[此试题无题干]

"We have been ignoring the biggest global health threat of the 21st century." This was the message spelled out in a report launched by doctors and climatologists (气候学家) in London. Over the coming century, climate change will worsen virtually every health problem we know of. "The health sector has in the past not only underestimated but completely neglected and ignored the issues," said Richard Horton, editor of The Lancet. "This has not been an issue on the agenda of any professional body in health over the last 10 years in any significant way." The Lancet commissioned the report from a panel of specialists at University College London. The doctors said they felt the tide was turning, however. "It is true that the health sector is beginning to wake up to this," said Hugh Montgomery, director of UCL's Institute for Human Health and Performance. He cited the UK's Royal College of Physicians, whose president has made climate change "pretty much its number one priority". Anthony Costello, director of UCL's Institute for Global Health, said that helping to write the report had been a personal wake-up call. "Eighteen months ago, I felt there were other priorities," he said. "I thought infant deaths were a much more immediate risk to the developing countries I visited." The report alerted him up to the fact that the world is facing a global crisis. "I want to retain some optimism. If we do act now, we can hold back this crisis." The doctors and researchers listed shortages of water and food, along with war and ecological collapse, as the most pressing health threats posed by climate change. The message does not appear to have filtered through to the family doctors and health policy-makers whose job is to save lives. "Think of the average general practitioner," said Mark Maslin, a climatologist at UCL. Between short appointments and struggling to keep up with medical journals, they have little time to factor climate change into their long list of responsibilities. "This report says the medical profession has to wake up," said Maslin. "Pulling our hair out, saying we're all going to die horribly does not save lives."

BPart Ⅳ Translation/B

{{B}}Part I Writing{{/B}}

BSection A/B

[此试题无题干]

[此试题无题干]

{{B}}Section C{{/B}}

[此试题无题干]

Cars and other road vehicles are the single main source of harmful nitrogen oxides. Road transport remains the biggest source of harmful air pollution in the EU despite efforts to reduce emissions over the past decades. A report published by the European Environment Agency (EEA) shows that it is the single main source of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and non-methane volatile organic compounds. It is also the second most important source of PM10 and PM2.5 particles. As well as road transport, manufacturing industries, construction, the residential sector and agriculture are the main sources of air pollution in Europe today, the agency said. The EEA said: "Particulate matter from sources such as vehicle exhausts and residential heating can affect the lungs and harm people of all ages, but it is known to pose an extra risk to those with existing heart and respiratory problems." "Air pollutants are also responsible for the acidification of forests and water ecosystems, and eutrophication of soils and waters—leading to a limited supply of oxygen in rivers and lakes." A spokesperson for campaign group T&E (the European Federation for Transport and Environment) told EDIE: "One of the key reasons that transport is still such a major cause of air pollution in Europe is because transport users rarely have to pay for the pollution they cause." "Currently Member States are forbidden from including pollution charges in road tolls." "The Commission just last month proposed to change the rules, a move that we urge the Parliament and Ministers to support." "There are also some positive signs of change as London and a number of German cities have introduced low emission zones over the last year. But there is still a long way to go." According to the report, nitrogen oxide emissions decreased by 35% between 1990 and 2006, although the rate of decrease was just 1.8% in the final year of that period. Electricity and heat production remains the main source of sulphur oxides emissions, followed by manufacturing industries and construction sources. In contrast, agricultural activities were responsible for the vast majority of ammonia emissions— livestock manure and fertilisers accounted for more than 90% of the emissions.

BSection B/B

元青花瓷富丽雄浑，其风格与传统的瓷器大相径庭。

[此试题无题干]

Taste is such a subjective matter that we don't usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you can say about anyone's preference, is that it's one person's opinion. But because the two big cola (可乐) companies—Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed so aggressively, we've wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either Coca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting. We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic (传统型) or Pepsi, Diet (低糖的) Coke, or Diet Pepsi. These were people who thought they'd have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand. We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants' choices with what mere guess-work could have accomplished. Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7 out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse—only 7 of 27 identified all four samples correctly. While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people go all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burnout, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.

[此试题无题干]

近年来，随着中国政治及经济实力的不断提升，学中文的外国人越来越多。据统计，全球约有三千万人正在学习中文，而这一人数还在不断增加。在加拿大，虽然觉得汉语十分难学，但人们学中文的兴趣却与日俱增。他们喜欢中国文化，也意识到学习中文预示着更多的机遇。如今， 孔子学院 (Confucius Institute)遍布世界各地，致力于推广中国文化及语言。

提到中国体育不能不说乒乓球。

石狮 (stone lion)是中国传统建筑中常见的装饰，于 汉朝 (the Han Dynasty)传入中国。在中国文化中，狮子被当成神兽。所以人们喜欢在户院大门前摆放石狮来驱邪，并且摆放的位置是相对固定的。根据传统，门前摆放的石狮应为一对，雄狮在左而雌狮在右。石狮的外表各有不同。从整体上看，北方的狮子比较简单，而南方的狮子更生动。

各地火锅风格各异，所使用的火锅原料也不尽相同。