阅读理解Passage 4 EDUCATING PSYCHE Educating Psyche by Beraie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning

阅读理解Passage F The standard of living of any country means the average persons share of the goods and services which the country produces

阅读理解Text 4 In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of the inadequacies of the judicial system in the United States

阅读理解Passage F The standard of living of any country means the average persons share of the goods and services which the country produces

阅读理解For some time past it has been widely accepted that babiesand other creatureslearn to do things because certain acts lead to rewards, and there is no reason to doubt that this is true

阅读理解Passage 5 Anyone who thinks exploration always involves long journeys should have his head examined

阅读理解PASSAGE FOUR With technology leased from the German company Tronical, Gibson has modified its classic Les Paul design to create a guitar that adjusts itself to one of six preset tunings

阅读理解Passage 9 Now, Alexander was in Corinth to take command of the League of Greek States which after conquering them，his father Philip had created as a disguise for the New Macedonian Order

阅读理解Passage One Hooked On Anger When There Was Good Reason, Now We Cant Shake The Habit Anger has become the national habit

阅读理解Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and write down your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage 2Many private institutions of higher education around the country are in danger. Not all will be saved, and perhaps not all deserve to be saved. There are low-quality schools just as there are low-quality businesses. We have no obligation to save them simply because they exist. But many thriving institutions that deserve to continue are threatened. They are doing a fine job educationally, but they are caught in a financial difficulty, with no way to reduce rising costs or increase revenues significantly. Raising tuition doesn’t bring in more revenue, for each time tuition goes up, the enrollment goes down, or the amount that must be given away in student aid goes up. Schools are bad businesses, whether public or private, not usually because of bad management but because of the nature of the enterprise. They lose money on every customer, and they can go bankrupt either from too few students or too many students. Even a very good college is a very bad business.It is such colleges, thriving but threatened, that I worry about. Low enrollment is not their chief problem. Even with full enrollments, they may go under. Efforts to save them, and preferably to keep them private, are a national necessity. There is no basis for arguing that private schools are bound to be better than public schools. There are abundant examples to the contrary. Anyone can name state universities and colleges that rank as the finest in the nation and the world. It is now inevitable that public institutions will be dominant, and therefore diversity is a national necessity. Diversity in the way we support schools tends to give us a healthy diversity in the forms of education. In an imperfect society such as ours, uniformity of education throughout the nation could be dangerous. In an imperfect society, diversity is a positive good. Eager supporters of public higher education know the importance of sustaining private higher education.

阅读理解Passage 1 Poland, once a backward agricultural country, is quickly becoming an economic powerhouse in Central Europe

阅读理解Passage 4 A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading

阅读理解Passage 2 Mind over matter is an English saying meaning that we can control our bodies with our minds

阅读理解In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning

阅读理解Passage A Hot boning is an energy saving technique for the processing industry

阅读理解I made a mental note that they were infertile

阅读理解Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and write down your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1A variety of simple techniques can prevent computer crime, but more sophisticated methods are also necessary to prevent computer crimes.One technique to protect confidentiality is encryption(加密). Information can be scrambled and unscrambled using mathematical equations and a secret code called a key. Two keys are usually employed, one to encode and the other to decode the information. The key that encodes the data, called the private key, is possessed by only the sender. The key that decodes the data, called the public key, may be possessed by several receivers. The keys are modified periodically, further hampering unauthorized access and making the encrypted information difficult to decode or forge.Another technique to prevent computer crime is to limit access of computer data files to approved users. Access- control software verifies computer users and limits their privileges to view and alter files. Records can be made of the files accessed, thereby making users accountable for their actions. Military organizations give access rights to classified, confidential, secret, or top secret information according to the corresponding security clearance level of the user. Passwords are confidential sequences of characters that give approved users access to computers. To be effective, passwords must be difficult to guess. Effective passwords contain a mixture of characters and symbols that are not real words.Tokens are tamper-resistant plastic cards with microprocessor chips that contain a stored password that automatically and frequently changes. When a computer is accessed using a token, the computer reads the token’s password, as well as another password entered by the user, and matches these two to an identical token password generated by the computer and the user’s password, which is stored on a confidential list. In the future, passwords and tokens may be reinforced by biometrics (生物测定学), identification methods that use unique personal characteristics, such as fingerprints, skin oils, voice variations, and keyboard-typing rhythms.Computer networks, multiple computers linked together, are particularly vulnerable to computer crimes. Information on networks can be protected by a firewall, a computer placed between the networked computers and the network. The firewall prevents unauthorized users from gaining access to the computers on a network, and it ensures that information received from an outside source does not contain computer viruses, self-replicating computer programs that interfere with a computer’s functions.

阅读理解Text 2 A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous and helpful most Americans were to them

阅读理解Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems

阅读理解If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems