听力题 How many teeth have you had filled in the past two years? If you follow the advice of Dr. Faustick, you may be able to reduce the number of your visits to a dentist. Dr. Faustick conducted a two-year survey to find out how to prevent or reduce dental decay. 946 students took part in an experiment. 523 students cleaned their teeth within ten minutes of eating. When possible they used a toothbrush; when this was impossible they washed their mouth with water. The remaining 423 students merely cleaned their teeth when they went to bed and when they got up in the morning. All the students had their teeth X-rayed at the end of the first and second year. At the end of the first year, the night and morning group had three times as many decayed teeth as the clean-after-each-meal group. At the end of the second year the latter group had 53 percent fewer decayed teeth than the former group. Dr. Faustick has cleaned his teeth after a meal for 13 years and has not had a single decayed tooth. He pointed out that sugar is a major agent in dental decay, especially the sugar in sweets, cakes, and soft drinks. Ideally you should keep a toothbrush in your pocket and use it immediately after you have finished eating. When this is impractical you can at least make sure that you have a drink of water and let the water through your teeth to force out any particles of food. Seven out of ten people loose at least half of their teeth by the time they are 50. Many have a complete set of false teeth by that time. In any case neither toothache nor a visit to a dentist is very pleasant. So it is worthwhile making an effort to keep your own teeth as long as possible. The main preventative agent is simply water. How many teeth have you had filled in the past two years? If you follow the advice of Dr. Faustick, you may be able to reduce the number of your visits to a dentist. Dr. Faustick conducted a two-year survey to find out how to prevent or reduce dental decay. 946 students took part in an experiment. 523 students cleaned their teeth within ten minutes of eating. When possible they used a toothbrush; when this was impossible they washed their mouth with water. The remaining 423 students merely cleaned their teeth when they went to bed and when they got up in the morning. All the students had their teeth X-rayed at the end of the first and second year. At the end of the first year, the night and morning group had three times as many decayed teeth as the clean-after-each-meal group. At the end of the second year the latter group had 53 percent fewer decayed teeth than the former group. Dr. Faustick has cleaned his teeth after a meal for 13 years and has not had a single decayed tooth. He pointed out that sugar is a major agent in dental decay, especially the sugar in sweets, cakes, and soft drinks. Ideally you should keep a toothbrush in your pocket and use it immediately after you have finished eating. When this is impractical you can at least make sure that you have a drink of water and let the water through your teeth to force out any particles of food. Seven out of ten people loose at least half of their teeth by the time they are 50. Many have a complete set of false teeth by that time. In any case neither toothache nor a visit to a dentist is very pleasant. So it is worthwhile making an effort to keep your own teeth as long as possible. The main preventative agent is simply water.

听力题M: This is it

听力题County fairs are a tradition in New England towns

听力题M: Cindy! Have you heard the news? W: No, Steve

听力题 Cambridge is about 90 kilometers northeast of London. It is one of the most beautiful places in Britain. Everything about the city of Cambridge reminds you of its famous university: students on bicycles, the atmosphere of learning, traditions and the magnificent buildings of the 30 colleges that are in the University of Cambridge. Most of the colleges stand on the bank of the Cam River, the gentle river that flows through the heart of the city. Tourists and students like boating in a kind of flat bottom boat to see the colleges or to relax themselves. If the water traffic reminds the visitor of Venice, the road traffic is more likely to recall Beijing or Amsterdam. The streets are full of bicycles, hundreds and hundreds of them. They provide a cheap form of transportation for the students and very conveniently of getting around the Cambridge’s nearer streets. Cambridge is about 90 kilometers northeast of London. It is one of the most beautiful places in Britain. Everything about the city of Cambridge reminds you of its famous university: students on bicycles, the atmosphere of learning, traditions and the magnificent buildings of the 30 colleges that are in the University of Cambridge. Most of the colleges stand on the bank of the Cam River, the gentle river that flows through the heart of the city. Tourists and students like boating in a kind of flat bottom boat to see the colleges or to relax themselves. If the water traffic reminds the visitor of Venice, the road traffic is more likely to recall Beijing or Amsterdam. The streets are full of bicycles, hundreds and hundreds of them. They provide a cheap form of transportation for the students and very conveniently of getting around the Cambridge’s nearer streets.

听力题 The university was asking students to select summer social topics for projects to undertake. Ding Ling proposed the idea of accessing the AIDS town, and university officials approved the project. After contacting officials at the institution, Ding Ling got on the train for her hometown with fellow student Zhou Wang on July 20. On July 21, when the two girls finished breakfast in a small restaurant after they had just arrived at the town, the keeper told Ding in a low voice that the man who ate breakfast beside her was an AIDS patient, which surprised the two. AIDS was all around them. AIDS patients in their hometown live just as anyone else does. They do not stay in any one centralized place to receive treatment. If they need help, they go to the medical institution just like any other patient world. There are no divorce cases in the town because of HIV infections, and local residents do not discriminate the HIV carriers, the two girls said. The students said their most unforgettable day was July 16, when they had the lunch with a female AIDS patient whose husband knew of her illness before they were married. But her husband still resolutely loved her and took on the responsibility of looking after his wife. After the pair returned to school, many friends urged them to go to the hospital to check whether they had been infected or not. They just smiled, declining to be checked. HIV can only be spread by sexual contact or blood-to -blood contact. The biggest wish for Ding is to see an 8-year-old child, Huan Huan, who was infected by her mother, during upcoming Spring Festival. She hopes to bring the little girl some clothes and food, and to take along a camera to record happy moments in the lives of AIDS patients. The university was asking students to select summer social topics for projects to undertake. Ding Ling proposed the idea of accessing the AIDS town, and university officials approved the project. After contacting officials at the institution, Ding Ling got on the train for her hometown with fellow student Zhou Wang on July 20. On July 21, when the two girls finished breakfast in a small restaurant after they had just arrived at the town, the keeper told Ding in a low voice that the man who ate breakfast beside her was an AIDS patient, which surprised the two. AIDS was all around them. AIDS patients in their hometown live just as anyone else does. They do not stay in any one centralized place to receive treatment. If they need help, they go to the medical institution just like any other patient world. There are no divorce cases in the town because of HIV infections, and local residents do not discriminate the HIV carriers, the two girls said. The students said their most unforgettable day was July 16, when they had the lunch with a female AIDS patient whose husband knew of her illness before they were married. But her husband still resolutely loved her and took on the responsibility of looking after his wife. After the pair returned to school, many friends urged them to go to the hospital to check whether they had been infected or not. They just smiled, declining to be checked. HIV can only be spread by sexual contact or blood-to -blood contact. The biggest wish for Ding is to see an 8-year-old child, Huan Huan, who was infected by her mother, during upcoming Spring Festival. She hopes to bring the little girl some clothes and food, and to take along a camera to record happy moments in the lives of AIDS patients.

听力题 Susan Anthony was born in Massachusetts in 1820 and died in Rochester, N.Y. in 1906. In 1850s, she saw many problems in her country and wanted to do something about them. One of these problems was that women did not have the right to vote in the United States. Susan Anthony and many others felt that women and men should have equal rights. In 1869 she helped start the National Women’s Association. This group worked hard to get women the right to vote in the United States. In 1869, the state of Wyoming gave women the right to vote. Some other states also allowed women to vote. But Susan Anthony and the National American Women’s Association wanted all women to have the right to vote. They worked to add this to the Constitution of the United States. Finally, in 1920, fourteen years after Susan Anthony’s death, an article was added to the Constitution. It gave all American women the right to vote. Susan Anthony was born in Massachusetts in 1820 and died in Rochester, N.Y. in 1906. In 1850s, she saw many problems in her country and wanted to do something about them. One of these problems was that women did not have the right to vote in the United States. Susan Anthony and many others felt that women and men should have equal rights. In 1869 she helped start the National Women’s Association. This group worked hard to get women the right to vote in the United States. In 1869, the state of Wyoming gave women the right to vote. Some other states also allowed women to vote. But Susan Anthony and the National American Women’s Association wanted all women to have the right to vote. They worked to add this to the Constitution of the United States. Finally, in 1920, fourteen years after Susan Anthony’s death, an article was added to the Constitution. It gave all American women the right to vote.

听力题Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

听力题M: Hello, ABC Company. What can I do for you

听力题[此试题无题干]

听力题The Gulf War changed the lives of ordinary people

听力题W: You must have heard about red tides

听力题 I flew to San Francisco to take care of some business with Mr. Jordan. But as soon as I arrived, I got sick and couldn’t meet with him. I had to call our appointment off. Then, when I felt better I thought about visiting him at his home, but he lived too far away. I tried to telephone him during office hours, but he was busy. The receptionist said that Mr. Jordan would call me back, but he didn’t. I gave up trying to make a new appointment because it would take more time and effort than I wanted to spend. A few days later, I saw a man on the street who looked like Mr. Jordan, and I called out to him. It was someone else. When I returned to my hotel that day, I found a message, which said that Mr. Jordan had gone out of town on some sudden unexpected business. I was sorry I had missed seeing him, but I really enjoyed my sightseeing in San Francisco. I flew to San Francisco to take care of some business with Mr. Jordan. But as soon as I arrived, I got sick and couldn’t meet with him. I had to call our appointment off. Then, when I felt better I thought about visiting him at his home, but he lived too far away. I tried to telephone him during office hours, but he was busy. The receptionist said that Mr. Jordan would call me back, but he didn’t. I gave up trying to make a new appointment because it would take more time and effort than I wanted to spend. A few days later, I saw a man on the street who looked like Mr. Jordan, and I called out to him. It was someone else. When I returned to my hotel that day, I found a message, which said that Mr. Jordan had gone out of town on some sudden unexpected business. I was sorry I had missed seeing him, but I really enjoyed my sightseeing in San Francisco.

听力题Bows and arrows are one of man''s oldest weapons

听力题W: Good morning! M: Good morning! W: Please sit down. I hope that you have managed to settle in now. M: Yes, thank you. I wonder if I could possibly ask for your advice? W: Certainly! What can I do for you? M: Well, I''m having some difficulty in locating some of the material I need. W: Have you looked at the computer database in the library? You should be able to find what you need there. M: That is true. However, a great deal of material is out on loan. Even if it is confined to the library, I don''t really have time to look at it. W: Yes, 1 know what you mean. Look, if I were you I''d explore the web. Go to the computer center — you''ll find that''s by far the best way of accessing really up-to-date material. M: Really? Can you recommend any website? W: Well, there is a very good website www.google.com, which deals with almost all the subjects. It will help you easily find just the material you want. M: Thank you. I''ll definitely explore this site. Do you think that I still need some specific written material? W: Yes, you should look at those specialist journals which may be most useful to you in your field. M: Thank you very much indeed. You''ve been most helpful. I am very grateful. W: Not at all. It''s my pleasure. W: Good morning! M: Good morning! W: Please sit down. I hope that you have managed to settle in now. M: Yes, thank you. I wonder if I could possibly ask for your advice? W: Certainly! What can I do for you? M: Well, I''m having some difficulty in locating some of the material I need. W: Have you looked at the computer database in the library? You should be able to find what you need there. M: That is true. However, a great deal of material is out on loan. Even if it is confined to the library, I don''t really have time to look at it. W: Yes, 1 know what you mean. Look, if I were you I''d explore the web. Go to the computer center — you''ll find that''s by far the best way of accessing really up-to-date material. M: Really? Can you recommend any website? W: Well, there is a very good website www.google.com, which deals with almost all the subjects. It will help you easily find just the material you want. M: Thank you. I''ll definitely explore this site. Do you think that I still need some specific written material? W: Yes, you should look at those specialist journals which may be most useful to you in your field. M: Thank you very much indeed. You''ve been most helpful. I am very grateful. W: Not at all. It''s my pleasure.

听力题"Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or (36)________," said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to (37)________the effects of stress on the body. While here''s no question that continuous stress is (38)________, several studies suggest that (39)________situations in which you''re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you. In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced (40)________work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good (41)________than those who felt they couldn''t get the job done. Stress that you can manage may also (42)________immune function. In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put (43)________through two stressful experiences. (44)________________. In the second, they weren''t in control: They had to sit through a bloody video on surgical procedures. Those who did go on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that''s the body''s first line of defense against germs. (45)________________ Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones. (46)________________. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.

听力题W: David! Can I give you a hand with one of those grocery bags? M: Sure, Nancy! Could you take this one, please? I didn''t realize how heavy these bags would be. W: Why did you buy so much stuff when you have to walk home from the store? M: Well, I didn''t intend to buy a lot — but I''m having some people over and I guess I needed more than I expected. W: What''s the occasion? M: The people I live with, the Kramers, have been on vacation for a month and I thought I''d surprise them. I''m inviting some of their friends and family for a welcome-home dinner. W: That''s really thoughtful of you. M: I figure it''s the least I can do for them. They''ve been letting me stay with them rent-free while I''m in school. W: Really? That''s pretty generous of them. M: Well, they understand how difficult it is to make ends meet when you''re a student. They''ve been such a big help to me, I thought that this might be a small way to thank them for their generosity. W: David! Can I give you a hand with one of those grocery bags? M: Sure, Nancy! Could you take this one, please? I didn''t realize how heavy these bags would be. W: Why did you buy so much stuff when you have to walk home from the store? M: Well, I didn''t intend to buy a lot — but I''m having some people over and I guess I needed more than I expected. W: What''s the occasion? M: The people I live with, the Kramers, have been on vacation for a month and I thought I''d surprise them. I''m inviting some of their friends and family for a welcome-home dinner. W: That''s really thoughtful of you. M: I figure it''s the least I can do for them. They''ve been letting me stay with them rent-free while I''m in school. W: Really? That''s pretty generous of them. M: Well, they understand how difficult it is to make ends meet when you''re a student. They''ve been such a big help to me, I thought that this might be a small way to thank them for their generosity.

听力题W: Are you going to the fair next Saturday

听力题 I will let you know that there''s a big difference between undergraduate and graduate school. Undergraduate school is very course-intensive. That''s all you do: go to classes and go to labs. In graduate school, you have a lot of free time. Much of your learning is self-initiated, and you''re typically taking a much lighter class load. This gives you more time for independent study and research. While you'' re in graduate school, you'' re going to have to develop yourself as a scientist. You do this by performing creative and thorough research and developing a reputation for being a good scientist. You''ll also be developing your speaking skills. You have to be comfortable in presenting your results and your research to very critical audiences. That''s very important. You also want to attend conferences where you can mingle with your peers and groups from other universities, because there will eventually be your colleagues at some point. Also, it''s important to attend seminars and colloquial that your university has. Not only does this keep you informed of what is the latest and greatest in your area, but also lets you hear about other unrelated areas as well. You can'' t be so focused; you have to have a broad base of knowledge. I will let you know that there''s a big difference between undergraduate and graduate school. Undergraduate school is very course-intensive. That''s all you do: go to classes and go to labs. In graduate school, you have a lot of free time. Much of your learning is self-initiated, and you''re typically taking a much lighter class load. This gives you more time for independent study and research. While you'' re in graduate school, you'' re going to have to develop yourself as a scientist. You do this by performing creative and thorough research and developing a reputation for being a good scientist. You''ll also be developing your speaking skills. You have to be comfortable in presenting your results and your research to very critical audiences. That''s very important. You also want to attend conferences where you can mingle with your peers and groups from other universities, because there will eventually be your colleagues at some point. Also, it''s important to attend seminars and colloquial that your university has. Not only does this keep you informed of what is the latest and greatest in your area, but also lets you hear about other unrelated areas as well. You can'' t be so focused; you have to have a broad base of knowledge.

听力题[此试题无题干]