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丝绸之路 (the Silk Road)是中国古代的一条 商业贸易路线 (trade route)。丝绸之路以古代中国的政治、经济、文化中心——古都长安为起点，一直延伸至中亚、北非和欧洲。它最初的作用是出口中国生产的丝绸。随着时间的推移，丝绸之路逐渐变成了一条连接东西方的主要道路，促进了东西方的经济文化交流。后来，有学者把所有沟通中西方的商路统称为丝绸之路。

国画是汉族的传统绘画形式，是用毛笔蘸水、墨、彩作画于绢(silken cloth)或纸上。工具和材料有毛笔、墨、颜料(pigment)、宣纸(rice paper)、绢等，题材可分人物、山水、花鸟等，技法可分具象和写意。中国画在内容和艺术创作上，体现了古人对自然、社会及与之相关联的政治、哲学、宗教、道德、文艺等方面的认知。

大熊猫被称为“中国国宝(China’s national treasure)”，是中国特有的动物。大熊猫外表黑白相间，体型肥胖，是一种温驯可爱的动物。它们主要生活在中国西南地区，80％以上分布于四川境内。它们习惯居住在温暖潮湿的环境中，喜欢吃竹类。由于生育率低，对生活环境的要求又相当高，它们的数量越来越少。中国政府早已意识到这一问题的严重性，所以做出了很多努力来保护这一濒危物种。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should We Tell White Lies? following the outline given below．You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words． 1．诚实是传统美德，但有时候不得不说善意的谎言 2．善意的谎言该不该说，请给出适当的理由

饺子(Jiaozi)是人们在中国新年及北方常年吃的主要食物之一。饺子的发音听起来与最早的纸币的名字相似，所以吃饺子被认为会带来幸运。很多家庭在除夕夜吃饺子。有些厨师会藏一枚干净的硬币，让幸运的人找到它。常见的饺子肉馅包括猪肉、牛肉、鸡肉以及鱼肉，这些肉馅通常会与切碎的蔬菜混合在一起。吃饺子时拌有包含醋、大蒜或辣椒酱(hot sauce)的以酱油(soy sauce)为基础的沾酱(dipping sauce)。

BPart Ⅳ Translation/B

《红楼梦》共计120回，前80回的作者是曹雪芹，后40回由高鹗完成。

Unless measures are taken at once, there is a possibility that all the oceans of the world will be dead by the next century. How can this possibly happen? We have already seen that people【C1】______all kinds of waste products to be thrown into the sea. It is almost【C2】______to measure how much industrial waste ends up in our oceans, but we can【C3】______how much oil is poured into them according to the law and against the law. It is against the law to pour oil into the sea【C4】______to the shore, but when a ship is many miles out to the sea there are no such【C5】______. Estimate of the amount of oil poured in European Waters【C6】______is about 200,000 tons every year. Some people say the【C7】______could be ten times as high around the world. It is not only our【C8】______that suffer from oil pollution. Among other things, many fish now contain very high amounts of【C9】______substances. Next time you have fish to eat, how can you be sure that they are free from oil pollution? You cannot see the【C10】______and you cannot taste them, either. It is really quite a problem. Nearly all of the countries are trying hard to prevent and control oil pollution. We hope that the day will soon come when fish will be free from oil pollution. A. limitations B. seashores C. allow D. invade E. close F. poisonous G. afterwards H. agenda I. edit J. figure K. impossible L. alone M. effects N. calculate O. extensive

Music in higher education: what is it worth?[A] Music has found itself increasingly central in the subject controversy surrounding higher education (HE). Recent data showed the total number of Universities and Colleges Admissions Service entries to study music rose by 3.5% in the 2013 cycle, following significant increases in applications for medical-related sciences, mathematical sciences, computer sciences, engineering and economics. Yet numbers of prospective higher education applicants who studied music A-level fell last year by 7%.[B] Many music educators speak of feeling marginalized (边缘化), with their subject excluded from the Ebacc (英国文凭考试) and noticeably absent from the Stem grouping (science, technology, engineering and maths)—absent too from the Russell Group's approved list of "facilitating subjects" (ones that will "keep a wide range of degree courses and career options open to you").[C] The value of studying music in higher education in the context of the economically-charged narrative on education provided the background to a recent roundtable discussion held at the Royal Academy of Music and involving senior figures from higher education, sixth-form education and the arts industry. All participants in the roundtable agreed that studying music at higher education equips students with a range of transferable skills that are of inestimable (不可估量的) value in the workplace. Music education and cultural value[D] Contributing under the Chatham House rule, which allows comments to be reported freely, panel members began by disagreeing over the relationship between music education and cultural value. "We are beginning to look at the question of music education from the other end of the telescope, not so much in terms of what happens during the period of education, but afterwards," said one contributor.[E] One speaker argued that the relationship between music education and cultural value was not necessarily a direct one. "Many of those who add cultural value to the country do so because there is value here already. Our cultural value is increased by a critical mass coming from all over the world that wants to be part of our scene. The role musical education plays in cultural value, or to put it crudely, what we are producing in terms of the economy, is probably falling rather than increasing." This comment was contested by another member of the panel, who cited the increasing numbers of foreign students studying music at UK institutions, and personal evidence from those who claimed that paying more to study in the UK was worth it for the extra value they gained from being educated here. Another pointed to the legally binding commitments made by government to promote musical participation in 2011-12 and, more recently, the National Plan for Music.[F] However, others around the table did acknowledge that UK institutions lacked the political backing enjoyed by their European peers or the financial power of America, "only just paying the bills on the back of a British mess of fees, poor fund and a scratchy targeted portion of HE funding," as one panellist put it.Instrumental or natural?[G] The discussion over what skills music graduates hold, both on academic or vocational courses, was noticeably more one-sided. High-end ability in collaboration, analysis, work ethic, sympathy, innovation and performing well under pressure were cited by numerous contributors as those that were compulsory in any decent music student. "The qualities one would be after in a work-force suitable to meet the challenges of today's economy are all those found in a music graduate," noted one commentator. "We need to break up this myth that musicians are self-prevailing and just create more musicians," added another—top city firms, accountancy organisations and computing companies as among those who favour music graduates as potential employees.[H] There was growing frustration among the panel concerning both the role of higher education institutions in promoting music and the continued justification of musical study from a non-musical perspective. "It's time for music departments to wake up and promote more clearly their value and benefits," said one contributor. "The value of HE music itself has been clouded by the panic over school music. We don't sell music at HE by saying it will make you more literate, or better at maths. It has an inborn value."[I] "People in music know what highly skilled music students can do, and what music adds to the lives of people, but we keep saying society does not understand," added another. "Why? Either because we can't assert our own value, or because we refuse to engage with society."Education access[J] Despite general consensus as to the inherent cultural-economic value of musical study, there was considerable discontent around the table about its accessibility. One speaker commented on the decreasing number of music students at top institutions coming from backgrounds other than "music specialist schools, and private schools". Another complained about the lack of focus from government regarding ring-fenced (专项的) money for music hubs (活动中心) beyond 2015, pointing out the risk of increased private outsourcing, uneven regional provision and, ultimately, a situation in which only those with financial advantage can access musical training to a standard that will enable them to pursue it to higher education.[K] In this context, the facilitating subjects of Russell Group universities came under harsh criticism from some commentators, who argued that there was disagreement over their significance among leading universities, misunderstanding by schools and hijacking (劫持) by government in the latest round of league tables. This, two speakers agreed, was directing first generation students away from music at higher education by disconnecting the subject from a perspective on higher education dominated by tuition fees and employability.[L] A general note of warning was sounded by one about the upcoming loss of students from postgraduate study in the next five years as a result of financial pressures, and all agreed that higher education departments needed to do more to just utter the value of music in a public forum. "We need to reconnect music with the world of ideas," one panelist concluded. "We can pull people into music through linking the ideas, science, film and literature that surround the context of musical creation. We must not fall back into isolation, but rather communicate the obvious value of music."

{{B}}Section B{{/B}}

中国经济正处在转型的关键阶段。中国已经不能继续沿用高消耗、高投入的旧模式，而必须加大力度调整经济结构和转变经济增长方式。我国将继续推进行政管理(administrative management)、金融部门和物价的改革。服务业将愈发成为我国经济中的重要支柱。作为最大的就业容纳器，服务业为经济转型缓解就业压力。中国经济的升级(upgrading)也将为世界经济提供新的动力。

{{B}}Part II Listening Comprehension{{/B}}

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to apologize to your roommate upon your quarrel. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

中医(Chinese medicine)是世界医学的遗产。中医有比西方医学更好的治病方法。因为中医的效果和医治方式，在世界上中医现在越来越流行了。中医起源于古代，已经发展了很长一段时间，它收集了治疗不同疾病的各种方法。传统中医讲究人们身体系统的平衡。这是说，一旦人的身体系统平衡，疾病就会消失。身体系统的损害是疾病的根源。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Libraries' Service following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1．许多学生觉得图书馆不能满足他们的需要 2．图书馆存在的问题有…… 3．为了提升图书馆的服务，可以……

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{{B}}Part III Reading Comprehension{{/B}}

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{{B}}Part III Reading Comprehension{{/B}}