单选题They say that sticks and stones may break your bones, but words will never hurt you. Yet childhood bullying really can damage your long-term health. Gone are the days when bullying was considered an inevitable and ultimately harmless part of growing up—just last month we learned that childhood bullying can lead to poorer mental health even into middle age. Now William Copeland at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, and his colleagues have shown that it can have lingering physiological effects too. They tracked 1420 9-year-olds right through their teens. Each child was seen up to nine times during the study and quizzed about bullying. The team then measured levels of C-reactive protein in their blood. CRP is a marker of inflammation (炎症) linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease (心血管疾病) and problems like diabetes. "Because we were collecting biological samples throughout, we were able to look at CRP levels in subjects prior to their bullying involvement," says Copeland. "This really gives us an idea of the changes bullying brings about." Although CRP levels naturally rise in everyone during adolescence, levels were highest in children who reported being tormented by bullies. Even at the ages of 19 and 21, children who had once been bullied had CRP levels about 1.4 times higher than peers who were neither perpetrators nor victims. In a cruel twist, the bullies had the lowest levels of all, suggesting they didn"t suffer the same health risks. They may even see a benefit from their behavior, though Copeland stresses it doesn"t vindicate (辩护) their actions. "The goal would instead be to find other ways to produce this protective effect without it being at someone else"s expense," he says. Andrea Danese at King"s College London has previously shown that maltreatment during childhood can lead to high levels of inflammation in adult life. "This new study is a helpful addition in showing that these effects extend to another important childhood stressor," he says. He suggests that care workers could monitor levels of CRP in children having psychotherapy to see if it is helping to soothe the stress of being bullied.

单选题A.Itisharmfultopeople.B.Itisaweakpointofshypeople.C.Itisagoodquality.D.Itisthecauseofunhappiness.

单选题A．Planningasightseeingtour.B．Writingtohisuncle.C．Arranginghisclassschedule.D．Lookingthroughalanguagetextbook.

单选题The task will be finished ____________ if everything goes on as we have planned.

单选题Before moving to another city, Mr. London______ of the house and the furniture.

单选题{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}} Most conceptions of the process of motivation begin with the assumption that behavior is, at least in part, directed towards the attainment of goals or towards the satisfaction of needs or motives. Accordingly, it is appropriate to begin our consideration of motivation in the work place by examining the motives for working. Simon points out that an organization should be able to secure the participation of a person by offering him inducements (引诱)which contribute in some way to at least one of his goals. The kinds of inducements offered by an organization are varied, and if they are effective in maintaining participation they must necessarily be based on the needs of the individuals. Maslow examines in detail what these needs are. He points out not only that there are many needs ranging from basic physiological drives such as hunger to a more abstract desire for self-realization, but also that they are arranged in a hierarchy(等级制度 )whereby the lower-order needs must to a large degree be satisfied before the higher-order ones come into play. One of the most obvious ways in which work organizations attract and retain members is through the realization, that economic factors are not the only inducement for working as indicated by Morse and Weiss. In line with the social respect and self-realization needs discussed by Maslow, factors such as association with others, self-respect gained through the work, and a high interest value of the work can serve effectively to induce people to work.

单选题From the passage (as the beginning paragraphs of a long article), it is very likely that the writer will go on to discuss ________.

单选题A) country's C) nation'sB) culture's D) nationality's

单选题She has a ______ attitude toward this matter. That means we can't determine on a course of action.

单选题[A] focuses [C] depends[B] bases [D] takes

单选题A) whether C) howB) that D) if

单选题[此试题无题干]

单选题Hazardous products are being pushed on the Third World in increasing volume. There are many examples of these: pharmaceutical (处方的) drugs, contraceptives (避孕药) and pesticides banned years ago in Europe, America, or Japan but sold by companies of these same countries to the Third World; cigarettes with a far higher tar(焦油) and nicotine contents than in the rich countries. The health effects on Third World peoples are terrible. The hazardous technologies and products imported from the industrialized countries often displace local technologies and products that may be more appropriate to meet the production and consumption needs of the Third World. Labor intensive technologies that provide employment for the community and are in harmony with the environment are replaced with capital intensive modern technologies that in many instances are ecologically destructive. Appropriate products are replaced by modem products that are thrust upon the people through high powered advertising, sales promotions and pricing policy. The modem industrial system has changed the face of Third World agriculture. In many Third World societies, under the new plantation system, much of the lands formerly planted with traditional food crops have been converted into cash-crop production for export. If export prices are high, the incomes obtained could be higher for export-crop farmers; but when prices fall, as they have in recent years, the farmers are not able to buy enough food with their incomes, and also many agricultural workers lose their jobs. The so-called Green Revolution is a package program that makes it possible to grow more than one crop per year through the introduction of high-yielding seed varieties, high doses of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, agricultural machinery and irrigation. In many areas where this "revolution" wa9 implemented, there was an initial rise in production because more than a single crop could be produced in a year. But the corresponding rise in farmer's incomes was soon offset by the increasing costs of imported chemical inputs and machinery as high- input agriculture only favored richer farmers who could afford to pay for the chemicals and drive out poorer farmers who could not. In addition, the high-yielding crop varieties are very susceptible to pest attacks as insects become resistant to the pesticides. Yields in some areas have dropped. Third World farmers and governments win Increasingly be at the mercy of the transnational food companies.

单选题A．Themanshouldvisitthemuseums.B．Thebeachresortisagoodchoice.C．SheenjoysstayinginWashington.D．Shecan'tstandthehotweather.

单选题 {{B}}Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.{{/B}}

单选题 Passage Two Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

单选题The club has______ a new rule allowing women to join.