7 Secret Tests of AttractionA) You're a smart, attractive person. So you wouldn't be surprised if one of your friends got the hots (迷恋) for you and then started acting all kinds of crazy. Your love-struck friend will wonder if you feel the same way, and will probably dream up subtle tests to find out. They could save themselves some effort by quickly surveying the scientific literature, though, because they will almost certainly be following one of seven well-trodden paths.B) In a classic study led by Leslie Baxter at Lewis and Clark College in Portland, Oregon, and William Wilmot at the University of Montana, Missoula, a team of researchers interviewed 90 undergraduate students about their relationships with people of the opposite sex. The interviewees admitted to a total of 158 "calculated acquisition strategies" —or secret tests— that they hoped would reveal how a fancied friend felt about them. Many of the tests were pretty similar, so Baxter and Wilmot were able to boil them down to just seven categories. Read on to see how infuriating, and downright calculating, friends can become in the pursuit of a relationship upgrade.1. EnduranceC) This is most common type of test. In this category, the love-struck friend does their best to test the other person's feelings by fishing for compliments or demanding help—especially if it comes at a cost to the other. A classic endurance strategy is the self-put-down. As one respondent recalled: "He was really getting down on himself, saying he wasn't a very capable or nice person. He said it to get me to compliment him and verbalize how much I thought of him."D) Another type of endurance test is called forced choice, in which your friend wants to see if you will drop everything for them. " She came to where I work out and said that she was really depressed but didn't want to bother me," said one man in his interview. "She really wanted to see if I would stop what I was doing and show my concern, indicating how much I care for her."E) Finally, enamored (迷恋的) friends will behave like spoiled brats (小孩) , pushing their friend's buttons to see how much mistreatment they will put up with without complaining—will you still like them even when they're being a pain?2. TriangulationF) The second most popular type of test was dubbed the triangle; because it relies on the age-old saying "three's a crowd". Some people engineer "fidelity checks" , especially if the relationship has already strayed beyond the platonic (柏拉图式). One of the interviewees wanted to test if her boyfriend was as keen as she was. "I would intentionally leave him alone with my roommate and then ask him when I returned ' what have the two of you been up to? ' If he acted uncomfortable, I would know that he wasn't faithful—or at least that he was thinking about being unfaithful to me."G) Others employ jealousy tests: "I tested her limits by going out with other women and making sure that she found out about it. I wanted to know what kind of relationship commitment she wanted," said one man.3. HintH) Then there are the indirect suggestion tests: joking about serious feelings, hinting or getting increasingly intimate with bodily contact. " When we were just becoming romantic, he kept getting more and more bold with his touching—first his arm around my shoulder, then moving in real close, etc. He was waiting to see if I would tell him when to stop as a sign of how much I liked him," said one interviewee.4. Miss me?I) Distance is supposed to make the heart grow fonder, and indeed physical separation is a common test. One respondent admitted: " To see if our relationship was really strong I tested it... by going overseas for a few months."J) If you have felt like you didn't want to be the first to call, you could be using another separation test called initiation induction. "When I returned from Switzerland, he didn't call me even though he knew exactly when I was returning. He wanted to see if I still felt the same way about him by calling him first," one woman recalls.5. Heart to heartK) The directness test is really the opposite of a secret strategy. Far more popular with men than women, it involves either asking a person straight out how they feel.L) You can also speak openly about yourself in the hope your love interest will too. "I was having trouble getting him to open up to me about his family and his background," one woman said, "so I started talking about my folks and sisters, hoping that he would reciprocate (互换) and tell me about himself as a sign that he trusted me and wanted me to know more about him."6. Inside informationM) Ever tried to find out from someone's friends whether they might have a crush on you? Then you have employed what Baxter and Wilmot aptly call asking third party tests. It might sound like playground behaviors, but grown-ups do it too.7. HijackingN) Most cringeworthy (令人不舒服的) of all are public presentation tests, which basically involve backing your friend into a corner, in public. As one woman put it, "I intentionally introduced him as my boyfriend to my best friend who came to visit and then watched how he reacted—you know, did he seem embarrassed?"O) It is probably a good thing these tests are the least common of all. If you're on the receiving end, while waiting for the ground to swallow you up, this might be the moment when you see your friend in a whole new light—just not the way they hoped.
在中国，孩子的
满月酒
(One-Month-Old Feast)是其人生中第一个重要仪式。孩子满月那天，家人邀请亲朋好友来一起庆祝。通常孩子穿上
狗头帽
(dog hat)、虎头鞋，象征着孩子能幸运一生。孩子周岁那天的
抓周仪式
(One-Year-Old Catch)也很有特色。家里人会摆上书、笔、墨、纸、钱币、食物、玩具等物品任孩子随意挑选。根据孩子抓的东西来预测孩子可能存在的兴趣爱好和将来从事的职业。
春节快到了。人们都在忙着准备过节。
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your school teachers upon entering college. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
在2002年，印度领先中国，是美国最大的留学生来源地。
10月23日，三星电子公司(Samsung Electronics)发表声明向中国消费者道歉，并作出对七款机型提供免费维修服务并延长保修期的承诺。三星希望通过道歉维持其在中国智能手机(smart phone)市场的主导地位。去年三星在中国销售了3000万台设备，市场占有率达到17．7％。三星并不是第一个作出道歉并承诺改善服务的公司。之前苹果公司(Apple)也做过同样事情并藉此开发了一大批新的消费者。
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For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose you plan to start your own business after graduating from college, what business do you want to start and how to run it?
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Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheChangesofUrbanGreenCoverageRatiobasedonthestatisticsprovidedinthebargraphbelow.Pleaseconveytheinformationinthegraph.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.
中国的
农民工
(migrant worker)是从农村到城市来寻找工作的农民。他们在建筑工地、工厂、饭店以及家政服务业寻求工作。这些农民工推动着中国经济的快速增长。据报道，去年中国有1．67亿农民工。这个庞大的群体时常面临着被拖
欠工资
(pay arrears)、缺乏
工伤
(workplace injury)赔偿和医疗保障，以及子女上学难等诸多问题。近几年，中国政府日益改善农民工的权益。
气功
(Qigong)是中国文化的杰出
遗产
(legacy)，也是传统中医的一个重要组成部分。它是以调心、调息、调身为手段的身心锻炼方法。气功能解乏并改善睡眠质量，从而提高工作效率。因此，在当代中国气功仍然很流行。气功分为
医疗气功
(healing Qigong)和
健身气功
(fitness Qigong)两类：医疗气功用于治疗身体疾病；健身气功主要用于强健体魄，延缓衰老。越来越多的外国人加入练气功的行列。
The planet is getting lusher, and we are responsible. Carbon dioxide generated by human activity is stimulating photosynthesis (光合作用) and causing a beneficial greening of the Earth's surface. For the first time, researchers claim to have shown that the increase in plant cover is due to this "CO
2
fertilization effect" rather than other causes. However, it remains unclear whether the effect can counter any negative consequences of global warming, such as the spread of deserts.
Recent satellite studies have shown that the planet is harboring more vegetation overall, but pinning down the cause has been difficult. Factors such as higher temperatures, extra rainfall, and an increase in atmospheric CO
2
—which helps plants use water more efficiently—could all be boosting vegetation. To home in on the effect of CO
2
, Randall Donohue of Australia's national research institute, the CSIRO in Canberra, monitored vegetation at the edges of deserts in Australia, southern Africa, the US Southwest, North Africa, the Middle East and central Asia. These are regions where there is ample warmth and sunlight, but only just enough rainfall for vegetation to grow, so any change in plant cover must be the result of a change in rainfall patterns or CO
2
levels, or both.
If CO
2
levels were constant, then the amount of vegetation per unit of rainfall ought to be constant, too. However, the team found that this figure rose by 11 per cent in these areas between 1982 and 2010, mirroring the rise in CO
2
( Geophysical Research Letters, doi. org/mqx). Donohue says this lends "strong support" to the idea that CO
2
fertilization drove the greening.
Climate change studies have predicted that many dry areas will get drier and that some deserts will expand. Donohue's findings make this less certain. However, the greening effect may not apply to the world's driest regions. Beth Newingham of the University of Idaho, Moscow, recently published the result of a 10-year experiment involving a greenhouse set up in the Mojave Desert of Nevada. She found "no sustained increase in biomass" when extra CO
2
was pumped into the greenhouse. "You cannot assume that all these deserts respond the same," she says. "Enough water needs to be present for the plants to respond at all."
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BPart III Reading Comprehension/B
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智能手机日益渗入人们的生活。许多年轻人似乎一刻也离不开它。在大街上，经常可以看到一些年轻人不停地用智能手机拍照，添加一段说明，然后放到
微博
(microblog)或
微信
(WeChat)上。的确，智能手机为人们的沟通提供了前所未有的便利,它让人们能随时随地与朋友互动，分享新鲜事。但是，相关学者对此也表示了担忧。因为智能手机反而使身边的人疏远了。
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