetimewentsomethinglikethis:AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.Askedifheneedshelp,hereplies,No,thanks.Ivegotagoodhorseunderme.Thecityplannerdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage(排水)system,buttheresimplywasntenoughdifferencebetweentheheightofthegroundlevelandthewaterlevel.TheonlytwooptionsweretolowertheChicagoRiverorraisethecity.AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecitysstreetsbyasmuchas12feet.Thisofcoursecreatedanewproblem:dirtpracticallyburiedthefirstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago.Buildingownerswerefacedwithachoice;eitherchangethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsintobasements,andthesecondstoriesintomainfloors,orhoisttheentirebuildingstomeetthenewstreetlevel.Smallwood-framebuildingscouldbeliftedfairlyeasily.Butwhataboutlarge,heavystructuresliketheTremontHotel,whichwasasix-storybrickbuilding?ThatswhereGeorgePullmancamein.Hehaddevelopedsomehouse-movingskillssuccessfully.ToliftabigstructureliketheTremontHotel,Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrews(螺旋千斤顶)beneaththebuildingsfoundation.Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsectionofroughly10jackscrews.AtPullmanssignaleachmanturnedhisjackscrewthesameamountatthesametime,therebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly.Astonishingly,theTremontHotelstayopenduringtheentireoperation,andmanyofitsguestsdidntevennoticeanythingwashappening.Somepeopleliketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution.ButinChicagosearlyhistory,everyengineeringsolutionseemedtocreateanewproblem.NowthatChicagoswastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver,thecitysnextstepwastocleanthepollutedriver.
(A=Amy C=Cindy)
PassageThreeQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:ManypeopleknowthatrubbishisabigproblemontheplanetEarth.Andwhatmanypeopledontknowisthatjunkhasbecomeaprobleminouterspacetoo.AccordingtoBBCNews,therearemorethan22,000piecesofspacejunkfloatingaroundtheEarth.AndthesearejustthethingsthatwecanseefromthesurfaceoftheEarththroughtelescopes.Therearealsomillionsofsmallerpiecesofjunkthatwecantsee.Objects,likepiecesofoldspacerocketsorsatellites,movearoundEarthatveryhighspeed,sofastthatevenaverysmallpiececanbreakimportantsatellitesorbecomedangerousforastronauts.Ifthetiniestpieceofjunkcrashedintoaspaceship,itcoulddamagethevehicle.Tomakethingsworse,whentwoobjectsinspacecrash,theybreakintomanysmallerpieces.Forexample,whenaU.S.satellitehitanoldRussiansatellitein2009,itbrokeintomorethan2000pieces,increasingtheamountofspacejunk.Toreduceadditionalspacejunk,countrieshaveagreedthatallnewspacetoolscanonlystayinspacefor25yearsatmost.EachtoolmustbebuilttofallsafelyintotheEarthsatmosphereafterthattime.Intheupperpartsoftheatmosphere,itwillburnup.Manyscientistsalsosuggestdifferentwaystocleanupspacejunk.InEngland,scientistsaretestingametalnetthatcanbefiredintospacejunk.ThenetcatchesthejunkandthenpullsitintotheEarthsatmospheretoburnup.TheGermansarebuildingakindofrobotsthatcancollectpiecesofspacejunkandbringthembacktoEarthtobesafelydestroyed.Theproblemisbecomingmorechallengingbecauseweresendingmoreobjectsintospacetohelppeopleusetheirmobilephonesandcomputers,saysMarcoCastronuovo,anItalianspaceresearcher.Thetimetoactisnow.Thelongerweleavetheproblem,thebiggeritwillbecome,hesays.
说明：假如你是李华。根据以下内容给美国交换生Carl写张便条。写便条时间为下午3点半。便条的内容包含：1.邀请他本周五晚上7点参加你的生日聚会；2.有人来接，并会提前给他打电话；3.告知聚会的活动安排。请注意便条格式!
说明：假如你是项目经理Jane Hart。根据以下内容给John Smith先生写封信。写信时间为2020年7月25日。信的内容包含：1.感谢他上周发来的邮件；2.告诉他工程进度很顺利，有可能提前完成；3.对当地员工的培训还未完成，预计下月底可结束；4.随信附上一份参加培训的员工名单。请注意信函格式!
It is said that many famous _______will appear in this film.
Directions:For this part, you are required to write a notice based on the outline given below. Pleasewrite it on the ANSWER SHEET.假设你是一班班长李华，班级将举行一次去山上拍摄自然景色的活动。请你写一则通知，内容应包括：1.介绍活动内容和安排；2.说明集合时间、地点及注意事项；3.表示期待大家参加。
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Directions:Read the following passage carefully and then translate it into Chinese. Yourtranslation should be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.Today we are faced with pressure from every aspect. We are under pressure not only to work andmake progress, but also to raise children and take family responsibilities. Research shows that workingtoo long tends to distance us from our family and friends. In addition, working under pressure is harmfulto our health. What's more, it will lead us to spend only a small part of our time in accompanying thepeople we love.
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Whatkindofworldwillourchildrenhavetolivein?Willtheyhaveairtobreatheandfoodtoeat?Theseare_____30_____thebasicquestionsthatwereaddressedatthefirstworldmeetingontheenvironment.Thesecomplexproblemscan______31_____besolvedbyindividualcountries;nationsoftheworldmustacttogetherifwearetodevelopanswersthatwill_____32_____asafeandhealthyworldtoourchildren.Willworldleadershavethe_____33_____tomakethenecessarychangesinthelawsthatprotecttheenvironment?Theanswerisnot_____34_____,butthereishope.Anumberofimportantproblemswere_____35_____intheconference,allrelatedtothequalityoflifeontheplanet._____36_____moreandmorecountriesbecomeindustrialized,airpollutionfromfactoriesandautomobilesworsens,causinganincreaseindiseaseandmedical_____37_____.Cleanwateris,ofcourse._____38_____concernforallcountries,butveryoftenriversandotherwatersourcesarethreatenedby_____39_____growth,asfactoriesandotherlargebusinesseslookforwaystodisposeofchemicalwastematter.
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