阅读理解Passage1CoolPlacestoStayforCyclingAdventuresFromitsdustyeasternreachestoitsrivervalleysandlavaflows,Oregonattractsadventure-hungrybicyclists.AndtheOregonScenicBikewaysprogrammakesiteasytoexplore.Sopointyourwheelsdownoneoftheserouteschosentohighlightavarietyoflandscapes,skilllevelsanddistances.WillametteValleyScenicBikewayItsexciting:ridingpastfieldsofworld-classhops,rollingalonghillsdottedwithrowsofwinegrapes,leaningyourbikeoutsideasmallcafeataruralcrossroadsforastrongcupofcoffee.ThebountyofOregonisonfulldisplayasyoucyclethenationsfirstscenicbikeway,134milesdownarivervalleysnakingbetweentheCoastRangeandCascadeRange.OldWestScenicBikewayThe174-mileOldWestScenicBikewayweavesthroughrangeland,alongrushingriversandtowardanunendingdesert.Andaroundtheseparts,folksareknownfortheirput-your-feet-uphospitality.CascadeSiskiyouScenicBikewayThis55-mileroutestartsandendsinAshlandandincludes5,000feetofclimbing.Fromtown,youclimbthroughtropicalgrasslandintodeepforests.StayinAshland.Orturntherideintoanovernightrideandstayinacabininthewoods.McKenxiePassScenicBikewayThis38-milerouteclimbsthroughaforesttoa65-square-milelavaflowwith360-degreeviewsoftheCascadianVolcanoes.The25-mile,4,000-footdescenttotheMcKenzieRiverhasbrake-burningturnsthroughtheforest.Professionaltip:TheMeKenzieHighwayisclosedduringthewinter,butforseveralweeksbeforeitopenstocarsinthespring,theroadisonlymanagedfornon-motorizeduse.

阅读理解A generation gap has become a serious problem

阅读理解Passage1Questions11—15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Climatechangecanhappennaturallyorinresponsetohumanactivities,includingtheburningoffossilfuelsandclearingofforests.Burningfossilfuelscreatesgasesthattrapheatintheatmosphere.Infact,about90percentoftheheatisabsorbedbytheocean.Soitsreallyimportanttotracktheoceanswarming,saysJornCallies.HesanoceanographerattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.Trackinghowthatheataffectstheoceanisdificultbecauseofitsdepthandsize,though.Thismakesithardforscientiststounderstandlong-termchangesintemperature.InSeptember2020,Calliesandotherscientistsreportedanewwaytocheckthetemperatureoftheocean.Astemperatureaffectshowfastsoundtravels(soundtravelsfasterinwarmerwaterthancolderwater).Scientistsoriginallyproposedusingsoundsproducedbymachinestomeasureoceanwarming,butitwouldaffectmarineanimals.Whales,forexample,usesoundtocommunicate.Finally,Calliesandhisteamshowedtheycouldusethenaturalsoundsproducedbyearthquakeinstead.Fortheirstudy,thescientistslookedatdatafor2,000pairsofearthquakes.Eachpairofearthquakeshappenedinthesameplacebutatdifferenttimes.Whatdidthescientistsfind?Thesoundwavestraveledafewtenthsofasecondfasterinmorerecentquakesthaninolderones.Thisdifferencesuggestsawarmingtrendof0.04degreesCelsius(about0.08degreesFahrenheit)perdecade.Atinyamountofadegreemaynotsoundlikealot.Butitrepresentsahugeofheatthattheoceanabsorbed.Ittakesalotofheattochangethetemperatureofabodyofwateralmost3,200kilometers(2,000miles)wideandseveralkilometersdeep.However,Calliessaysitsnotthetimetoworryaboutthatyet.Theydontknowifthewarmingisonlyspecifictotheoneregion(EastIndianOcean)orifitshappeningelsewhere.Wejustdonthavethedatayet.hesays.

阅读理解Happiness, according to the Oxford English

阅读理解A photographer takes a picture of the Chinese

阅读理解Passage2Questions16—20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.WhenpeopleaskmehowIstartedwriting,IfindmyselfdescribinganurgentneedthatIfelttoworkwithlanguage.Havingsaidthat,IdidnotknowforalongtimewhatIwaslookingfor.ItwasnotuntilIfollowedthisfeelingtoitssourcethatIdiscoveredIhadapassionforwriting.Withsomeencouragementfrommycolleagues,Ihadoneofmypoemspublished.Thisbitofsuccess,however,wasthepointwheremyproblembegan.Backin1978,Ihadtotravelbetweenthreedifferentcampusesinthemorning,teachingfreshmancomposition.AfternoonsIspenttakingmydaughtertoherballetandhorse-ridinglessons.Icomposedmylecturesontheway,andthatwasallthethinkingtimeIhad.WhenIreturnedhome,therewasnotenoughofmeleftforwritingafterafullworkingday.Asawayout,Idecidedtogetuptwohoursbeforemyusualtime.Myalarmwassetfor5:00a.m.ThefirstdayIshutitoffbecauseIhadplaceditwithinarmsreach.TheseconddayIsettwoclocks,oneonmynighttable,andoneoutinthehallway.Ihadtojumpoutofbedandruntosilenceitbeforemyfamilywasawoken.Thiswaswhenmymorningwritingbegan.Sincethatfirstmorningin1978,Ihavebeenfollowingthehabittothisday,notmakingoracceptingmanyexcusesfornotwriting.Iwrotemypoemsinthismannerfornearlytenyearsbeforemyfirstbookwaspublished.WhenIdecidedtowriteanovel,Idividedmy,twohours:thefirstforpoetry,thesecondforfiction.Wellorbadly,Iwroteatleasttwopagesaday.Thisishowmynovel,TheLineoftheSun,wasfinished.IfIhadwaitedtohavethetime,Iwouldstillbewaitingtowritemynovel.WhatIgotoutofgettingupinthedarktoworkisthefeelingthatIamincontrol.Formanypeople,theinitialsenseofurgencytocreateeasilydiesawaybecauseitrequiresmakingthetoughdecision:takingthetimetocreate,stealingitfromyourselfifitstheonlyway.

阅读理解Passage1Questions11—15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Acreditcardcanbeuseful.Youcouldtakeitintoastoreandbuyatelevisionsetornewfurnitureorclothingoranythingyouwanted.Allyouwouldhavetodoistosignyournameandtakewhatyouwantedoutofthestorewithoutpayingcash.Butthereisaproblemwiththecards—theycanbefinancialpoison.Thesecardsarejustlikethepoisonsweuseoninsects.Ifweusethemcarefully,theycanbehelpful,butifweusethemtoomuch,theycankillus.Thesecardscankillusfinanciallyjustasrealpoisoncankillourbody.Foranymoneythattheuserdoesnotpayeachmonth,thecreditcardcompanychargesapercentageofthatamountininterest(利息).Theinterestisaddedeverymonth,soabillthatisnotpaidgetsbiggerandbigger.Over10percentofthefamiliesintheUnitedStatesareoverextended.Thatis,theyhavemoredebtsontheircreditcardsthantheycanpay.Creditcardscanbeusedforalmostanythingthatmoneycanbuy.Andtheycanevenbeusedtopayforfunerals.Forsomecreditcardusers,afuneralmaybetheonlysolutiontothedebtproblemstheyhavecausedforthemselvesbyusingcreditcards.

阅读理解Everytimeyouareonline,youmayfindpictures,articles,linksandvideostryingtotelltheirstories.1_____Somenewsspreadsquickly,andtheresultisfake(假的)news.Expertsinmediastudiesandonlinepsychologyhavebeenexaminingthefakenewsphenomenon.2_____Checkthesource.Lookatthewebsitewherethestorycomesfrom.Afakenewswebsitemayuseanaddressthatsoundslikearealnewspaper,butdoesnothavemanyrealstoriesaboutothertopics.3_____Manyfakenewsstoriesuseimagesfromunrelatedsites.Sometimes,ifyoujustlookcloselyatanimage,youcanseeifithasbeenchanged.Oruseasearchtooltoseeifthesameimagehasbeenusedinothercontexts.Checkthestoryinotherplaces.Trytoseeifthestoryyouarereadingisonothernewssitesthatyouknowandtrust.4_____Lookforothersigns.Thereareothertechniquesthatfakenewsuses.Forexample,lotsofadspopupwhenyouclickonalink.5_____Ifthenewsstorymakesyouangry,itisprobablydesignedtomakeyouangry.Ifyouknowthesethingsaboutonlinenews,andcanapplytheminyoureverydaylife,thenyouwillhavecontroloverwhattoread,whattobelieveandwhattoshare.

阅读理解Passage2Busyashissociallifewas,CharlesDickensworkedontwonovelsatthesametime—OliverTwistandThePickwickPapers.HewasparticularlyproudofThePickwickPapers,whichwasahugesuccessandwasregardedasacomicmasterpiece.IfIweretoliveahundredyearsandwritemanynovels,IshouldneverbesoproudofanyofthemasIamproudofThePickwickPapers,hesaid.ThesuccessofhisnovelsmadeDickensverypopular.Hesoonfoundhebecameoneofthemostfamousnovelistsofhisday.CharlesDickensgraspedtheimaginationofhisreadersbecausehisvividimaginationgraspedhimself.Thepeopleinhisworksweresorealthattheycouldmakehimlaughorcry.WhenwritingOliverTwist,hesaidthathecouldnotrestuntilFagin,thewrongdoer(做坏事的人),hadbeenhanged.DickensmarriagetoCatherineHogarth,withwhomhehadtenchildren,endedunhappilyin1858.Hestartedtotravelaroundandrecommendedhisworkstopeople.Hisinterestintheatersgavehisnovelsthequalitiesthatmadethemsuitableforbeingreadaloudonthestage.OnJune9th,1870,whenhewasworkingonanewnovel,hedied.AfterhisdeathhewasburiedinPoetsCorneratWestminsterAbbey.Histombstonereads:“Hewasasympathizertothepoor,thesufferingandtheoppressed;andbyhisdeath,oneofEnglandsgreatestwritersislosttotheworld.

阅读理解Whatsmoreimportanttoyou,money,acomfortablelife,orself-respect?Manypeoplebelievethatwearelivinginanagewherevaluesareindecline.Theysaythatastandardformoralityhasbeen21________byself-interest.Somepeopleeven22________thepeopleofthisearthwillsoonbepunishedandthatdisasterswilldestroymuchofthecivilizationtoday.Mostdisagreewithsuch23________,buttheydothinkthatitistimetostopourexcessiveways.Anon-religiouswomanfromCaliforniacommented,Idobelievethatamoral24________shouldguideouractions.Wesharethisplanetandweneedtokeepthevalueslike25________andtreateachotherwithrespect.Thereisasignificantneedforeachinhabitantofthisworldtotakeagoodlookathowtheyarebehaving.AnothermanfromNewYorksaid,Itsenoughtobeagoodpersoninyourheart.Wehaveto26________ourgoodintentionsthroughourgoodactions.Thereisplentyof27________outthere.Itoftencausespeopletogiveinto28________insteadofdoingwhatisright.Ihavefaiththatifpeoplejuststartfollowingtheir29________insteadofwhatseasy,thingswillimprove.Weareallgoingtobefacedwithsome30________decisions.Ithinkwerereadyforthechallenge,though.

阅读理解Every profession, every art, and every

阅读理解It is thought that crying is hardly an

阅读理解Passage1Whowantstocarryabulkyschoolbagtoschool?Nochildren.Nobodywantsoneshouldertobelowerthantheother,andpainfultoo.InIndia,mostofthepeoplewouldlookatthereductionoftextbooksasawayout.ButinacountrylikeAmerica,therearealwaysmorechoices.AcompanyhascreatedaschoolbagcalledgoReaderwhichisthesizeofalaptopcomputer,weighingabout2.5kg.ThegoReaderhasacolorscreenandcanholdallthetextbooksthatastudentmayneed,saysareportinTheAsianAgenewspaper.ThecompanyplanstoworkcloselywiththepublishersoftextbookssothatthesetextbookscanbesuppliedontheInternet.Allthatstudentswillhavetodoisdownloadtheirtextbooks.Makingnotesandmarkingimportantpartsofalessoncanbedonejustaslotsofstudentshavedoneontheirtextbooksbefore.Atpresent,theplanisbeingtestedoutinauniversity.RichardKatzmann,theownerofthecompany,ishavinghisinventiontestedatDePaulUniversityinChicago,wherehestudied.Doesthatmeanitisgoodbyetothepaper,andthesmelloftheblackink?

阅读理解Who are these people rushing by you in the

阅读理解Everyone has got two personalities—the one

阅读理解Thehumanbodycantolerateonlyasmallrangeoftemperature,especiallywhenthepersonisengagedinvigorousactivity.Heat1________usuallyoccurwhenlargeamountsofwaterand/orsaltarelostthroughoversweatingfollowingexhaustingexercise.Whenthebodybecomesoverheatedandcannot2________thisoverheat,heatexhaustionandheatstrokearepossible.Heatexhaustionisgenerally3________bysweatyskin,tiredness,sickness,dizziness,plentifulsweating,andsometimesfainting,resultingfroma(n)4________intakeofwaterandthelossoffluids.Firstaidtreatmentforthisconditionincludeshavingthevictimliedown,5________thefeet8to12inches,applyingcool,wetclothstotheskin,andgivingthevictimsipsofsaltwater(1teaspoonperglass,halfaglassevery15minutes)overa1-hourperiod.Heatstrokeismuchmoreserious;itisa(n)6________life-threateningsituation.Thecharacteristicsofheatstrokeareahighbodytemperature(whichmayreach106°Forhigher);arapidpulse;hot,dryskinandablockedsweating7________.Victimsofthisconditionmaybeunconscious,andfirst-aidmeasuresshouldbe8________atquicklycoolingthebody.Thevictimshouldbeplacedinatubofcoldwateror9________spongedwithcoolwateruntilhisorhertemperatureissufficientlylowered.Fansorairconditionerswillalsohelpwiththecooling10________.Careshouldbetaken,however,nottoover-chillthevictimoncethetemperatureisbelow102°F.

阅读理解Passage2Questions16—20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ItissometimesjokinglysaidthatyoumayskipamealadaywithoutanyadverseeffectbutskipusingyourWeChatforanhourandyouwillfeeldistinctlyunwell.Itisanacknowledgementofthefactthattheappisnolongeronlyafuntoolbutanessentialpartoflifeformillions.LaunchedinJanuary2011,thismessaging,socialmediaandmobilepaymentapptodayhasmorethan1billionindividualusers.Peopleuseitforeverything,fromapplyingforabusinesslicensetobookingahospitalappointment,keepingupwithfamilyandfriends,shoppingandpayingbills—activitiesthatarepartandparcelofoureverydaylife.Whenitwasfirstintroduced,WeChatwasonlyanappsupportingvoice,video,pictureandtextmessagesbetweentwopersonsoramongagroup.Buttodayithasbecomeubiquitous.Inthepast,peoplecarriedtheirwalletandkeyswiththemwherevertheywent;today,asmartphonewithWeChatinstalledisalltheyneedindailylife.ItsfunctionslikeMomentsandminiprogramsandtheofficialWeChataccountsofgovernmentagenciesandcompanieshavemadecommunicationandpublicservicesaccessibleandconvenientlikeneverbefore.WeChatisalsowidelyusedbyenterprises.FiguresfromTencentshowtherearearound15millionWeChatoficialaccounts,whichenjoy5billionfollowers.MostbusinessesusetheirWeChatgroupsasastandardmarketingkit.Thishasimmenselyreducedadvertising,marketingandcommunicationcosts,andinthebackgroundofthenovelcoronavirusdisease,madeoperationsfaster,contactlessandsafe.However,thereareconcernsaboutthedownsidesofWeChat,suchasaddictionamongprimaryschoolchildren.EquallyseriousisthemisuseofWeChatforfraudorinstigatingcrimes.However,ithastobekeptinmindthatthesefalloutsarenotreallythefaultofWeChat,butduetothemisuseoftheapp.Ifwelearntotemperouruseofmessagingappswithprudence(谨慎)andpragmatism(实用主义),wecouldbelookingforwardtoyetnewconveniencesandexperienceinthisdecadewiththerapiddevelopmentof5Gtechnologyandartificialintelligence.Ultimately,thechoiceisours,whethertouseWeChatoranyothernewinvention,wiselyorwantonly.

阅读理解Counterfeit medications are a widespread

阅读理解Passage2Questions16—20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thepaceoftodaysworkinglifeblurs(使模糊)thelinebetweenpersonaltimeandworktime,anditincreasinglymixespersonallifestyleandworkstyle.Andascompaniesaretryinghardtoattractandkeepyoungpeoplefortheirtechnicalskillsandenthusiasmforchange,officecultureisbecominganextensionofyouthculture.Thismaybenobadthing.Formostofhumanhistorythemiddle-agedhaveruled,butinthefuture,theywillhavetosharepowerwithfresh-facedyouths.Therehavebeenanumberofreasonsforthischangeandthemostdramaticoftheseistechnology.Childrenhavealwaysbeenmoreexpertthantheirparentsatsomething,butusuallyagameorafashion,notthecenturysmostimportantbusinesstool.TheInternethasstartedthefirstindustrialrevolutioninhistorytobeledbytheyoung.Thoughtherehavebeenyouthrevolutionsbefore,noneofthemmadeabigchangethewaytheInternethas.Throughoutthe20thcentury,ifayoungpersonwantedtoenteranAmericancompanytheyneededtoleavetheiryouthbehind.Theygotahaircut,andprobablyasuitoratleastatie.Nowthesamehair,sameclothes,evennearlythesamehoursapplytoofficeandhome.IfithadnotbeenfortheInternet,thischangecouldnothavehappened.However,itdidnothappenbecauseoftheInternetonly;thecorporaterestructuringsofthe1980sand90sbrokedowntraditionalhierarchies(等级制度).Inmanycompanies,seniority-based(基于资历的)hierarchieshavebeenreplacedbyhierarchiesbasedonperformance.Theabilitiestopleaseyoursuperiorsarenolongerthemostvaluedskills.Todaysemployeesstaywithcompaniesonlyaslongastheyfeelchallengedandrewarded;movingfromjobtojobisnowasignofambition.Theriseoftheyoungisagoodthing,becauseitgivesthemmoreopportunitytoputtheirideasandenergyintopracticeattheirmostcreativestageinlife.Nowadaysyouthandyouthqualitiesseemtodominate,buttheexperienceandmaturityofolderemployeesshouldbeputtogooduse,too.

阅读理解Passage1Surveysaboutfreshmentelluswhymoststudentsgotocollege:88%wantabetterchanceforagoodjob,and81%wanttoberichandwealthy.However,moststudentstodaycannotreachthesegoals.Onecarefulstudyhasdiscoveredthattheundergraduatesarespendinglesstimeonstudy—fromabout25hoursperweekintheearly1960stobelow15hourstoday.Studyingalsoleadstobettercollegegrades.Tohavebettergradesmeanshigherchancesofbecomingrichandwealthy.Onestudyof20,000alumni(校友)15yearsaftertheirgraduationfoundthefollowingresults.Thosewhowereinthetopthirdoftheclassearnedalotmorethanthoseinthemiddlethird.Themiddlethirdearnedmorethanclassmatesinthebottomthird.Notsurprisingly,thosewhosegradeswerenotgoodatcollegewishedtheyhadstudiedmoreinschool.Whetherstudentsshouldstudyaloneorwithothersismorecomplicated.Iftheteachersleaveproblemsforstudentstosolve,groupstudyisoftenhelpfulifstudentsfirsttrytostudybythemselves.Butsimplygettingtogetherwithclassmateswithoutfirststudyingaloneseemsbadforlearning.Inchoosingcourses,manystudentspreferclasseswithalittlehomeworkandeasygrading.Yettakinghardercourseswithlongerreadingsandmorepapershelpstoincreaselearning.Incollege,therewillstillbeplentyoftimeforfun.Onceagain,however,researchersfindthatnotalloutsideactivitiesaregood.Ingeneral,activities,suchasparticipatinginstudentorganizationsandtalkingwithclassmatescanbemorefruitful.Lastbutnotleast,collegeisawonderfulplacetohavenewinterests,enrichyourexperience,andsetyourgoals.Indoingso,youmightthinkagainaboutwhetherbeingrichandwealthyshouldbeyourmainreasonforstudyingincollege.Accordingtoseveralinvestigators,moneyseekersareusuallylesssatisfiedwiththeirlives.Maybetheyaremorelikelytoneglectthingsthataremoreimportant,suchasfamily,friendsandwork.