单选题Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

单选题Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

单选题He finished all the work that should be done in a week in a ______ day.

单选题John cannot afford to go to university, ______ going abroad. A. nothing but B. anything but C. not to speak of D. nothing to speak of

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单选题On Food Safety, a Long List But Little Money This summer there has been a drumbeat of food-related illnesses. Strawberries containing E. coli (大肠杆菌) killed one person in Oregon and sickened at least nine others. Imported papayas (木瓜) contaminated with salmonella (沙门氏菌) poisoned more than 200 people nationwide, with one dead. The landmark food safety law passed by Congress last December is supposed to reduce the frequency and severity of food safety problems, but the roll call of recent cases underlines the importance of the task. "It's an enormous undertaking," said Mike Taylor, the Food and Drug Administration's deputy commissioner for foods, whose job is to turn the far-reaching law into a coherent set of rules that farmers, food processors and importers can follow and regulators can enforce. The agency is taking on the expanded mission at a time when Washington budget-slashing (大幅消减预算) means that regulators have little hope of getting additional money and may instead have their budgets cut by Congress. Mr. Taylor said they didn't have resources to implement the law. "The choice is we either find the resources or we give up implementing this law. You can't build something brand-new without the resources to do it. " The agency is now in the process of writing the food safety rules, with the goal of preventing outbreaks like those this summer. One of the most complex jobs involves setting standards for farmers to grow and harvest fruits and vegetables safely. The first draft of the farm rifles is due early next year. The agency is expected to deal with basics like hand-washing stations for field workers, tests of irrigation water and measures to protect fields from wild animals that can track in bacteria. Yet the standards must take into account a huge variety of crops, farming practices and farm sizes. The task is all the more delicate because the agency has never before had a major presence on American farms. For a year and a half, well before Congress passed the food safety law, Mr. Taylor has visited farmers around the country and sought to ease their fears that an army of food safety officials will come storming through their fields telling them how to do their jobs. Recently, he visited Long Island, where he traveled through the sandy fields of the 30-acre Deer Run lettuce farm of Bob Nolan in Brookhaven with steps. Mr. Nolan said he was initially anxious about the new law but was now eager to help the agency make it work for farmers. Mr. Taylor was joined by several agency employees involved in writing the farm rules, and Mr. Nolan told them that he hoped the visit would help them better understand how a farm worked. The complexity of the F. D. A. 's task became clear as the day went on. At the second stop, a potato farm in Riverhead, the owner Jimmy Zilnicki said that he knew little about what the government expected of him. "We're all just trying to find out what this food safety thing is all about," he said. Besides, he argued, potatoes were a safe crop and he questioned whether it was worth including them in rood satety rules. Mr. Taylor told him the F. D. A. 's job was to focus most of its efforts where the food safety risks were greatest. The third stop was a 65-acre organic farm in Riverhead, run by Eve Kaplan Walbrecht and her husband, Chris. They grow a dizzying rank of crops, most of which they sell directly to customers through farmers' markets and buying clubs. They, too, had made costly improvements with an eye toward food safety, including building a large processing shed with a concrete floor, treated water, a bathroom and refrigerated storage. The new law remits (减轻,减免) small farms that average less than $ 500, 000 a year in sales and sell mostly to local customers. But Ms Kaplan Walbrecht said that her farm brings in too much money to qualify for the exemption. She worried that the new law could become a burden for small farmers, either by adding paperwork or by unleashing (不加管束的) regulators with little understanding of how a farm worked. But while farmers worry that the rules will be too severe, food safety advocates worry that budget cuts could render the law toothless. The Congressional Budget Office has said the F. D. A. will need hundreds of millions of dollars in new financing to execute the law, and there appears little chance that Mr. Taylor will get it. The Republican-controlled House of Representatives has passed a budget that largely eliminates new money for the F. D. A. The Democrat-controlled Senate has not made its own proposal. But advocates fear that the new Congressional super committee that is to propose cuts under the debt ceiling deal could further decrease the agency's finances. A budget freeze or cuts would have the greatest impact on the ambitious increase in inspections called for under the new law, which strengthen each year. "Writing rules is inexpensive; enforcing them is expensive," said David W. Acheson, a former associate commissioner of the F. D. A. who is now a food safety consultant. "There will be a public health impact because enforcement won't be to the extent they want to do it. " The agency has already said that, without lots of new money, it won't be able to conduct the thousands of foreign food inspections the law would require after a few years. Increasing domestic inspections would be difficult, too. The F. D. A. has about 1, 000 inspectors trained to visit food establishments but most of them also inspect drug and medical device facilities. Hiring new inspectors or retraining existing ones is costly. So far, Mr. Taylor has won praise for the introduction of the new law. "I've never seen the agency go at anything with such enthusiasm," said Carol L. Tucker Foreman, a food policy expert at the Consumer Federation of America. But she feared that without a higher budget, the agency would take shortcuts. The law requires the most frequent inspections at the riskiest facilities and Ms Tucker Foreman questioned whether the agency would simply classify fewer operations as high risk to make its job easier. Mr. Taylor said that would not happen. "We're not going to game the system," he said.

单选题New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It's now a "global village" where countries are only seconds away be fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills. Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts. Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being "out of sight and out of mind". He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company's plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superior will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent (普遍的). Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets. English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn't generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal. The employee posted abroad who speaks the country's principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.

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单选题Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

单选题 Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage. There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable. This arises from different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds. The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, and fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore, they are continually discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy person would be the more to be critical. The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequency puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone stir a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their misconduct. These people should change this bad habit and condescend to be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.

单选题Acting is such an overcrowded (过度拥挤的) profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is "Don"t!". But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming famous are small. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama school. Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a theatrical company, usually as assistant stage manager. This means doing everything that there is to do in the theater: painting scenery, looking after the furniture, taking care of the clothes, and even acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed, the hours are long and the salary is tiny. But young actors with the stage in their blood are happy, waiting for the chance of working with a better company, or perhaps in movies or television. Of course, some people have unusual chances, which lead to fame and success without this long and dull training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory. A movie producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop, as he drove past in his luxury car. He told the driver to stop, and he got out to speak to the girl. He asked her if she would like to go to the movie company to do a test, and at first she thought he was joking. Then she got angry and said she would call the police. It took the producer twenty minutes to tell Connie that he was serious. Then an appointment was made for her to go to the company the next day. The test was successful. They gave her some necessary lessons and within a few weeks she was playing the leading part in a movie, which made her well-known overnight throughout the country. Of course, she was given a more dramatic name, which is now world famous. But chances like this happen once in a blue moon!

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单选题The polar region is _______.

单选题A) incredible C) impossible B) inadequate D) unbelievable