人人都希望幸福,但是,什么是幸福?如果经过一番深思,那么答案并不简单。古往今来没有人能拥有永远的、完美的幸福。这是人性的本质所决定的。幸福必须付出一定代价:起码在付出代价的时候必有艰难痛苦。人生虽有快乐,但更多的是不如意。人间如果人人幸福,事事美满,那么一切的追求和努力都会停止。所以,幸福使人生有享受与安慰。不幸福则促使人生不断努力追求,因而提升了个人的价值。
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By and large, married people appear to have better health than their single peers. However, if the marriage ends, that healthy edge tends to disappear, with divorced and separated people reporting one of the highest rates of illness. Now, a new study published in the May issue of the Journal of Marriage and Family shows that co-habitating (同居的) couples also experience a decrease in health after splitting up. "Leaving a co-habitation, like a marriage, tends to have a harmful effect on health," said lead author Dr. Zheng Wu of the University of Victoria in British Columbia, Canada. Wu and his co-author Randy Hart obtained their results from nationwide surveys on physical and mental health and relationship status, conducted by Statistics Canada at 2-year intervals starting in the 1990s. There were 9,775 participants, aged 20 to 64 years when the surveys began. Looking at this data, the researchers found that both men and women tend to report a decrease in physical or mental health after ending either a co-habitation or a marriage. Researchers have proposed two theories to explain why married people report better health than non-married people. One supposes that healthier people are more likely to get married, while the other, called the "marriage protection hypothesis", suggests that married couples improve their health by providing each other with social and financial support, and by monitoring each other's health behaviors. In an interview with Reuters Health, Wu said he tried to understand if either of these hypotheses might explain the health benefits of marriage and co-habitation by analyzing the results in different ways. The authors conclude that "protection effects" may explain much of why married or co-habitating couples experience health gains. The findings also suggest that living together and being married are similar in terms of health benefits gained. "Although there are some differences between marital and non-marital unions, our research suggests that in terms of health outcomes, the two are quite similar," they write. "The finding that co-habitation and marriage share similar health consequences lends acceptance to the notion that co-habitation has become a viable (可行的) form of family living."
科学家们很早就发现,地球绕着太阳转。
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改革开放30多年来,随着中国逐渐崛起成为政治经济强国,海外人士学习汉语的现象与日俱增,海外孔子学院也成了人们学习中国语言和中国文化的首选之地。通过学习汉语,他们对这个和自己文化大相径庭的古老文明产生了浓厚的兴趣,而且有机会了解中国的哲学、艺术、医学、饮食文化,亲身体验这个文明古国的风采。作为第二文化,中国文化也丰富了他们的生活和世界观。越来越多学习汉语的美国人除了对中国菜肴赞不绝口之外,也在尝试中药和武术。
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我们要加强校园安全工作。
明朝前期(the early Ming Dynasty),中国是世界上最发达的国家之一。1405年到1433年间,明政府七次派郑和率领大规模船队出使西洋(the Western Ocean)。郑和拜访了东南亚(Southeast Asia)、南亚和东非等地区的30多个国家和地区。他用珍贵的礼物表达中国与他们友好交往的愿望,得到了各国的热情回应。郑和下西洋传播了中国文明,加强了明政府与世界各国的联系,促进了中国与其他国家文化与经济的交流。
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李白是唐朝(the Tang Dynasty)的著名诗人。他和他的朋友杜甫是唐代中期中国诗歌繁盛时期最杰出的两位人物。他一生四处游历,写下了大约1000首诗篇。这些诗堪称是赞美友情、享受大自然和饮酒作乐的模板。他的诗浪漫、豪迈,想象力丰富。作为一个浪漫主义天才,李白把中国的传统诗歌形式推向了一个新的高度,对后世的诗歌产生了深远的影响。
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中国是一个农业大国,也是世界农业起源地之一。水稻和小麦等农作物都原产自中国。新中国成立后,政府十分重视农业生产,不断加大农业投入,加速了农业生产的现代化进程。因此,中国农业取得了辉煌的成就。中国各种农产品的产量增长很快,谷物、棉花、花生(peanut)的总产量均居世界首位。依靠占世界不足10%的耕地(cultivatable land),中国养活了世界1/5以上的人口。
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Divorce doesn't necessarily make adults happy. But toughing it out in an unhappy marriage until it turns around just might do, a new study says. The research identified happy and unhappy spouses, culled (选出) from a national database. Of the unhappy partners who divorced, about half were happy five years later. But unhappy spouses who stuck it out often did better. About two-thirds were happy five years later. Study results contradict what seems to be common sense, says David Blankenhorn of the Institute for American Values, a think-tank on the family. The institute helped sponsor the research team based at the University of Chicago. Findings will be presented in Arlington, Va., at the "Smart Marriage" conference, sponsored by the Coalition for Marriage, Families and Couples Education. The study looked at data on 5,232 married adults from the National Survey of Families and Households. It included 645 who were unhappy. The adults in the national sample were analyzed through 13 measures of psychological well-being. Within the five years, 167 of the unhappy were divorced or separated and 478 stayed married. Divorce didn't reduce symptoms of depression, raise self-esteem or increase a sense of mastery compared with those who stayed married, the report says. Results were controlled for factors including race, age, gender and income. Staying married did not tend to trap unhappy spouses in violent relationships. What helped the unhappy married turn things around? To supplement the formal study data, the research team asked professional firms to recruit focus groups totaling 55 adults who were "marriage survivors". All had moved from unhappy to happy marriages. These 55 once-discontented married felt their unions got better via one of three routes, the report says: Marital endurance. "With time, job situations improved, children got older or better, or chronic ongoing problems got put into new perspective." Partners did not work on their marriages. Marital work. Spouses actively worked "to solve problems, change behavior or improve communication". Personal change. Partners found "alternative ways to improve their own happiness and build a good and happy life despite a mediocre marriage." In effect, the unhappy partner changed.
BSection B/B
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