在过去的50多年中，我国的体育运动取得了可喜的成绩。
BSection B/B
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{{B}}Section C{{/B}}
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进入冬季，各地雾霾(haze)严重，空气质量令人担忧。人们越来越清晰地认识到，社会经济快速发展决不能以破坏环境、浪费资源为代价。目前我国的经济增长方式依然粗放，经济发展与环境保护矛盾突出。我国面临着资源短缺、能源紧张、生产效率偏低等问题，只有坚持绿色、循环、低碳的发展之路才能保证我国经济增长的可持续性。
{{B}}Part II Listening Comprehension{{/B}}
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For centuries, boys were top of the class. But these days, that's no longer the【C1】______ . A new study by the OECD, examined how 15-year-old boys and girls performed at reading, mathematics and science. Boys still score somewhat better at maths, and in science the genders are【C2】______ equal. But when it comes to the students who really【C3】______ , the difference is obvious: boys are 50% more likely than girls to fall【C4】______ of basic standards in all three areas. Why are girls performing better at school than their male classmates? First, girls read more than boys. Reading【C5】______ is the basis upon which all other learning is built. When boys don't do well at reading, their performance in other school subjects【C6】______ too. Second, girls spend more time on homework. Researchers suggest that doing homework【C7】______ by teachers is linked to better performance in maths, reading and science. Boys, it【C8】______ , spend more of their free time in the virtual world: they are 17% more likely to play online games than girls every day. They also use the Internet more. Third, peer pressure plays a【C9】______ . A lot of boys decide early on that they are just too cool for school which means they're more likely to be【C10】______ in class. Teachers mark them down for this. In anonymous(匿名的)tests, boys perform better. In fact, the gender gap in reading drops by a third when teachers don't know the gender of the pupil they are marking.A)appears I)proficiencyB)case J)roleC)distinguishes K)roughlyD)dramatically L)setE)engaged M)shortF)experience N)struggleG)lazy O)suffers H)noisy
{{B}}Part III Reading Comprehension{{/B}}
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BSection B/B
When it comes to using technology to promote education, the prevailing wisdom has been that more is better. Over the past decade, universities have invested heavily to add equipments into the classroom. But there is little【C1】______that these equipments enhance learning—and, critics argue, they might actually【C2】______it, making both students and teachers passive. What if classrooms were【C3】______to the pre-Internet days of wooden tables and chalk? Jose Bowen, dean of the Meadows School of the Arts at Southern Methodist University, has taken technology out of the classroom. He wants his【C4】______to "teach naked," meaning without the aid of any machines. Classroom time should be【C5】______for discussions with the professor, aimed at teaching students to think critically, argue, and raise new questions. Bowen, who teaches music, delivers content via podcasts (播客), which students must listen to on their own time. He then tests them on the material before every class and uses class time for discussions. He's been teaching the same material for 25 years, but since he【C6】______this new method, his students have been more engaged and scored better on exams. College students asked by researchers to list what motivates them have【C7】______emphasized teacher enthusiasm, organization, and harmonious relationship, while naming lack of【C8】______participation as a major negative factor. Technology has a place in education, but it should be used【C9】______by students outside the classroom. That gives them more time to absorb【C10】______via podcast or video, and frees teachers to spend class time coaching students in how to apply the material rather than simply absorb it.A) active E) creative I) implemented M) persistentlyB) coach F) evidence J) improve N) reservedC) consistently G) faculty K) independently O) restoredD) course H) hinder L) lectures
A Brief History of Online ShoppingA）When Amazon.com opened for business 15 years ago，it was nothing more than a few people packing and shipping boxes of books from a two-car garage in Bellevue, WaSh. Jeff Bezos, Amazon founder’ and CEO, had left New York City. for the Pacific Northwest，using some of his time on the road to write the company’s business plan. Books were packed on a table made out of an extra door they found lying in the new home a practice the company continues today in spirit by making many of the office’s desks out of doors.B）Now, on its 15th anniversary, Amazon can raise a toast to being one of the largest online retailers in the world，selling everything from trumpets and golf carts to dishwashers and clothes. Despite the economic recession，online retail：in the U.S. grew 11％ last year，according to a report released this March from Forrester Research. More than 150 million people about two-thirds of all Internet users in the U.S. -bought something online last year. It’s a staggering leap for an industry used by 27％ of the nation's online population a decade ago.C）One of the first known Web purchases took place. in 1994. It was an Italian pizza with mushrooms and extra cheese from Pizza Hut，a somewhat appropriate purchase for the early days of the Internet. When Amazon came on the scene not long after, selling books online was a curious idea. After all, why would people buy a textbook online when they could go to a bookstore? But eventually，a revolutionary change in culture and groupthink took place. Buying things online was all about price and selection，says Ellen Davis, a vice president with the National Retail Federation. If you lived in a small town with just one bookstore and they didn’t stock the novel you wanted，the Internet was a solution. D）The big sellers were “hard goods,” those things you didn’t have to touch，feel or smell in order to buy, such as books, computers and other electronics. Now, nothing is off limits. “As the Internet has evolved，it’s become a channel where you can buy anything，”Davis says. “You can buy fragrances（香水）--something you would have normally thought you would need to go to a store and actually experience before you decided to buy. ”E）Part of the shift has to do with the normalizing of giving out personal information online. All it takes is one click of the purchase button before consumers start to feel more comfortable using their Credit-card information online，Davis says. Now some consumers have so much trust that they allow retailers to save their credit-card and shipping information，which has given rise to a painless checkout process. F） And part of it had to do with making the online experience more like an in-store shopping trip. Many sites geared themselves toward consumers who like to try before they buy. While Web shoppers technically have to buy the item first，sites such as Zappos, which specializes in shoes，and Piperlime, which sells clothes and accessories，offer free shipping on returns. If you buy it，try it and don’t like it，having to return the item is less of a concern. Other stores try to make it easier for customers to get the look and feel of a product without actually handling the goods. Sears.com and Gap.com allow customers to zoom（拉近）way in on products to examine their material and color up close. Others such as Bed，Bath＆Beyond and Buy. com feature product videos that allow shoppers to see，for example, a grill（烤架）cleaner in action. And then there are sites like Overstock.com that capitalize on the goods physical stores can’t sell. Beyond its discounts, Overstock.com wins customer loyalty by making online deals with fiat-rate shipping of $2.95 on everything from earrings to refrigerators. G）Even famously resistant designers and luxury retailers are putting goods online. According to Bain＆Co.’s luxury-goods study last year, while the luxury-goods industry overall lost 896 worldwide last year, luxury sales online grew 20％. This September MarcJacobs.com will have more than just videos of models walking on the runway on his website. Jacobs will join others such as Jimmy Ch00，Hugo Boss and Donna Karan，all of whom sell，or will soon start selling，products through their websites. The upside? Consumers will soon be able to buy many high-end goods without enduring the bad service of a department store salesclerk. H）All of this online shopping has given rise to a new version of one of America’s favorite holidays. Cyber Monday was coined in 2005 to represent the boom in online sales that comes the Monday after Black Friday--the day after Thanksgiving and the largest shopping day of the year. Though Cyber Monday has never overshadowed Black Friday’s sales，customers are more comfortable doing shopping online than ever. 83％of consumers say they are more confident in making a purchase when they have conducted research online as opposed to speaking to a salesperson in a store. I）While retailers were initially terrified of what bad reviews could do to their bottom line，they’ve since witnessed the power of a compliment and embraced the practice. Despite initial fears，says Craig Berman, Amazon’s vice president of global communications, product reviews have only served to increase their customer loyalty. “It helped us build customer trust.” he says. “It put us in a special place with customers in that they could come to the site and get honest and comprehensive--and overtime, very substantial--firsthand knowledge from other customers.” Berman says the company has some reviewers who take online shopping to heart. “There are some customers who are extraordinarily proud of being one of our top reviewers--they take their job really seriously. ”Some of Amazon’s customers are greedy readers who consider it their duty to review one or two books every single week. While the company may have come a long way from its roots，the company’s original specialty has not been forgotten.
Pregnancy mothers are getting a new tool to help keep themselves and their babies healthy: pregnancy tips sent directly to their cell phones. The so-called text4baby campaign is the first free, health education program in the U.S. to harness the reach of mobile phones, according to its sponsors. Organizers say texting is an effective means of delivering wellness tips because 90 percent of people in the U.S. have cell phones. "Especially if you start talking about low-income people, cell phones are the indispensable tool for reaching them and engaging them about their health," said Paul Meyer, president of Voxiva, a company which operates health texting programs in Africa, Latin America and India. Studies in those countries have shown that periodic texts can reduce smoking and other unhealthy behaviors in pregnant mothers. Meyer said the U.S. program, run by Voxiva, will be the largest health-related texting program ever undertaken. Under the new service, mothers-to-be who text "BABY" to a specified number will receive weekly text messages, timed to their due date or their baby's birth date. The messages, which have been scanned by government and nonprofit health experts, deal with nutrition, immunization and birth defect prevention, among other topics. The messages will continue through the baby's first birthday. Text4baby is expected to be announced Thursday morning by officials from the White House's Office of Science and Technology Policy. Government officials will be publicizing the campaign in speeches and promotional materials. Organizers hope the effort can curb premature (早产的) births, which can be caused by poor nutrition, excessive stress, smoking and drinking alcohol. About 500,000 babies are born prematurely in the U.S. each year. The nonprofit is among the sponsors of the campaign. "The real scary thing is that we're an industrialized nation and we're not doing very well on infant death rate, and we know prematurity is a big part of that," said the group's director, Judy Meehan. Currently the U.S. ranks 30th worldwide for infant death rate, according to Meehan, behind most Western European nations. Researchers at the George Washington University have agreed to evaluate the effectiveness of text4baby by measuring health trends for mothers and newborns.
随着生活水平的提高，保健品(health care products)日益受到中国人的喜爱。人们花费大量金钱来购买能量饮料、维生素药片和美容饮品。这些保健品宣称含有抗氧化物(antioxidants)，能使人增强体质、延缓衰老。然而，最近有研究表明抗氧化物可能只是一个医学童话。几乎没有什么数据可以证明抗氧化物可以预防疾病。专家认为，要打败氧化作用(oxidative stress)，就要多运动，多吃水果和蔬菜。
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For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the advantages and disadvantages of the universal two-child policy. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
之前武侠剧在西方传播缓慢有很多原因，其中包括推广营销不到位以及缺乏与武侠相关的基础知识。