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问答题NOTE: Clearly state any assumptions and show all workings clearly. Your answer should be structured around the following main headings: turnover; cost of sales; gross profit; indirect expenses; net operating profit. However, in discussing each of these areas you should also refer to the non-financial performance indicators, where relevant. (20 marks)

问答题1.SecureNet(SN)manufacturesecuritycardsthatrestrictaccesstogovernmentownedbuildingsaroundtheworld.Thestandardcostfortheplasticthatgoesintomakingacardis$4perkgandeachcarduses40gofplasticafteranallowanceforwaste.InNovember100,000cardswereproducedandsoldbySNandthiswaswellabovethebudgetedsalesof60,000cards.Theactualcostoftheplasticwas$5·25perkgandtheproductionmanager(whoisresponsibleforallbuyingandproductionissues)wasaskedtoexplaintheincrease.Hesaid‘Worldoilpriceincreasespushedupplasticpricesby20%comparedtoourbudgetandIalsodecidedtouseadifferentsupplierwhopromisedbetterqualityandincreasedreliabilityforaslightlyhigherprice.Iknowwehaveoverspentbutnotalltheincreaseinplasticpricesismyfault’Theactualusageofplasticpercardwas35gpercardandagaintheproductionmanagerhadanexplanation.Hesaid‘Theworld-widestandardsizeforsecuritycardsincreasedby5%duetoachangeinthecardreadertechnology,however,ournewsupplierprovidedmuchbetterqualityofplasticandthishelpedtocutdownonthewaste.’SNoperatesajustintime(JIT)systemandhencecarriesverylittleinventory.Required:

问答题(b)The first phase of production has now been completed for the new car seat. The first unit actually took 12·5 hours to make and the total time for the first eight units was 34·3 hours, at which point the learning effect came to an end. Chair Co are planning on adjusting the price to reflect the actual time it took to complete the 8th unit. Required: (i) Calculate the actual rate of learning and state whether this means that the labour force actually learnt more quickly or less quickly than expected. (3 marks) (ii) Briefly explain whether the adjusted price charged by Chair Co will be higher or lower than the price you calculated in part (a) above. You are NOT required to calculate the adjusted price.(2 marks)

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问答题(d) Discuss the view that ‘there is no longer a place for incremental budgeting in any organisation, particularly public sector ones,’ highlighting any drawbacks of zero-based budgeting that need to be considered. (8 marks)

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