单选题According to the article, some have criticized the changes because they ______.

单选题 Astronomy has been a source for myriad ideas influencing every subject. The stars have{{U}} (67) {{/U}}since the dawn of man. People have looked to the{{U}} (68) {{/U}}to determine physical location in the Earth, to{{U}} (69) {{/U}}time and to gain spiritual direction. In early{{U}} (70) {{/U}}of the Earth, humans had only their five senses to{{U}} (71) {{/U}}them. Venturing out at sea would have been impossible if people had not realized that the stars stay{{U}} (72) {{/U}}constant in position. Following the stars allowed mankind to{{U}} (73) {{/U}}the first system for giving direction. An adventurer could determine what direction they were facing and get a (n){{U}} (74) {{/U}}idea about how far they had to go. Since the beginning, the stars have been used not only{{U}} (75) {{/U}}an effective tool for people to{{U}} (76) {{/U}}in basic living but also to{{U}} (77) {{/U}}undiscovered things about the world. The 17th Century was filled{{U}} (78) {{/U}}many discoveries both in astronomy and in mathematics. The astronomers'{{U}} (79) {{/U}}of the universe throughout the 17th Century was referred to as the Ptolemaic system. They presumed that all things around the earth were unchanging. Another popular{{U}} (80) {{/U}}was the Copernican system. This is where the sun is the center rather than the earth. One of the main scientists during the 17th Century was Galileo. He believed{{U}} (81) {{/U}}the Copernican system. When Galileo pointed his telescope to the sky, he{{U}} (82) {{/U}}many important scientific discoveries that{{U}} (83) {{/U}}the Copernican system. He found that the moon was not a{{U}} (84) {{/U}}sphere as thought of in the Ptolemaic system; it had craters and mountains not{{U}} (85) {{/U}}to the human eye. He also discovered that the sun had spots. These discoveries all{{U}} (86) {{/U}}the Ptolemaic system.

单选题Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

单选题Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

单选题{{B}}Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.{{/B}}

单选题The Words of his old teacher left a ___________ impression on his mind. He is still influenced by them.

单选题Patty Baxter realized there was a problem. In 20 years, her working office usually hummed with sales calls. Now, it was quiet, and advertising sales were down. Ms. Baxter identified a reason: Her sales staffs, all under age 35, were emailing clients with their pitches, not calling them on the phone. Younger workers may have mastered technologies that some of their older colleagues have barely heard of, such as photo and video sharing apps, but some bosses wish they"d learn a more traditional skill: picking up the phone. While Millennials—usually defined as people born between 1981 and the early 2000s—are rarely far from their smart phones, they grew up with a wider array of communication tools, such as texting and online chatting. In the workplace, some managers say avoiding the phone in favor of email can hurt business, hinder creativity and delay projects. Stephanie Shih, 27, says phone calls are an interruption. A New York-based company that designs online and paper stationery doesn"t have a work phone. The company says that not having individual phone lines in open-plan areas protects people from unwanted calls, which can interrupt conversations. Kevin Castle, a 32-year-old chief technology officer at Technossus, says unplanned calls are such an annoyance that he usually unplugs his desk phone and stashes it in a cabinet. Calling someone without emailing first can make it seem as though you"re prioritizing your needs over theirs, Mr. Castle says. Technossus"s staff relies mainly on email to communicate, which helps bridge the time difference between the company"s offices in the U. S. and India, he says. He uses Microsoft Lync for instant messaging and video conferencing. Phone calls are his last resort. Businesses aren"t giving up on the phone yet. Many new phones allow workers to receive calls, texts, instant messages, transcribed voice mails and more all in one system and access the phone system through their work computers.

单选题Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

单选题In a survey conducted by research firm Harris Interactive, 71% of Americans said that spending extra money on travel during the holiday season is worthwhile—so long as it affords them time with family and friends. But just because traveling may be the right thing to do, that doesn"t mean it has to be the expensive thing to do. Traveling involves many hidden costs that, once you"re aware of them, are easy to spot—and even easier to eliminate. To start, consider transportation fees. For example, if you"re driving, fill up the gas tank before traveling on the highway, where it"s much costlier, says Clarky Davis, a personal finance expert. And make sure your car is in good condition by checking your heating vents, keeping up with routine maintenance and ensuring your tires are properly inflated, all of which help the car achieve favorable fuel economy. Furthermore, not only does a tow car (救援车) cause inconvenience; it also means extra costs. For those opting to fly, first, be aware of how much it costs to check a bag. Most airlines are charging for every checked bag by weight, but prices vary from carrier to carrier. If you can manage to pack everything into a carry-on, you"ll save at least $15. Brooke Ferencsik, a travel expert, suggests considering secondary airports when booking your flight. These airports often are less crowded and frequently offer cheaper tickets. And when it comes to your actual destination, don"t assume that hotels are going to cut back on fees simply because they"re desperate to draw customers. "They won"t be adding or increasing fees, but they won"t be decreasing them either," says Ferencsik. The best defense against extra fees is to read about the hotel"s rates online, before you make a reservation. "Be aware of surcharges for everything from housekeeping to groundskeeping to use of the in-room safe," says Ferenesik. Some hotels even install a sensor (传感器) within the mini bar, charging guests for simply touching the items, let alone eating or drinking them. "From airlines to hotels to rental cars, they"ve all got hidden fees you need to be aware of," says Ferencsik. "Do your homework and ask questions."

单选题 {{B}}Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.{{/B}}

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单选题There are five______ mistakes in this picture. Can you find them and win a prize?

单选题The government sets a higher _______ on defence than on education.

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单选题An adult giraffe's head is about six feet above its heart. This means that to (67) enough blood up to the brain the circulatory (68) must be strong enough to keep the blood at very high pressure. Biologists have known for some time that giraffes solve this problem by having (69) high blood pressure, about (70) that of human beings. But an international team of biologists began to (71) about this. If giraffes have such high blood pressure, they should have a (72) problem with swelling in their legs and feet. Why don't giraffes have swollen feet? Giraffes should have (73) problem, too. Every time they bend heads (74) to drink, the blood should (75) to their heads and have a hard time (76) back up (when the head is down) to the heart. How come giraffes don't black out when they drink? The answer to the (77) feet problem, the researchers found, is that giraffes have (78) the researchers call a "natural anti-gravity suit". It (79) out that the skin and other (80) in their legs and feet are (81) stiffer and tougher than those of other (82) . As a result, the blood vessels in the leg cannot swell. Therefore, the blood has nowhere to go but back to the heart. What about blood rushing to the head (83) the giraffe bends down to drink? The researchers found that the giraffe's jugular vein, which (84) blood from the head back to the heart, has lots of one-way valves in it. In the giraffe's neck, there are lots of muscles that flex and relax repeatedly as the animal moves its head and sucks (85) drinking water. By squeezing the valved jugular vein, they (86) blood moving back to the heart even while the animal is drinking.

单选题Learning parks are at present helping universities by means of ______

单选题 Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.