TheIllusionofMultitaskingForthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybasedonthePicture.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthencommentonthedemeritofmultitasking.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.
2013年10月30日，中国第一所网络文学大学(online literature university)成立。诺贝尔文学奖得主(Nobel Literature Prize Laureate)莫言担任名誉校长(honorary principal).该大学由多家网络文学网站共同创建，邀请各大文学网站的作家和编辑担任教员。网络文学大学的建立旨在为文学爱好者提供免费的培训，帮助他们尽快走上职业道路。学员足不出户就能通过网络在家接受文学知识培训。预计每年将约有10万名学员从中受益。
Consider this: many of the truly remarkable innovations of the latest generation—a list that includes Google, Facebook and Twitter—were all founded by people under 30. What is it about that youthful decade after those awkward teenage years that inspires such shoot-for-the-moon success? Does age really have something to do with it? The conventional wisdom is that young people bring fresh eyes and a new perspective to confronting problems and challenges that others have given up on. That may or may not be true, but it's only part of the story. Peter Thiel, the co-founder of PayPal, has another, colder theory that may explain it: Ultimately, it's about money. "In most cases when people are making good money, they're typically spending all of it and it becomes really hard to dial that back. If you bought a house or have obligations of one sort or another it may be very difficult." He said. In other words, it's the young people who have nothing to lose, with no mortgage and, frankly, with nothing to do on a Friday night except work, who are the ones often willing to take the biggest risks. Sure, they are talented. But it's their persistence and enthusiasm, the desire to stay up until 6 am., that is the difference between being a salaried employee and an entrepreneur (企业家). That's not to say that most 20-somethings are finding success. They're not. In truth, unemployment for workers aged 16 to 24 is double the national average. "Gen X" and "Gen Y" have far less wealth than their parents did at the same age, according to the Urban Institute. One of the biggest challenges facing this next generation—and one that may prevent more farsighted entrepreneurs from succeeding—is the staggering rise in the level of debt college students have been left with. If Thiel's theory is right, it is going to be harder and harder for young people to take big risks because they will be crushed with obligations before they even begin.
其他人可能会表现出胃痛或头痛等身体不适的症状。
Gestures aren't the only area in which the unwary traveler can get tripped up. Foreign cultures adhere to different business customs and behavior. For example, Caffeine junkies should restrain themselves in the Middle East. "Three cups of tea or coffee is usually the polite limit in offices and during social calls, " counsels "Travel Pak, " a free publication of Alia, the Royal Jordanian Airline. "But if your host keeps going, you also may continue sipping. If you've had your fill, give your empty cup a quick twist a sort of wiggle—as you hand it back. That means "No more, thank you." Middle East visitors also should not be surprised "if others barge right into the office in the middle of your conversation with the person you are seeing, " notes "Travel Pak." An old Arab cus torn calls for keeping an "open office." The British, however, consider it impolite to interrupt a visitor, even after all business has been transacted. The commercial caller is expected to be sensitive to this point, know when to stop, and initiate his or her own departure. In Japan certain guests at evening business gatherings will leave early. They should be allowed to leave without effusive goodbyes. The Japanese consider formal departures to be disruptive in such cases and disturbing to remaining guests. In Scandinavia and Finland business guests may be asked to shed their clothes and join their hosts in a sauna. The invitation is a sign that a good working relationship has been established. In the Arab world, the word "no" must be mentioned three times before it is accepted. In contrast, it is considered good business manners to make many and long efforts to pick up the check. In the People' s Republic of China, gift giving is considered an insult, says Patrick J. Lewis, President of Club Universe, a Los Angeles tour operator. "If you want to give someone a gift, make sure it's modest in value. This will not be considered offensive, but it may be declined, " The Chinese manner of expressing friendship and welcome is to clap. Lewis adds. "You may be greeted with clapping when entering a factory, hospital, commune, or school. Politeness dictates that you respond with applause, even though it may seem like you're clapping for yourself."
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Procrastinators (拖延症患者), take note: If you've tried building self-discipline and you're still putting things off, maybe you need to try something different. One new approach: Check your mood. Often, procrastinators attempt to avoid the anxiety or worry aroused by a tough task with activities aimed at repairing their mood, such as checking Facebook or taking a nap. But the pattern, which researchers call "giving in to feel good," makes procrastinators feel worse later, when they face the consequences of missing a deadline or making a hasty, last-minute effort, says Timothy Pychyl, an associate professor of psychology at Carleton University. Increasingly, psychologists and time-management consultants are focusing on a new strategy: helping procrastinators see how attempts at mood repair are destroying their efforts and learn to regulate their emotions in more productive ways. The new approach is based on several studies in the past two years showing that negative emotions can damage attempts at self-control. It fills a gap among established time-management methods, which stress behavioral changes such as adopting a new organizing system or doing exercises to build willpower. Researchers have come up with a playbook of strategies to help procrastinators turn mood repair to their advantage. Some are tried-and-true classics: Dr. Pychyl advises procrastinators to "just get started, and make the threshold for getting started quite low." Procrastinators are more likely to put the technique to use when they understand how mood repair works, says Dr. Pychyl. He adds, "A real mood boost comes from doing what we intend to do—the things that are important to us." He also advises procrastinators to practice "time travel"—projecting themselves into the future to imagine the good feelings they will have after finishing a task, or the bad ones they will have if they don't. This remedies procrastinators' tendency to get so stuck in present anxieties and worries that they fail to think about the future. Another mood-repair strategy, self-forgiveness, is aimed at dismissing the guilt and self-blame. University freshmen who forgave themselves for procrastinating on studying for the first exam in a course procrastinated less on the next exam, according to a recent study led by Michael Wohl, an associate professor of psychology at Carleton.
成吉思汗
(Genghis Khan)，原名
铁木真
(Temujin)，出生于1162年。他是中国史和世界史上杰出的政治家和
军事家
(strategist). 1206年春天，成吉思汗建立
大蒙古国
(Mongol Empire).此后他多次发动战争以征服其他国家。他带领的军队占领了许多地方，并给这些地域造成了巨大破坏。成吉思汗是著名的历史人物，同时又是最有争议的人物之一。几百年来，中外学者从不同角度研究成吉思汗的功过是非。
For centuries, in the countries of south and Southeast Asia the elephant has been an intimate part of the culture, economy and religion. And nowhere more so than in Thailand. Unlike its African cousin, the Asian elephant is easily domesticated (驯化). The rare so-called white elephants have actually lent the authority of kingship to its rulers and until the 1920s the national flag was a white elephant on a red background. To the early Western visitors the country's romantic name was "Land of the White Elephant". Today, however, the story is very different. Out of work and out of land, the Thai elephant struggles for survival in a nation that no longer needs it. The elephant has found itself more or less abandoned by previous owners who have moved on to a different economic world and a westernized society. And while the elephant's problems began many years ago, now it rates a very low national priority. How this reversal from national icon (圣像) to neglected animal came about is a tale of worsening environmental and the changing lives of the Thais themselves. According to Richard Lair, Thailand's expert on the Asian elephant and author of the report Gone Astray, at the turn of the century there may well have been as many as 100,000 domestic elephants in the country. In the north of Thailand alone it was estimated that more than 20,000 elephants were employed in transport, 1,000 of them alone on the road between the cities of Chiang Mai and Chiang Saen. This was at a time when 90 per-cent of Thailand was still forest—a habitat (栖息地) that not only supported the animals but also made them necessary to carry goods and people. Nothing ploughs through dense forest better than a massive but sure-footed elephant. By 1950 the elephant population had dropped to a still substantial 13,397, but today there are probably no more than 3,800, with another 1,350 roaming free in the national parks. But now, Thailand's forest covers only 20 per cent of the land. This deforestation (采伐森林) is the central point of the elephant's difficult situation, for it has effectively put the animals out of work. This century, as the road network grew, so the elephant's role as a beast of burden declined.
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随着中国旅游业的发展，泥塑已经成为广受欢迎的旅游纪念品，得到世界各地游客的青睐。
当铺
(pawnshop)是中国最古老的金融行业之一。长期以来，它们为身处危急时刻的人们提供现金。然而在过去的几十年间，当铺渐渐消失了。如今它们正迎来一个繁荣发展的新时期。究其原因就是典当行能为顾客提供快速、便捷的金融服务。此外，黄金、
珠宝
(jewellery)、手表以及其他值钱的东西都可以典当。到前年底，全国已有5000多间典当行，
总交易额
(total transaction)超过2000亿人民币。
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舞狮(lion dance)是中国的一种传统舞蹈形式，在重大节日和隆重活动中经常可以看到。舞狮起源于三国时期(the Three Kingdoms Period)，至今已有1000多年的历史。舞狮一般由两人表演，一人舞狮头，另一人舞狮身和狮尾。表演者在锣鼓(gongs and drums)音乐的伴奏下，表演狮子的各种动作。舞狮随着华人移居海外而闻名世界，尤其是在东南亚国家，但每一个国家和地区都有自己的舞狮风格。
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For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose there are two attitudes towards the combination of traditional Chinese culture and Western culture: One is yes and the other no. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on how to guarantee the network information security. You should write at least 120 words hut no more than 180 words.
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