《史记》 (Records of the Grand Historian)是一部伟大的史学著作，为 西汉时期 (the Western Han Dy-nasty)司马迁所著。《史记》记载了我国从 黄帝 (Yellow Emperor)到西汉时期长达3000年左右的历史。《史记》全书共52万字，取材广泛，内容丰富。特别值得一提的是，司马迁不仅参考皇家的历史记录，还走遍中国求证信息的真伪。《史记》也是一部优秀的文学著作，对中国后世文学有着深远的影响。

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Don't let vacations or business travel sideline (使退出) your exercise routine. Physical activity is a great way to【C1】______stress and adjust to a new time zone when you're traveling. Here's how to get the most out of it: Find fitness-friendly【C2】______. Call ahead to make sure your hotel or motel has a good fitness facility— or at least a place where you'll feel safe and【C3】______going for a walk. Take【C4】______of the local attractions. Many places offer their own【C5】______exercise opportunities—trails through beautiful parks or forests, beach walks, boat rides on the lake, bike rides out of town. Check the travel【C6】______of your bookstore or look on-line for information before you travel. Be sure to bring along what you'll need. Walking shoes, gym shorts, a T-shirt, resistance bands—make a checklist of all the things you'll need while you're away and make sure to【C7】______it all. Use every opportunity. Too busy to set aside a block of time for【C8】______? Look for every opportunity you can to be active. Book a room on the third floor and take the stairs. Walk whenever you canbetween meetings, while you're waiting at the airport, on your way from here to there. Be【C9】______. If you're on a busy business trip, don't add to the stress by trying to do too much. Spending【C10】______15 minutes on refreshing walking, along with climbing a few flights of stairs instead of taking the elevator, should hold you until you get home again—and back to your regular routine.A) accommodations E) equipment I) pack M) sectionB) activity F) identically J) potential N) sketchC) advantage G) merely K) realistic O) uniqueD) enjoyable H) oppose L) relieve

西湖是中国最著名的旅游景点之一。它位于浙江省省会杭州，水域面积约6平方公里。几个世纪以来，西湖一直以其秀美风景和 文化古迹 (cultural heritages)而闻名于世。西湖三面环山，一面临城，春夏秋冬各有特色，将自然、历史、艺术巧妙地融合在一起。每年西湖都会吸引上千万的游客到杭州观光旅游，杭州也因其自身的魅力被称之为“人间天堂”。

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Qixi, known as Chinese Valentine's Day, falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month. It originates from the romantic love story of Niulang and Zhinv. It is the most romantic day among traditional Chinese festivals, and the happiest day for the single women in ancient China. It is believed that you can see Niulang and Zhinv dating across the Milky Way if you look up at the sky on the evening of Qixi, and you can overhear the lovers' talking if you stand under grapevines. Qixi not only embodies people's yearning and pursuit for ideal love, but also inherits and promotes the fine traditional virtues of the Chinese nation.

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马可-波罗(Marco Polo)是来自意大利的著名旅行家。他于1275年到达元朝(the Yuan Dynasty)的首都。从那时起他在中国游历17年，访问了中国的许多城市。回到意大利后，马可·波罗与他人合作，写下了《马可-波罗游记》(The Travels of Marco Polo)。在这本游记里，马可·波罗描绘了一个辉煌的东方世界，详细介绍了中国的著名城市。该书一出版，就受到了欧洲人的热烈欢迎，激起他们对东方文明的兴趣。

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中国的汽车业在近30年间取得了巨大的成就。在20世纪70年代，中国每年生产的轿车还不足3000辆。而在去年，我国轿车的产销量都突破了1000万辆，位居全球之首。中国的品牌车已经有了长足的进步。一些中国的一流厂家，如上汽集团(SAIC)和吉利汽车(Geely)，正开始在国外推出品牌。去年他们出口了90万辆轿车，而这个数量还会不断增加。

此外，即便在市中心某些地方，也没有将自行车道及机动车道分隔开的清晰标识。

Low-carbon Future: We Can Afford to Go Green[A] Tackling climate change will cost consumers the earth. Those who campaign for a green revolution are out to destroy our western lifestyles. Such are the cries of opponents of emissions cuts, and their message has political impact: a number of surveys have found that the enthusiasm of voters for policies to reduce climate change falls off as the price tag increases. However, a new modelling (模型化) exercise suggests that these fears are largely unfounded. It projects that radical cuts to the UK's emissions will cause barely noticeable increases in the price of food, drink and most other goods by 2050. Electricity and petrol costs will rise significantly, but with the right policies in place, say the modellers, this need not lead to big changes in our lifestyle.[B] "These results show that the global project to fight climate change is feasible," says Alex Bowen, a climate policy expert at the London School of Economics. "It's not such a big ask as people are making out." Although it is impossible to precisely predict prices four decades from now, the exercise is one of the most detailed examinations yet of the impact of climate change policies on UK consumers. It provides a useful rough guide to our economic future.[C] Though its results speak directly to the UK consumer, previous research has come to similar conclusions for the US. In June, one study found that if the US were to cut emissions by 50 per cent by 2050, prices of most consumer goods would increase by less than 5 per cent. The findings are also consistent with analyses by the Pew Center on Global Climate Change in Washington DC. "Even cutting emissions by 80 per cent over four decades has a very small effect on consumers in most areas," says Manik Roy of the Pew Center. "The challenge is now to convince consumers and policy-makers that this is the case."[D] The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recommends that wealthy nations cut their emissions to between 80 and 95 per cent below 1990 levels by 2050 in order to avoid the worst effects of climate change. The UK government aims to reduce its contribution by 80 per cent and leaders of the other G8 nations have discussed following suit. To meet this goal, industries will have to cut down fossil fuel consumption, and low-carbon power sources will have to massively expand. Companies will have to pay increasingly higher prices for the right to emit greenhouse gases.[E] How will this affect the average citizen's wallet? To measure the impact of the 80 per cent target on the UK population, New Scientist approached Cambridge Econometrics, a firm known for its modelling of the European economy. The firm used historic economic data to predict the impact of emissions reductions on prices in over 40 categories of goods and services. It compared the impact of the 80 per cent cut with a baseline situation in which the government takes no action other than the limited emissions restrictions already in place as a result of the Kyoto protocol (京都议定书).[F] Most of the price increases are a consequence of rising energy costs, in part because coal and gas are replaced by more expensive low-carbon sources. The price of electricity is projected to be 15 per cent higher in 2050 compared with the baseline. In today's prices, that would add around ￡5 onto typical monthly household electricity bills. It will also result in higher prices elsewhere, as every industrial sector uses electricity. But electricity and other forms of energy make up only a small part of the price of most goods. Other factors—raw materials, labour and taxes—are far more important. The energy that goes into producing food, alcoholic drinks and tobacco, for example, makes up just 2 per cent of the consumer price. For motor vehicle purchases and hotel stays, the figure is 1 per cent. Only for energy-intensive industries does the contribution climb above 3 per cent.[G] As a result, most products cost just a few per cent more by 2050. At current prices, going low-carbon is forecast to add around 5 pence to the price of a slice of bread or a pint of beer. The price of household appliances such as washing machines rises by a few pounds. There is one major exception to the pattern. Airlines do not currently have a low-carbon alternative to jet fuel. Unless one is found, they will bear the full burden of carbon pricing, and average fares will rise by at least 140 per cent— raising the cost of a typical London to New York return trip from around ￡350 to ￡840.[H] Achieving the overall picture of low prices does require government action. The model forecasts that by 2050 natural gas and petrol will cost 160 per cent and 32 per cent more respectively. To avoid large price rises in home heating and road transport while still hitting the 80 per cent target, the Cambridge researchers had to build two major policies into their analysis. They assumed that future governments will provide grants to help switch all domestic heating and cooking to electricity, and invest in the basic facilities needed for electric cars to almost completely replace petroleum-fuelled vehicles. Both policies have been discussed in recent UK government strategy documents, though the detail of how they would be implemented still needs further discussion. Firm policies must follow if ambitious emissions cuts are going to be made, says Chris Thoung of Cambridge Econometrics.[I] So is tackling climate change going to be easier than expected, in terms of consumer costs? While the Cambridge Econometrics model is widely respected and regularly used by the UK government's climate change advisers, any attempt to forecast four decades ahead can be diverted from its intended course by unforeseen events. That leads some economists to question the model's results. [J] For example, companies could move to countries with less strict carbon regulations, points out Richard Tol of the Economic and Social Research Institute in Dublin, Ireland. Incomes in the UK would fall, making goods relatively more expensive. Tol also questions whether it is reasonable to use historical prices as a basis for projecting beyond 2020. Despite this, the Cambridge Econometrics results, together with other recent studies, do provide a useful guide for governments, says Michael Grubb of the University of Cambridge. They suggest that the overall challenge is conquerable, even if many of the details will only become clear in years to come.

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Difficulties in Our Life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

For some educators, there is nothing wrong with fun and games. A group called the Education Arcade recently held a conference in Los Angeles to discuss the future of【C1】______games. The Education Arcade brings together international game designers, publishers, teachers and policymakers. They say they want to lead【C2】______in the way the world learns through computer and video games. The【C3】______was part of E-three, the Electronic Entertainment Exposition This is a yearly trade【C4】______where companies show off new games and educational products. The Education Arcade started at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, near Boston. Professors worked with the Microsoft company to create what they called the Games-to-Teach Project. The group began to【C5】______ways to use technology in teaching and learning. They worked with game designers to develop ideas about how【C6】______and science could mix with game playing. The Education Arcade is the research part of this Games-to-Teach Project. The group recently announced that a "Games for Learning" statement will be【C7】______on some products. This should begin to appear in American stores in about six months. The【C8】______is to help people find games that are fun but will also teach. The Education Arcade says it also wants to get businesses to produce more games that teach. Companies have been creating systems like hand-held educational【C9】______made by LeapFrog. And new educational role-playing games are being developed. M.I.T. and the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation in Virginia are developing a game called "Revolution." Players will get to experience the American Revolution【C10】______. A. placed B. mathematics C. primarily D. goal E. occurrences F. show G. explore H. estimated I. radical J. educational K. change L. online M. devices N. conference O. inherit

{{B}}Part II Listening Comprehension{{/B}}