阅读理解Why does the Foundation concentrate its support on basic rather than applied research? Basic research is the very heart of science, and its cumulative product is the capital of scientific progress, a capital that must be constantly increased as the demands upon it rise. The g0al of basic research is understanding, for its own sake. Understanding of the structure of the atom or the nerve cell, the explosion of a spiral nebula(旋涡星云) or the distribution of cosmic dust, the causes of earthquakes and droughts, or of man as a behaving creature and of the social forces that are created whenever two or more human beings come into contact with one another-the scope is staggering, but the commitment to truth is the same. If the commitment were to a particular result, conflicting evidence might be overlooked or, with the best will in the world, simply not appreciated. Moreover, the practical applications of basic research frequently cannot be anticipated. When Roentgen, the physicist, discovered X-rays, he had no idea of their usefulness of medicine. Applied research, undertaken to solve specific practical problems, has an immediate attractiveness because the results can be seen and enjoyed. For practical reasons, the sums spent on applied research in any country always far exceed those for basic research, and the proportions are more unequal in the less developed countries. Leaving aside the funds devoted to research by industry which is naturally far more concerned with applied aspects because these increase profits quickly. The funds the U. S. Government allots to basic research currently amount to about 7 percent of its overall research and development funds. Unless adequate safeguards are provided, applied research invariably tends to drive out basic. Then, as Dr. Waterman has pointed out, "Development will inevitably be undertaken prematurely, career incentives will gravitate strongly toward applied science, and the opportunities for making major scientific discoveries will be lost. Unfortunately, pressures to emphasize new developments, without corresponding emphasize upon pure science.., tend to degrade the quality of the nations technology in the long run, rather than to improve it."

听力题When I was at school

听力题It''s never too early to (36) ________your skin-or your children''s-from the sun. The sun produces (37)________ rays- (38) ________ A (UVA. and (39)_________B (UVB. -that can cause short-and long-term skin damage. The immediate effects of harmful (40) ________- (41) ________, photosensitive (42) ________, and cell and (43) ________damage-are bad enough. But medical experts believe that (44)___________________________.Health experts also believe that UVA may weaken the immune system. (45)___________________________.Using sunscreens regularly on children, for example, can reduce their risk of skin damage later in life. Sunscreens provide some protection by blocking the sun''s rays on the skin. (46)___________________________. But no sunscreen totally blocks the sun''s rays.

听力题 Patricia Pania never wanted to be a national public figure. All she wanted to be was a mother and a homemaker. But her life was turned upside down when a motorist, distracted by his cell phone, ran a stop sign and crashed into the side of her car. The impact killed her two-year-old daughter. Four months later, Pania reluctantly but courageously decided to try to educate the public and to fight for laws to ban drivers from using cell phones while a car is moving. She wanted to save other children from what happened to her daughter. In her first speech, Pania got off to a shaky start. She was visibly trembling and her voice was soft and uncertain. But as she got into her speech, a dramatic transformation took place. She stopped shaking and spoke with a strong voice. For the rest of her talk, she was a forceful and compelling speaker. She wanted everyone in the audience to know what she knew without having to learn it from a personal tragedy. Many in the audience were moved to tears, and to action. In subsequent presentations, Pania gained reputation as a highly effective speaker. Her appearance on a talk show was broadcast three times, transmitting her message to over 14,000,000 people. Her campaign increased public awareness of the problem and prompted over 300 cities and several states to consider restrictions on cell phone use. Patricia Pania never wanted to be a national public figure. All she wanted to be was a mother and a homemaker. But her life was turned upside down when a motorist, distracted by his cell phone, ran a stop sign and crashed into the side of her car. The impact killed her two-year-old daughter. Four months later, Pania reluctantly but courageously decided to try to educate the public and to fight for laws to ban drivers from using cell phones while a car is moving. She wanted to save other children from what happened to her daughter. In her first speech, Pania got off to a shaky start. She was visibly trembling and her voice was soft and uncertain. But as she got into her speech, a dramatic transformation took place. She stopped shaking and spoke with a strong voice. For the rest of her talk, she was a forceful and compelling speaker. She wanted everyone in the audience to know what she knew without having to learn it from a personal tragedy. Many in the audience were moved to tears, and to action. In subsequent presentations, Pania gained reputation as a highly effective speaker. Her appearance on a talk show was broadcast three times, transmitting her message to over 14,000,000 people. Her campaign increased public awareness of the problem and prompted over 300 cities and several states to consider restrictions on cell phone use.

听力题 Recently a group of 17-year-old schoolboys decided to beat the world basketball time record. They are to play for 90 hours and add 6 hours to the record. How could 18 boys play for almost 4 days without stopping? The boys decided that each person would play for two and a half hours and then rest for two hours. They had to be able to sleep near the basketball hall, and they needed hot food and drink, day and night. Finally they started at 6 o'' clock one evening. The first night was very hard for the players. When it was their turn to rest, they were too excited to fall asleep at once. After sleeping for a short time, they had to play a-gain. The nights were very long, when nobody was watching. The days were better, because plenty of people cheered the players'' efforts. On the second night they fell a-sleep as soon as they stopped. Some of them had trouble with their hands and feet, but the only serious problem was a mental one. Each boy was thinking: What am I doing here? How can I play any longer? After the third night the players knew they could finish the 90 hours. On the fourth night the play was very slow, but in the final hours it got better. For the last few minutes the players looked as fresh as when they started, They were tired, but very happy. Recently a group of 17-year-old schoolboys decided to beat the world basketball time record. They are to play for 90 hours and add 6 hours to the record. How could 18 boys play for almost 4 days without stopping? The boys decided that each person would play for two and a half hours and then rest for two hours. They had to be able to sleep near the basketball hall, and they needed hot food and drink, day and night. Finally they started at 6 o'' clock one evening. The first night was very hard for the players. When it was their turn to rest, they were too excited to fall asleep at once. After sleeping for a short time, they had to play a-gain. The nights were very long, when nobody was watching. The days were better, because plenty of people cheered the players'' efforts. On the second night they fell a-sleep as soon as they stopped. Some of them had trouble with their hands and feet, but the only serious problem was a mental one. Each boy was thinking: What am I doing here? How can I play any longer? After the third night the players knew they could finish the 90 hours. On the fourth night the play was very slow, but in the final hours it got better. For the last few minutes the players looked as fresh as when they started, They were tired, but very happy.

写作题For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Imagine you are Wang Ting. Write a letter to Xiao Lin, a classmate of yours who is at home and suffering from eye strain (视疲劳). However, she''s still willing to participate in the forth coming CET-4 test. You should write no more than 120 words following the suggestions given below in Chinese. 1. 表示慰问； 2. 告知有关你备考的情况； 3. 提出你的建议。

翻译题We''d better book rooms at the hotel ________ (以防我们找不到空房).

翻译题I suspect that she''s been____________________________(使用不正当手段以期获得) promotion．

翻译题By the time you get to Beijing, ________ (我就已经被调到广州去了).

翻译题He came to the meeting________________(不顾重病) .

翻译题Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.

粤菜即广东菜(Cantonese cuisine)，是中国传统八大菜系之一，由中外饮食文化汇合并结合地域气候特点不断创新而成。粤菜在国外是中国的代表菜系，因此，世界各国的中餐馆多数是以粤菜为主。粤菜用料丰富，选料精细，技艺精良(exquisite)，讲究菜的气势、档次，做法比较复杂、费时、费人工。丰富精细的选材和清淡的口味是粤菜广受大家欢迎的重要原因。

BSection C/B

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Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions for a fortnight. When he came to analyse their embarrassing lapses (差错) in a scientific report, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings. Nor did the lapses appear to be entirely random (随机的). One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. "The explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer," explains the professor. "People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the woman's custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. But somehow the action got reversed in the programme." About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these "programme assembly failures." Altogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing—an average of twelve each. There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest (荒谬可笑的 ). These are two hours some time between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.m. with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m. "Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain 'programmes' occurs, as for instance between going to and from work." Women on average reported slightly more lapses—12.5 compared with 10.9 for men—probably because they were more reliable reporters. A. startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse—even dangerous.

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BPart II Listening Comprehension/B

茅台酒 (Maotai liquor)独产于贵州省茅台镇，拥有2000多年的历史。茅台镇的气候、土壤和水质成就了茅台独特的口感。 清代 (the Qing Dynasty)时期，茅台成为第一个大规模生产、年产量达170吨的中国白酒。1951年茅台获得了一枚金牌，第一次赢得了国际声誉。同年，在中华人民共和国成立后两年，茅台被指定为国酒。自此茅台一直用于外国元首和贵宾来访中国时官方场合的宴会。

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