单选题Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

单选题{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}} Reality television is a kind of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations, documents actual events, and features ordinary people rather than professional actors. It could be described as a form of artificial or heightened documentary. Although it has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000. Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the crazy, often demeaning (贬低人的) programs produced in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s, to monitor focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term "reality television" is somewhat of a misnomer(误称) and that such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in special locations or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques. Part of reality television's appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations. For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, a male dates a dozen women at the same time, traveling on extraordinary dates to scenic places. Reality television also bas the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity. Some critics have said that the name "reality television" is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the kind. In competition-based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The Real World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely fabricated(杜撰的) world in which the competition plays out. Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed plots, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviors and conflicts. Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word "reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories. It really is not reality TV. It really is unscripted drama."

单选题Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

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单选题This passage is mainly talking about______.

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单选题Real policemen hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV—if they ever get home in time. There are similarities, of course, but the cops don't think much of them. The first difference is that a policeman's real life revolves round the law. Most of his training is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and rain, running down an alley after someone he wants to talk to. Little of his time is spent in chatting to scanty-clad (穿衣不多的) ladies or in dramatic confrontations with desperate criminals. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty or not—of stupid, petty crimes. Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal, as soon as he's arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks—where failure to produce results reflects on the standing of the police—little effort is spent on searching. Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of different evidence. So, as well as being overworked, a detective has to be out at all hours of the day and night interviewing his witnesses and persuading them, usually against their own best interests, to help him.

单选题There was a time, not that long ago, when women Were considered smart if they played dumb to get a man, and women who went to college were more interested in getting a "Mrs.degree" than a bachelor's. Even today, it's not unusual for a woman to get whispered and unrequested counsel from her grandmother that an advanced degree could hurt her in the marriage market. "There were so many misperceptions out there about education and marriage that I decided to sort out the facts," said economist Betsey Stevenson, an assistant professor at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. So along with Wharton colleague Adam Isen, Stevenson calculated national marriage data from 1950 to 2008 and found that the marriage penalty women once paid for being well educated has largely disappeared. "In other words, the difference in marriage rates between those with college degrees and those without is very small," said Stephanie Coontz, a family historian at Evergreen State College. The new analysis also found that while high-school dropouts(辍学学生) had the highest marriage rates in the 1950s, today college-educated women are much more likely to marry than those who don't finish high school. Of course, expectations have changed dramatically in the last half century. "In the 1950s, a lot of women thought they needed to marry right away," Coontz said. "Real wages were rising so quickly that men in their 20s could afford to marry early. But they didn't want a woman who was their equal. Men needed and wanted someone who knew less." In fact, she said, research published in 1946 documented that 40 percent of college women admitted to playing dumb on dates. "These days, few women feel the need to play down their intelligence or achievements," Coontz said. The new research has more good news for college grads. Stevenson said the data indicate that modern college-educated women are more likely to be married before age 40, are less likely to divorce, and are more likely to describe their marriages as "happy". The marriages of well-educated women tend to be more stable because the brides are usually older as well as wiser, Stevenson said.

单选题Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

单选题What is the best title for the passage? A) Esperanto—An Artificial Language. C) Esperanto—People's Hope. B) Esperanto—A Language For All. D) Esperanto—A Nice Thought.

单选题Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

单选题Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

单选题But then he was wonderfully good-looking, with his brown hair, his______ face, and his grey eyes.

单选题The foundation of civilized living is to respect the law. Whoever ______ the law is bound to be punished.

单选题According to the passage, economists define "opportunity cost" as"________".

单选题She was so _______ in her book that she didn't hear the telephone rang.