阅读理解Passage1TheChinesepaddlefish(白鲟)—Chinaslargestfreshwaterfish—isreportedtohavebeenextinct.Scientistssaythepaddlefish,alsocalledtheChineseswordfish,isbelievedtohavealineage(家系)datingbackatleast150millionyears.Withitslongnoseandmouth,thepaddlefishcouldgrowaslongassevenmeters.ButaresearchpaperrecentlypublishedinScienceoftheTotalEnvironmentreportedthepaddlefishwasalreadyextinct.ThepapershowedthatthefishwasnotabletosurvivebecauseofwidespreadoverfishinganddamagetonaturalenvironmentintheYangtzeRiver.Researchersdiscovered332differentspeciesoffishintheYangtzeRiverin2017and2018.ButtheydidnotfindasingleChinesepaddlefish.Theyguessedthefishdisappearedbetween2005and2010.TheextinctionoftheChinesepaddlefishisahugelosstonature.PanWenjingisaforestandoceanexpertofGreenpeaceEastAsia.TheecologyoftheYangtzeRiverhasbeenalmostinruinsduetohumanactivityinthepastdecades,Pansaid.ShestressedthatChinahadtakenmeasurestoimprovetheYangtzesenvironment,includinga10-yearbanonfishing.Aftertheextinctionwasreportedinthenews,someChinesemediaandInternetuserstookalookbackatthelargecreature.ItappearedthatmanypeoplehadnotheardoftheChinesepaddlefishbeforeitsextinctionwasannounced.EverytimeIseethenewsofanotherspeciesgoingextinct,myheartstartstoache,oneWeibouserwrote.Humansshouldnotlivealoneonthisplanet,theuseradded.
阅读理解Passage2Questions16—20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Researchersstudyinganimalbehaviourhaverecentlystartednoticingsomethingunusual.Someanimalswereobservedtobeeatingplantsthatarenotpartoftheirnormaldietandhavenonutritionalvalue.Theyatetheseplantsatonlysometimesoftheyearwhileotheranimalsinthegroupdidnoteatthesameplants.Whatcanaccountforthisoddbehaviour?Theresearchersbelievethattheseanimalsaregivingthemselvesmedicine.Theseplantscanmaketheanimalsfeelbetter,killparasites(寄生虫)oraidindigestion.Manydifferentanimalshavebeenobservedactinginthisway.SomechimpsinanaturereserveinTanzaniahadparasiteswhichcausedthemstomachupsets.Theywereseenchewingandswallowingtheleavescontainingspecialmedicines.Theseleaveswereroughwithsharpspikesstickingout.Scientiststhinkthattheseroughleaveswereeatentocleanouttheinsidesofthechimpsstomachssothattheparasiteswouldbekilled.Otherexamplesofanimalsself-medicatingincludelizardswhichrespondtothebiteofavenomous(有毒的)snakebyeatingaspecialrootthatcancounter(对抗)thepoison,andmacawbirds(金刚鹦鹉)thateatclaytoaidindigestionandkillbacteria.Pregnantelephantshavebeenknowntoeattheleavesofsometreesasawayofspeedingupthedeliveryoftheirbabies.Howdidanimalslearnthisbehaviour?Themostobviousansweristhatanimalslearntbyexperience.Forexample,agorillaoncefeltill,atesomeleavesandthenfeltbetterthenextday.Itrememberedthisandpassedonthisinformationtotherestofthegroupanditschildren.Butwhataboutcreaturesthatarelessintelligent?Scientistsstudyingthemonarchbutterfly(黑脉金斑蝶)noticedthatsomehealthybutterflieslaideggsonthemilkweedplantwhichhasanti-parasiteproperties.Theseeggsproducedstronghealthybutterfliescomparedtotheoneshatchedonplantsthatdonothavesuchmedicinalbenefits.Overtimetheweakerbutterfliesproducedfewereggsandthehealthybutterfliesthrived(茁壮成长).Thisisanexampleofnaturalselection.Ifwecanlearnfromanimalsusingplantstohealandprotectthemselvesnaturally,wetoomightgainmedicinalbenefits.
阅读理解SectionB(20points)Self-confidencegivesushope.Itisaservantwhogivesitsmasterlightwhenheisinthedark.Anditisencouragementwhenapersonis21______.Apersonisafoolifhethinksthatheisunabletocarryoutadifficulttaskwhileothersdonotfindit22______.Itisneither23______norextraordinaryabilitythatgivesusthepowertodealwithandovercomewhatever24______wemeet.Intruthitisthemagicofself-trustthat25______uswithbravery.Somepeoplefindmostthingsimpossiblebecausetheydonottrusttheirownability.Actually,theyhavetheabilitytomakethemselvessuccessful,butitisa26______thattheydonotbelieveinthemselves.Peopleofthiskindaremorefoolishthanthosewhoactuallycannot27______thework.Thisison28______oftheirignorance.Peoplewhocant.doajobarepardonable,butthosewhodonotbelieveinthemselves29______noexcuse.Inshort,successwillnotcometothedoorofapersonwhothinksheisnotworthyenoughtoacceptit.Onthe30______,failurewouldbehislifecompanion.Thisiswhyapersonoughttobelieveinhimself.
阅读理解Passage1Questions11—15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Acouplewereshockedafterathiefwhostoletheirweddingrings15yearsagoreturnedthem,longwithanapologyletter.ThefourgoldringsdisappearedfromtheRiphagenfamilyshomewhentheir16-year-olddaughter,Margot,threwahousepartyin1998.Buttheyhavenowbeenreunitedwiththebelongingsafterthekidstolethem.Themysterythieftrackeddownthecouplethroughtheirdaughter,wholivesinPortland,Oregon,andpostedtheringsbackwiththetouchingletter.Ahand-writtennotemadeitswaytoMr.andMrs.Riphagen.IamwritingyoutoapologizeforbeinginpossessionofsomethingIamsureyoutrulyvalueandmiss,thepersonwrotebeforeexplainingthatheorshetooktheringsfromthefamilyshomemanyyearsago.IrecentlyfoundtheseringswhilecleaningandIwantedtomakesuretoreturnthemasImsuretheyweremisseddearly,thethiefwenton.“IhopeyouaretherightRiphagenfamily.TheringsthatwerestolenincludedthemothersweddingringandaringMr.Ripbagengavehiswifewhentheirfirstchildwasborn.Thethiefalsomadeoffwithonesetofgrandparentsweddingbandsthathadbeenintendedforthechildren.Thepersonwentontheletter.Again,Iamtrulysorryforanypain,heartachethatmyactionsmayhavecausedyourfamily.Ihopethatyoucanfinditinyourheartstoforgiveme.Thefamilywasthrilledtohavetheringsback,evenaftersuchalongtime.Theydontreallycarewhosentit,certainlydontwanttoseekoutwhodidit,andarejustgratefultohavethesethingsback.MargotRiphagentoldtheHuffingtonPostshewasshockedwhenthetreasuredpossessionsturnedup.
阅读理解What is the greatest【B1】______of being alive?
阅读理解Idliketodiscusswithyouthesecretsofgoodconversation.Whensomeonetellsyouthatyouhavetogiveaspeech,your21________maybeTheresnowayImgoingtodothat!”Butitsimportanttorememberthatspeechesarelikeanythingelseinlife,theresalwaysafirsttime.Herearesomekeysofbeinga22________speaker.Theyare23________onmyownexperienceandothergoodspeakers.Lookatyour24________.Itisveryimportanttomakeeye25.Besuretolookupfromyourtextornotes:Eachtimeyoulookupfromyourtext,lookatadifferentpartoftheaudience,sothewholegroupfeelstheyarebeing26________.Standupstraight.Itdoesntmeanthatyouhaveto27________astraightposture(姿势),butstandinacomfortable,naturalway,ratherthanbendingoverthelectern(讲台).Ifthereisamicrophoneinfrontofyou,28________ittotherightheight,ratherthanforcingyourselftostoop(俯身，弯腰)duringthespeech.Talknormallyintothemicrophone.Ifyouspeakatahigh29________intoit,youwillactuallybehardertohear.Andbecarefultokeepyourmouthinthe30________ofthemicrophone;dontturnawaytoansweraquestionfromtheside.Donotspeakinadulltonethatwillputyouraudiencetosleep,especiallyifyouaretalkingafteraheavymeal.
阅读理解A. The volcano grew and grew for ten years
阅读理解Passage2Questions16—20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Trafficlights,ortrafficsignals,arelocatedonmostmajorcornersincitiesandtownsaroundtheworld.Thered,yellowandgreenlightsletusknowwhenitissafetodrivethroughtheintersection(十字路口)andwhentowalkacrossthestreetaswellaswhentostopandletotherdrivers,bikersandpedestrianstaketheirturnstocontinueontheirway.Trafficjamswereaproblemevenbeforetheinventionoftheautomobile.Horse-drawncarriagesandpedestrianscrowdedtheroadsofLondoninthe1860s.ABritishrailwaymanager,JohnPeakeKnight,suggestedadaptingarailroadmethodforcontrollingtraffic.Railroadsusedasemaphore(信号)systemwithsmallarmsextendingfromapoletoindicatewhetheratraincouldpassornot.InKnightsadaptation,semaphoreswouldsignal“stopandgoduringtheday,andatnightredandgreenlightswouldbeused.Gaslampswouldlightupthesignatnight.Apoliceofficerwouldbestationednexttothesignalstooperatethem.TheworldsfirsttrafficsignalwasinstalledonDec.9,1868,attheintersectionofBridgeStreetandGreatGeorgeStreetintheLondonboroughofWestminster,neartheHousesofParliamentandtheWestminsterBridge.ItwasasuccessandKnightpredictedmorewouldbeinstalled.However,onlyonemonthlater,apoliceofficercontrollingthesignalwasbadlyinjuredwhenaleakinagasmaincausedoneofthelightstoexplodeinhisface.Theprojectwasdeclaredapublichealthhazardandimmediatelydropped.Followingtheaccident,aboutfourdecadespassedbeforetrafficsighnalsbegantogrowinpopularityagain,mainlyintheUnitedStatesasmoreautomobileshittheroad.Theearly1900ssawseveralpatentsbeingfield,eachwithadifferentinnovationtothebasicidea.Thefirstelectrictrafficlightusingredandgreen.lightswasinventedin1912byLesterFarnsworthWire,apoliceofficerinSaltLakeCity,Utah.Wirestrafficsignalresembledafour-sidedbird-housemountedonatallpole.Itwasplacedinthemiddleofanintersectionandwaspoweredbyoverheadtrolleywires.Apoliceofficerhadtomanuallyswitchthedirectionofthelights.
阅读理解Passage1Questions11—15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ShakespearewroteinhisgreatplayHamlet,“Brevity(简洁)isthesoulofwit.”Butitseemsthatnoteveryoneagreeswiththis.Microbloghascanceledits140-characterlimitforposts,meaninguserscannowwriteasmanywordsastheylike.AndnowTwitter,aUSsocialmediasitethatssimilartoMicroblog,alsoannouncedthatitplanstodoubleitscharacterlimitfrom140to280.Twitterhasitsreasonsforthechanges.Itsapaintohavetoedityourthoughtstolessthan140characterswhenyouhavesomuchtosay.AndabigproblemforEnglishwritersisthatitrequiresmorespacethancharacter-basedlanguagessuchasChinesetoexpressthesamething.AccordingtoTheAtlantic,whiletheaverageEnglish-languagetweetis34characters,aJapaneseone,forexample,isonly15.Butstill,Twitterusersdontseemtobehappywiththenewmove.Ourreadinghabitshavechangedovertime,andwereusedtokeepinguptodatewithwhatshappeningintheworldbyreadingjustacoupleoflinesoftext.Forthis,140charactersaremorethanenough.“Microblogsarealmostalwaysfasterandmoreefficientthantelevision,radio,newspapers,oranyothersource,wroteDomKnight,areporterforTheGuardian.Itslikegatheringinthetownsquare...inaninstant.”Tryingtofityourthoughtsintoalimitedspaceisalsoagoodwaytocomeupwithsmartcomments,whichiswhymicroblogsareoftenwherethebesthumorisfound.Forexample,duringformerUSPresidentDonaldTrumpselectioncampaignin2016,aTwitteruserwrote:IfTrumpcanseriouslywinthepresidencyofthisnation,Idontwanttoseeajobdescriptionwithexperiencerequiredeveragain.”Andanotherwrote:England:NothingcanbemoreembarrassingthanBrexit.America:Watchthis.Thesetweetsexpressedpeoplesupsetlouderandquickerthananylongarticlesevercould.SoperhapsweshouldpayattentiontoShakespeareswords.Afterall,heonlyneeded27characterstomakehisfamouspoint.
阅读理解Driving a car at high speed along a highway
阅读理解Passage2Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthat,likeanimals,treescommunicatewitheachotherandtransmittheirwealthtothenextgeneration?UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarecompetingforsurvivalofthefittest,Simardshowsjusthowwronghewas.Infact,theoppositeistrue:treessurvivethroughtheircooperationandsupport,passingaroundnecessarynutritiondependingonwhoneedsit.Nitrogen(氮)andcarbonaresharedthroughmilesofundergroundfungi(真菌)networks,makingsurethatalltreesintheforestecologicalsystemgiveandreceivejusttherightamounttokeepthemallhealthy.Thishiddensystemworksinaverysimilarwaytothenetworksofneurons(神经元)inourbrains,andwhenonetreeisdestroyed,itaffectsall.Simardtalksaboutmothertrees,usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.Sheexplainshowdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgeneration,transportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow.Whenhumanscutdownmothertreeswithnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplextreesocietiesorthenetworksonwhichtheyfeed,wearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfortheentireforest.Wedidnttakeanynoticeofit,Simardsayssadly.Dyingtreesmovenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedying,butwenevergivethemachance.”Ifwecouldputacrossthemessagetotheforestryindustry,wecouldmakeahugedifferencetowardsourenvironmentalprotectioneffortsforthefuture.
阅读理解Itisestimatedthatabout40percentoftheworldspopulationusesocialmedia,andalargenumberofsocialmediauserslookuptoinfluencerstodecidewhattobuy.TheseinfluencersarenowplayinganimportantroleinachievingthegoalofeliminatingpovertyinChina.Whatisaninfluencerandhowdoesapersonbecomeone?Aninfluencerisapersonwhocaninfluencethedecisionsoffollowersbecauseoftherelationshipwiththeaudienceandhisorherknowledgeinaparticulararea.Influencersoftenhavealargefollowingofpeoplewhopaycloseattentiontotheirviews.Theyhavethepowertopersuadepeopletobuythings,andinfluencersarenowseenbymanycompaniesasadirectwaytocustomershearts.Someagriculturalcompaniesalsoaskpowerfulinfluencerstomarkettheirproducts.AccordingtoareportfromChinaDaily,inaneventtargetedathelpingpovertyreduction,influencersattractedmorethan930,000viewers.Morethan45,000kilogramsofagriculturalproducts,atatotalvalueof400,000yuan,wereorderedwithinafewhours.Sucheventshaveencouragedmoreandmorepeopletobecomeinfluencers.Herearefivetipsonhowtodoit.Chooseyouridealarea.Whatistheareathatyouknowmostabout?Whatdoyoufeelmostexcitedtotalkabout?Findthespecificareathatyouaremostinterestedinanddevelopit.Chooseyourmediumandwriteaninterestingbio(个人简介).Mostinfluencersthesedaysarebloggersandmicro-bloggers.Thebestwaytoconnectwithyourfollowersistodecidewhichmediumyoushoulduse,suchasyourownonlineblog,WeChatorTikTok.Whenyouhavedonethat,writeanattention-grabbingbiothatdescribesyouandtheareasthatyouknowalotinaninterestinganduniqueway.Makesurethatpeoplewhoreadyourbiowillfollowyou.Postregularlyandcontinually.Manyinfluencerspostdailyontheirsocialmediaaccounts.Themoreyoupost,themorelikelypeoplewillfollowyou.Also,ensurethatyoukeeppostingandfollowingaspecifictopic.Tellaninterestingstory.Whetheritisaphotooracommentthatyouareposting,useittotellastorythatwillcatchtheattentionofyourfollowersandhelpthemconnectwithyou.Makesurepeoplecaneasilyfindyourcontents.Postthemonavarietyofsocialmedia,use“#”andcatchytitlesandmakesurethattheycanbeeasilyfound.Moreover,ifyouwanttobecomeasocialmediainfluencer,youneedtohavepatience.
单选题I prefer to stay at home rather than_________on National Day.
单选题Breathing equipment is used __________protecting firemen from smoke.
单选题[此试题无题干]
单选题Cars are an important part of life in the United States. Without a car, most people feel that they are poor. And even if a person is poor, he doesn’t feel really poor when he has a car. Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn’t know how much the car was going to change American culture. The car made the United States a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today. There are three main reasons why the car became so popular in the United States. First of all, the country is a big one and Americans like to move around it. The car makes the travel the most comfortable and cheapest. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money. The second reason why cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed a practical and cheap public travel system. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Now there is a good system of air service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used often. The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don’t like waiting for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don’t like to have to follow an exact timetable. A car gives them the freedom to plan their own time. And this is the freedom that Americans want most to have. Less oil has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real answer will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much oil.
单选题Passage 1 Some people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sportswomen kills the essence of sport—the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they will become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself, and he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for the entire nation’s hopes, dreams and reputation. A good example is the FIFA World Cup. Football is the third most important sport in the world. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention Argentina to someone and the chances are that he’ll think of football. In a sense,winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map. Some sports fans and supporters get quite unreasonable about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport? Certainly not! Do the Argentinean really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others? Not really. But it’s nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best. What is the author’s main purpose in the passage?
单选题From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes comes from______.
单选题According to the second paragraph, being “lazy” is good for ______.
单选题To understand what true happiness is one must ______.